Assessment of calcium intake and recognition of calcium-rich food sources among the Saudi population.

Unlabelled: Calcium is an essential skeletal mineral, and calcium deficiency has a negative impact on bone health. We conducted an online questionnaire to assess the intake and knowledge among the Saudi population. The survey included 950 participants, with 51.

Glycaemic Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Insulin Degludec: A Real-World, Prospective Non-interventional Study-UPDATES Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Insulin degludec (degludec) has proven benefits in type 2 diabetes (T2D), in terms of improved glycaemic control, low risk of hypoglycaemia, and flexibility in dosing time. This prospective non-interventional UPDATES study aimed to investigate whether results obtained from randomised clinical trials and other real-world studies with degludec are generalisable to patients with T2D in routine clinical practice in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Eligible adults (n = 561) with T2D received degludec for 26-34 weeks, at physicians' discretion and in accordance with local routine clinical practice.

Efficacy and Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors as Adjunctive Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia.

 Adjunctive treatment with sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors (SGLT2- I) has been successfully used in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in recent years to improve glycemic control and reduce body weight without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia; however, there is a scarcity of evidence for real-world experience in their use in T1DM Saudi patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin as off-label adjunctive therapy in Saudi patients with T1DM.  This study was a retrospective study for T1DM patients, who were prescribed empagliflozin as an adjunctive therapy.

Plurihormonal pituitary macroadenoma: a case report.

Background: Plurihormonal pituitary adenomas are a unique type of pituitary adenomas that secrete two or more pituitary hormones normally associated with separate cell types that have different immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features. Although they represent 10-15% of all pituitary tumors, only a small fraction of plurihormonal pituitary adenomas clinically secrete multiple hormones. The most common hormone combinations secreted by plurihormonal pituitary adenomas are growth hormone, prolactin, and one or more glycoprotein hormones.

The Relationship Between Thyroid Function and Body Composition, Leptin, Adiponectin, and Insulin Sensitivity in Morbidly Obese Euthyroid Subjects Compared to Non-obese Subjects.

Background/objectives: Thyroid function tests (TFTs) changes in obese people have been studied with increasing interest, however, studies have been inconsistent hence it remains poorly understood. We compared the TFTs of morbidly obese euthyroid Saudi subjects with non-obese controls and then we examined the influence of leptin, adiponectin, and insulin resistance on TFTs.

Subjects/methods: Fifty-five euthyroid obese subjects attending bariatric surgery clinic and 52 non-obese age-and gender-matched controls were recruited.

Physician' attitudes to growth hormone replacement therapy in adults following pituitary surgery: Results of an online survey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate physician attitudes and practices in the management of adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD) following pituitary surgery.

Materials And Methods: An online questionnaire survey was sent to a sample group of physicians.

Results: A total of 131 respondents provided usable responses.

Contemporary Management of Clinically Non-functioning Pituitary Adenomas: A Clinical Review.

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are benign pituitary tumours that constitute about one-third of all pituitary adenomas. They typically present with symptoms of mass effects resulting in hypopituitarism, visual symptoms, or headache. Most NFPAs are macroadenomas (>1 cm in diameter) at diagnosis that can occasionally grow quite large and invade the cavernous sinus causing acute nerve compression and some patients may develop acute haemorrhage due to pituitary apoplexy.

Clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of patients with acromegaly in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Acromegaly is a rare disease resulting in clinical sequelae with significant morbidity and mortality due to the central tumor mass effect and prolonged growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion.

Objectives: The goal is to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, presence of comorbidities, and treatment outcomes of acromegaly in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Data was collected through a retrospective review of the charts of all patients diagnosed with acromegaly from nine major hospitals in Saudi Arabia over a period of more than 25 years.

Schwannoma Misdiagnosed as Adrenal Adenoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Schwannoma is a benign neurogenic tumor originating from the neural sheath of Schwann cells. It is an extremely rare cause of adrenal adenoma which is very difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report the case of a right adrenal schwannoma discovered incidentally in a 62-year-old woman during evaluation of right flank pain.

Resistance to thyroid hormone-beta co-existing with partially empty sella in a Jordanian male.

Resistance to thyroid hormone-beta (RTHbeta) is a rare inherited syndrome characterized by variable reduced tissue responsiveness to the intracellular action of triiodothyronine (T3), the active form of the thyroid hormone. The presentation of RTHbeta is quite variable and mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (THR-B) gene have been detected in up to 90% of patients. The proband was a 34-year-old Jordanian male who presented with intermittent palpitations.

Management of acromegaly: an exploratory survey of physicians from the Middle East and North Africa.

Background: Worldwide variations exist in the diagnosis and management of patients with acromegaly. For such a rare condition, the knowledge and perception of physicians would most likely direct the care of patients. However, the adherence of physicians in non-Western regions to guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acromegaly has not been previously ascertained.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pituitary tumours in a single centre in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Pituitary tumours are slowly progressing tumours, mostly benign, with a reported global prevalence of 16.7% (22.5% in radiologic studies and 14.

Burkholderia gladioli associated abscess in a type 1 diabetic patient.

Burkholderia gladioli, a bacterial pathogen, causes a variety of infectious ailments in immunocompromised individuals. We present a case report of foreign body associated Burkholderia gladioli related abscess in an immunocompetent type 1 diabetic patient. Relevant medical literature is reviewed to understand this unusual mode of presentation of this bacterium in our patient.