Quality assessment of prostate MRI by PI-QUAL score: Inter-reader agreement and impact on prostate cancer local staging at 3 Tesla.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the Prostate Imaging Quality (PI-QUAL) score impacts prostate cancer (PCa) staging on MRI. The secondary goal was to test inter-reader agreement among radiologists experienced in prostate imaging.

Method: A retrospective, single-center study with patients who underwent 3 Tesla prostate MRI scans and were submitted to radical prostatectomy (RP) between January 2018 and November 2021 and were eligible for our study.

Prostate imaging features on magnetic resonance imaging of young patients.

Objective: To identify magnetic resonance imaging findings of the prostate in young adults, including symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the main aspects of prostate imaging in young patients.

Methods: A total of 102 patients under 40 years of age, who underwent prostate magnetic resonance imaging between January 2016 and January 2019, were included in this study.

T2-weighted imaging hypointensity in an ovarian lesion: is it a benign finding?

Objective: To evaluate whether the presence of a hypointense signal at T2-weighted imaging in a solid ovarian lesion on magnetic resonance imaging is a predictor of stability and benignity.

Methods: This is a single center study, prospectively read with retrospective acquired data. The database was searched for patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging between January 2008 and October 2019 and whose reports mentioned solid ovarian lesions with low signal on T2-weighted imaging.

Enhancement patterns of adrenal nodules on magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To compare enhancement patterns of typical adrenal adenomas, lipid-poor adenomas, and non-adenomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: Evaluation of adrenal nodules larger than 1.0 cm, with at least 2-year follow-up, evaluated on MRI in January 2007 and December 2016.

Accuracy of Ga-PSMA PET/CT for lymph node and bone primary staging in prostate cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of the Ga-PSMA PET/CT for lymph nodes and bones in the primary stage of prostate cancer.

Methods: A total of 126 patients who were submitted to Ga-PSMA PET/CT from January 2016 to February 2019 for prostate cancer staging, detection of clinically significant lesions or active surveillance were included in this study. All studies were read by 2 experienced physicians (a nuclear physician and a radiologist).

Which criteria can be used to predict benignity in solid renal lesions lower-equal to 2 cm?

Purpose: To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria of solid renal lesions lower-equal to 2 cm to differentiate benign and malignant tumors, using histopathology as gold standard.

Methods: Three radiologists independently evaluated objective and subjective MRI criteria of focal renal lesions. A total of 105 nodules of patients who had MRI and histopathological results in our institution were included.

A comparative study of ultrasound and cross-sectional imaging for detection of small renal masses: anatomic factors and radiologist's experience.

Objective: To evaluate anatomic factors and radiologist's experience in the detection of solid renal masses on ultrasonography.

Methods: We searched for solid renal masses diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging from 2007 to 2017 that also had previous ultrasonography from the past 6 months. The following features were evaluated: nodule size, laterality, location and growth pattern, patient body mass index and radiologist's experience in ultrasound.

Prostate volume measurement by multiparametric magnetic resonance and transrectal ultrasound: comparison with surgical specimen weight.

Objective: To assess accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance of the prostate to estimate gland volume, comparing the results with transrectal ultrasound and surgical specimen.

Methods: A retrospective study of 85 patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance and transrectal ultrasound (for fusion image-guided biopsy) before radical prostatectomy. Prostate measurements were obtained from magnetic resonance axial and sagittal T2-weighted images and ultrasound; the prostate volume was determined using the ellipsoid formula.

Can multiparametric magnetic resonance of the prostate avoid biopsies in patients with elevated PSA and surgical indication for benign prostatic enlargement?

Introduction: To evaluate the clinical dilemma of men with surgical indication due to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and concomitant elevated PSA, we analysed if multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) could safely prescind the prostate biopsy.

Methods: Forty men with surgical indication due to BPE and concomitantly elevated PSA levels were prospectively enrolled and retrospectively analysed. All patients underwent 1.

Prostate magnetic resonance imaging technique.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the prostate is an excellent tool to detect clinically significant prostate cancer, and it has widely been incorporated into clinical practice due to its excellent tissue contrast and image resolution. The aims of this article are to describe the prostate MR imaging technique for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer according to PI-RADS v2.1, as well as alternative sequences and basic aspects of patient preparation and MR imaging artifact avoidance.

Common pitfalls in renal mass evaluation: a practical guide.

More than half of patients over 50 years of age have had at least one focal renal lesion detected as an incidental finding during an ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging examination. Although the majority of such lesions can be easily detected and correctly characterized, misdiagnoses may occur and are often related to methodological limitations, inappropriate imaging protocols, or misinterpretation. This pictorial essay provides recommendations on how to recognize benign and malignant renal processes that can be potentially missed or mischaracterized in imaging studies.

Interobserver agreement of PI-RADS v. 2 lexicon among radiologists with different levels of experience.

