Evidence-based information about intermittent fasting in diabetes patients: useful or harmful?

Background: One of the most important components of treatment for diabetic patients is diet and healthy nutrition therapy. Calorie restriction is effective and without cost increases its appeal for both patients and physicians. Unfortunately, continuous calorie restriction is a difficult method.

Are disease-related symptoms important to predicting developing diabetes from prediabetes?

Background: There are not many studies conducted to detect and recognize the symptoms during the prediabetes period. In our study, we aimed to determine the symptoms that can be seen in prediabetes and diabetes and their prevalence and to determine the similarities and differences between the two groups.

Methods: Individuals who were diagnosed with prediabetes or diabetes, over the age of 18, literate, and accepted to collaborate were included in our study.

Is oxidative stress a factor in the pathogenesis of subacute thyroiditis?

Introduction: In a performed study, selenium levels were detected to be lower in subacute thyroiditis (SAT). This outcome suggests that the oxidant-antioxidant system may play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of SAT, as is the case for many other diseases. The aim of the present study was to detect whether any association exists between SAT and oxidative stress, and to determine the factors of a possible association.

Acarbose is again on the stage.

Acarbose is an agent that has been used to treat type 2 diabetes for about 30 years; it prevents postprandial hyperglycemia by inhibiting carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine. Since incretin-based treatments have been preferred over the last 10 to 15 years, the use of acarbose is not as common in treating type 2 diabetes as before. Some studies have shown that acarbose also produces a weight-loss effect by increasing glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1).

Rates and associates of influenza and pneumococcus vaccination in diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cross-sectional study (TEMD vaccination study).

Background: Vaccination against influenza and pneumococcus is effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations and to search for the independent associates of vaccination in Turkish patients with diabetes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, nationwide, multicenter study, adult patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) ( = 454) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) ( = 4721), who were under follow-up for at least a year in the outpatient clinics, were consecutively enrolled.

Time to give up traditional methods for the management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a rare and heterogeneous disease group and constitute 0.5% of all malignancies. The annual incidence of NETs is increasing worldwide.

Dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis and oxidant status in patients with hypoparathyroidism.

Background: In this study, we aimed at determining the dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis and oxidant balance, and investigating the relation of these parameters to the severity of the disease and the serum calcium levels.

Methods: 55 patients with iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism follow-ups and 40 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The blood dynamic thiol/sulfide balance, Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Paraoxonase Enzyme Activity (PON) levels were measured in serum samples.

Can neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio be used as an indicator of inflammation in patients with hyperthyroidism?

Background: In our study, we aimed to evaluate changes in the neutrophil and lymphocyte series and investigate whether the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is indicative of inflammations in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Methods: A total of 161 patients were enrolled, 121 of which had hyperthyroidism (71 Graves' Disease (GD) and 50 non-Graves hyperthyroidism (NGH) patients) and 40 of which were control group members. Retrospectively, patients' neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were taken, and the NLR was calculated.

Central and peripheral blood pressures and arterial stiffness increase in hypoparathyroidism.

Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether arterial stiffness is affected in the patients with hypoparathyroidism through pulse wave analysis (PWA). Subjects and methods Sixty-three patients diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism and sixty volunteers were evaluated for the study. When 21 patients were excluded in the hypoparathyroidism group due to exclusion criteria, the research continued with 42 patients and 60 volunteers who are similar to the patients in terms of age, gender and body mass index (BMI).

Should the dose of levothyroxine be changed in hypothyroidism patients fasting during Ramadan?

Background/aim: Muslims worship by fasting from predawn (suhoor) until sunset (iftar) for 30 days in the religious month of Ramadan. In addition to prolonged hunger, patients fasting with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism take their doses of levothyroxine (LT4) outside of daytime fasting hours. The purpose of our study is to compare the values of hypothyroid patients which have been obtained through thyroid function tests before and after Ramadan.

Predicting diabetic foot ulcer infection using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: a prospective study.

Objective: To investigate whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may be used in the early stage risk assessment and follow-up in diabetic foot infection.

Methods: Over a five-year study, NLR values on admission and day 14 of treatment were matched with their laboratory and clinical data in a cohort study. Patients were followed-up or consulted in several clinics or polyclinics (infectious diseases).

Changes in Conjunctiva Morphology Using Impression Cytology in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis without Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy.

Objective: To compare the conjunctival morphological changes in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) without thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and controls using impression cytology technique.

Material And Method: We included 25 HT patients and 33 healthy controls who did not have TAO findings or dry eye. For both groups, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4(FT4), and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) were measured.

