Seroprevalence of brucellosis among high-risk individuals in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Aim: Brucellosis is a highly contagious, neglected zoonotic disease of major importance worldwide. The disease is endemic in many countries, burdening healthcare systems and the livestock industry and representing a persistent public health concern in these countries. Brucellosis is considered an important occupational hazard for livestock workers.

Evaluating the Sensitivity of Different Molecular Techniques for Detecting Complex in Patients with Pulmonary Infection.

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of detecting drug-resistant complex (MTBC)-specific DNA in sputum specimens from 48 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. The presence of MTBC DNA in the specimens was validated using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF system and compared with a specific PCR assay targeting the IS and the 40 gene sequence fragments. Additionally, the results obtained by multiplex PCR assays to detect the most frequently encountered rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol resistance-conferring mutations were matched with those obtained by GeneXpert and phenotypic culture-based drug susceptibility tests.

Deep and Transfer Learning Approaches for Automated Early Detection of Monkeypox (Mpox) Alongside Other Similar Skin Lesions and Their Classification.

The world faces multiple public health emergencies simultaneously, such as COVID-19 and Monkeypox (mpox). mpox, from being a neglected disease, has emerged as a global threat that has spread to more than 100 nonendemic countries, even as COVID-19 has been spreading for more than 3 years now. The general mpox symptoms are similar to chickenpox and measles, thus leading to a possible misdiagnosis.

Identification of natural potent inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase: an in silico study.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global burden to humanity due to its adverse effects on health and society since time is not clearly defined. The existence of drug-resistant strains and the potential threat posed by latent tuberculosis act as strong impetuses for developing novel anti-tuberculosis drugs. In this study, various flavonoids were tested against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Isocitrate Lyase (ICL), which has been identified as an authorised therapeutic target for treating Mtb infection.

Cheminformatics and machine learning approaches for repurposing anti-viral compounds against monkeypox virus thymidylate kinase.

One of the emerging epidemic concerns is Monkeypox disease which is spreading globally. This disease is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with an increasing global incidence with an outbreak in 2022. One of the novel targets for monkeypox disease is thymidylate kinase, which is involved in pyrimidine metabolism.

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) and COVID-19: Unveiling the Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potentialities with a Special Focus on Long COVID.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused havoc all around the world. The causative agent of COVID-19 is the novel form of the coronavirus (CoV) named SARS-CoV-2, which results in immune system disruption, increased inflammation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). T cells have been important components of the immune system, which decide the fate of the COVID-19 disease.

Variants of SARS-CoV-2: Influences on the Vaccines' Effectiveness and Possible Strategies to Overcome Their Consequences.

The immune response elicited by the current COVID-19 vaccinations declines with time, especially among the immunocompromised population. Furthermore, the emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly the Omicron variant, has raised serious concerns about the efficacy of currently available vaccines in protecting the most vulnerable people. Several studies have reported that vaccinated people get breakthrough infections amid COVID-19 cases.

Anti-tubercular activity evaluation of natural compounds by targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis resuscitation promoting factor B inhibition: An in silico study.

Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has been responsible for the deaths of millions of individuals around the globe. A vital protein in viral pathogenesis known as resuscitation promoting factor (RpfB) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target of anti-tuberculosis drugs. This study offered an in silico process to examine possible RpfB inhibitors employing a computational drug design pipeline.

Epigenetic Targets and Pathways Linked to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pathology.

The scale at which the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has spread remains enormous. Provided the genetic makeup of the virus and humans is readily available, the quest for knowing the mechanism and epidemiology continues to prevail across the entire scientific community. Several aspects, including immunology, molecular biology, and host-pathogen interaction, are continuously being dug into for preparing the human race for future pandemics.

Seroprevalence of community-acquired atypical bacterial pneumonia among adult COVID-19 patients from a single center in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To investigate the seroprevalence of the community-acquired bacterial that causes atypical pneumonia among confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) patients.

Methods: In this cohort study, we retrospectively investigated the seroprevalence of , , and among randomly selected 189 confirmed COVID-19 patients at their time of hospital presentation via commercial immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against these bacteria. We also carried out quantitative measurements of procalcitonin in patients' serum.

Lack of association between fat mass and obesity-associated genetic variant (rs8050136) and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To study the genotype and allele frequency of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs8050136 A>C genetic variant and investigate its association with type 2 diabetes mekkitus (T2DM) parameters.

Methods: This study was carried out on 118 diabetic patients and 106 healthy individuals (control) from Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. The TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)genotyping assay was used for rs8050136 genotyping.

Diverse impacts of the rs58542926 E167K variant in TM6SF2 on viral and metabolic liver disease phenotypes.

Unlabelled: A genome-wide exome association study has identified the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926 variant encoding an E167K substitution as a genetic determinant of hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The roles of this variant across a spectrum of liver diseases and pathologies and on serum lipids comparing viral hepatitis to NAFLD and viral load in chronic viral hepatitis, as well as its intrahepatic molecular signature, have not been well characterized. We undertook detailed analyses in 3260 subjects with viral and nonviral liver diseases and in healthy controls.