Background: Evaluation of interobserver agreement of the PI-RADS v2 lexicon is important to validate the uniformity of this widely used classification.

Purpose: To determine the interobserver agreement of PI-RADS v2 lexicon among eight radiologists with varying levels of experience.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Comparative study between monoexponential and biexponential diffusion weighted imaging sequences in multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To compare qualitatively and quantitatively, in terms of image quality, a new biexponential diffusion sequence protocol with the standard monoexponential diffusion protocol on multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: This study had a prospective data collection and cross-sectional analysis. Between August and November 2017, a total of 70 patients who underwent multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging due to clinical suspicion of prostatic neoplasia were recruited.

Epidemiological and imaging features that can affect the detection of ureterolithiasis on ultrasound.

Objective: To identify, in patients with clinical suspicion of ureterolithiasis, epidemiological and imaging features that affect calculus detection on ultrasound, as well as to compare ultrasound with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Materials And Methods: We searched our database for patients who underwent ultrasound, followed by MDCT (if the ultrasound was negative), for suspected ureterolithiasis in an emergency setting. Patients were divided into three groups: positive ultrasound (US+); negative ultrasound/positive MDCT (US-/MDCT+); and negative ultrasound/negative MDCT (US-/MDCT-).

Comparison between multiparametric MRI with and without post - contrast sequences for clinically significant prostate cancer detection.

Background: Dynamic-contrast enhanced (DCE) sequence is used to increase detection of small lesions, based on increased vascularization. However, literature is controversy about the real incremental value of DCE in detection of clinically significant (CS) prostate cancer (PCa), since absence of enhancement does not exclude cancer, and enhancement alone is not definitive for tumor.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that DCE images do not increase CS PCa detection on MRI prior to biopsy, comparing exams without and with contrast sequences.

Interobserver Agreement and Positivity of PI-RADS Version 2 Among Radiologists with Different Levels of Experience.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate interobserver agreement of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) v2 category among radiologists with different levels of experience. The secondary objective was to evaluate the positivity for significant cancer among each category (splitting category 4 into two) and among different lesion sizes.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board and ethics comitee approved retrospective study.

Comparison of complications rates between multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion and systematic TRUS prostatic biopsies.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the complication rates between transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) systematic prostate biopsy and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy techniques.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study, institutional review board approved. Systematic TRUS and MRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy complication rates were compared in 967 men.

Objective value on Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map to categorize the intensity of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) restriction for prostate cancer detection on multiparametric prostate MRI.

Purpose: To identify objective and subjective criteria on multiparametric prostate MRI that can be helpful for prostate cancer detection.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study, IRB approved, including 122 patients who had suspicious lesion on MRI and who underwent prostate biopsy with ultrasonography (US)/MRI imaging fusion. There were 60 patients with positive biopsies and 62 with negative biopsies.

Current state of multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate is an imaging method that has shown increasing relevance in urological practice. Due to technological evolution of scanners and the introduction of functional sequences, it has enabled greater accuracy in detection and characterization of prostate tumors.

Malignancy Rate, Histologic Grade, and Progression of Bosniak Category III and IV Complex Renal Cystic Lesions.

Objective: The primary purpose of this study is to determine the malignancy rate, histologic grade, and initial stage of surgically treated complex renal cysts classified as Bosniak category III or IV. For nonsurgical lesions, a secondary objective was to evaluate lesion progression on follow-up examinations.

Materials And Methods: We searched our database for cystic lesions classified as Bosniak III or IV category on CT or MRI from January 2008 to April 2016.

Are Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Images Necessary for Prostate Cancer Detection on Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging?

Background: To compare the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without contrast-enhanced sequences for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. The value of contrast in the MRI protocol for the detection of prostate tumors has been discussed in previous studies.

Materials And Methods: We performed an institutional review board-approved, retrospective study of patients who had undergone prostate MRI followed by fusion biopsy during a 16-month period.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings of prostatic pure leiomyomas.

Objective:: To describe the imaging findings of prostatic tumors nonadenocarcinoma on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods:: A total of 200 patients underwented multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate for screening for prostate cancer, from August 2013 to September 2014, followed by biopsy with ultrasound/magnetic resonance imaging fusion.

Results:: We found three pathologic proved cases of prostatic pure leiomyomas (0.

Prostate cancer detection using multiparametric 3 - tesla MRI and fusion biopsy: preliminary results.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of transrectal ultrasonography (US) bi¬opsy with imaging fusion using multiparametric (mp) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa), with an emphasis on clini¬cally significant tumors according to histological criteria.

Materials And Methods: A total of 189 consecutive US/MRI fusion biopsies were per¬formed obtaining systematic and guided samples of suspicious areas on mpMRI using a 3 Tesla magnet without endorectal coil. Clinical significance for prostate cancer was established based on Epstein criteria.