Investigation of blood groups in benign thyroid diseases in Turkey.

İt is known that there is a relationship between some diseases and blood groups. The objective of our study is to investigate how often ABO and Rh blood groups are seen in benign thyroid diseases, especially in autoimmune-mediated thyroid diseases, and hence whether there is an association between blood groups and thyroid diseases. A total of 958 patients who were followed due to any benign thyroid disease were included in the study.

Which factors determine exocrine pancreatic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus?

The exocrine structure is significantly affected by diabetes because of endocrine structure-function disorder within the pancreas. Exocrine pancreatic dysfunction (EPD) is the general name of the malabsorption process resulting from inadequate production, release, decreased activation, and/or insufficient degradation of enzymes required for digestion from pancreatic acinar cells. It is important to diagnose patients early and correctly, since there may be both macro- and micro-nutrient deficiency in EPD.

Arterial stiffness in hyperthyroid patients is deteriorated due to thyroid hormones.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare arterial stiffness, which is an independent risk indicator for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), between patients with overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism by antithyroid therapy and healthy volunteers with pulse wave analysis (PWA).

Subjects And Methods: A total of 102 volunteers were included in the study (30 in the overt hyperthyroid group, 28 in the subclinical hyperthyroid group and 14 with euthyroidism by antithyroid therapy and 30 healthy). The arterial stiffness measurements of the participants in the study were performed with the Mobil-O-Graph PWA device (I.

The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and its relationship with insulin resistance in obesity.

Background/aim: In this study, our aim was to investigate the neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio, variations in leukocytes and leukocyte subtypes, and the relationship between N/L ratio and insulin resistance (IR) in obesity.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-six patients and 40 healthy controls were included in this study. Patients’ blood glucose levels, insulin levels, and hemogram parameters upon 8 h of fasting were determined.

The Relationship Between Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Conjunctival Impression Cytology.

Objective: This study was designed to determine whether obesity causes the development of metaplasia in conjunctival epithelial cells.

Material And Method: A total of 61 volunteer participants who had no previous history of illness or drug use were involved in this study. Of those, 20 were obese, and 41 were of normal weight.

An assessment of the relationship between thyroid nodule characteristics, insulin resistance and arterial stiffness in euthyroid nodular goiter.

Objectives: Publications suggesting that thyroid nodule might be associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome are quite interesting. There is a need for studies assessing the relationship between nodule presence and cardiovascular risk in individuals with non-functioning nodular goiter. The purpose of the present study is to reveal whether or not insulin resistance, nodule presence, and nodule stiffness affect arterial stiffness, which is a reliable and valid cardiovascular risk indicator, in individuals with euthyroid nodular goiter using the pulse wave analysis (PWA).

Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk With Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma.

Objective: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) accounts for 30% of all pituitary adenomas, and its incidence has been increasing compared to previous years. Increased risk of cardiovascular effects shown in recent studies is noteworthy in patients with NFPA diagnosis, but the number of studies on the subject is limited. In this study, we aimed to assess possible cardiovascular effects and risk via arterial stiffness measurements in patients diagnosed with NFPA.

The effect of oxidative stress on the progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Methods: Forty euthyroid and 40 subclinical hypothyroid patients older than 18 years and not yet had received treatment were enrolled in the study.

Results: In the 9 months follow-up, 14 of the HT patients developed overt hypothyroidism.

Nonfunctioning adrenal incidentaloma affecting central blood pressure and arterial stiffness parameters.

Purpose: Recently, cardiovascular risk is thought to be increased in patients with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI). There are no sufficient studies in the literature to evaluate this situation in NFAI patients without cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study is to compare peripheral and central blood pressure and arterial stiffness between patients with NFAI and healthy volunteers (of a similar age, gender and body mass index as the NFAI group) who have no traditional cardiovascular risk factors and autonomous cortisol secretion, with pulse wave analysis (PWA).

The relationship between procalcitonin and thyroid autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the serum levels of procalcitonin and its association with autoantibodies in patients with euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Methods: A total of 80 participants were included in the study; 40 of which were newly diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, aged over 18, and 40 of which were healthy volunteers. The serum levels of procalcitonin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.

Higher Pentraxin-3 Levels are Associated With Inflammation in Familial Mediterranean Fever.

Background: Circulating levels of Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) have been shown to increase in several inflammatory conditions. However, there is no information about the levels of PTX3 in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). This study was designed to evaluate the serum PTX3 levels in patients with FMF during attack and free-attack periods.