Sustainability assessment of biofuel and value-added product from organic fraction of municipal solid waste.

The current study aims to examine the techno-economic and environmental assessment of biorefinery development within a circular bioeconomy context by using an organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by extraction of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins with 98, 51 and 62 % by mass of conversion efficiency and yield recovery, and value-added fractions production as well. Fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) and glycerol (biofuel) were produced by applying transesterification process, and the remaining biomass was converted into biocrude oil by thermal liquefication. The biorefinery using 613 kg of OFMSW produced biodiesel, glycerol, and bioethanol with 126 litter, 14.

Advancement in total hip implant: a comprehensive review of mechanics and performance parameters across diverse novelties.

The UK's National Joint Registry (NJR) and the American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR) of 2022 revealed that total hip replacement (THR) is the most common orthopaedic joint procedure. The NJR also noted that 10-20% of hip implants require revision within 1 to 10 years. Most of these revisions are a result of aseptic loosening, dislocation, implant wear, implant fracture, and joint incompatibility, which are all caused by implant geometry disparity.

Design and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Spiral Head-Stem Trunnion for Hip Implants Using Finite Element Analysis.

With an expectation of an increased number of revision surgeries and patients receiving orthopedic implants in the coming years, the focus of joint replacement research needs to be on improving the mechanical properties of implants. Head-stem trunnion fixation provides superior load support and implant stability. Fretting wear is formed at the trunnion because of the dynamic load activities of patients, and this eventually causes the total hip implant system to fail.

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Sensors for Hip Implant: A Numerical and Computational Feasibility Investigation Using Finite Element Methods.

In this paper, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor for hip implant geometry was proposed for the application of total hip replacement. A two-port SAW device was numerically investigated for implementation with an operating frequency of 872 MHz that can be used in more common radio frequency interrogator units. A finite element analysis of the device was developed for a lithium niobate (LiNBO3) substrate with a Rayleigh velocity of 3488 m/s on COMSOL Multiphysics.

A Review of Biomaterials and Associated Performance Metrics Analysis in Pre-Clinical Finite Element Model and in Implementation Stages for Total Hip Implant System.

Total hip replacement (THR) is a common orthopedic surgery technique that helps thousands of individuals to live normal lives each year. A hip replacement replaces the shattered cartilage and bone with an implant. Most hip implants fail after 10-15 years.

A Shallow U-Net Architecture for Reliably Predicting Blood Pressure (BP) from Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signals.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death around the world. To detect and treat heart-related diseases, continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring along with many other parameters are required. Several invasive and non-invasive methods have been developed for this purpose.

Multi-objective optimization of a biomass gasification to generate electricity and desalinated water using Grey Wolf Optimizer and artificial neural network.

In the current research, an innovative biomass-based energy system is proposed for power and desalinated water production. The plant's primary components consist of a gasifier, a compressor, a heat exchanger, a gas turbine, a combustion chamber, and a Multi-effect desalination with thermal vapor compression (MED-TVC) unit. A comprehensive thermodynamic and thermoeconomic assessment is conducted on the proposed system.

Angle-insensitive co-polarized metamaterial absorber based on equivalent circuit analysis for dual band WiFi applications.

A novel and systematic procedure to design a co-polarized electromagnetic metamaterial (MM) absorber with desired outputs and resonance frequencies for dual-band WiFi signal absorption is presented. The desired resonance frequencies with expected S parameters' values were first designed as an equivalent circuit with extensive analysis and then implemented into frequency-selective MM absorber by numerical simulation with precise LRC elements, satisfying least unit cell area (0.08λ), substrate thickness (0.

Detection and Severity Classification of COVID-19 in CT Images Using Deep Learning.

Detecting COVID-19 at an early stage is essential to reduce the mortality risk of the patients. In this study, a cascaded system is proposed to segment the lung, detect, localize, and quantify COVID-19 infections from computed tomography images. An extensive set of experiments were performed using Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Networks (ED-CNNs), UNet, and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN), with different backbone (encoder) structures using the variants of DenseNet and ResNet.

Review on Medical Implantable Antenna Technology and Imminent Research Challenges.

Implantable antennas are mandatory to transfer data from implants to the external world wirelessly. Smart implants can be used to monitor and diagnose the medical conditions of the patient. The dispersion of the dielectric constant of the tissues and variability of organ structures of the human body absorb most of the antenna radiation.

Tribo-mechanical properties evaluation of HA/TiO/CNT nanocomposite.

In this study, a combination of reverse microemulsion and hydrothermal techniques were used to synthesize HA. A hydrothermal method was used to synthesize HA/TiO/CNT nanocomposite powders. Cold and hot isostatic pressing techniques were used to fabricate tablet-shaped samples.

Supercapacitor performance of porous nickel cobaltite nanosheets.

In this work, nickel cobaltite (NiCoO) nanosheets with a porous structure were fabricated on nickel foam as a working electrode for supercapacitor applications. The nanosheets were fabricated by electrochemical deposition of nickel-cobalt hydroxide on the nickel foam substrate at ambient temperature in a three-electrode cell followed by annealing at 300 °C to transform the coating into a porous NiCoO nanosheet. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed a three-dimensional mesoporous structure, which facilitates ion transport and electronic conduction for fast redox reactions.

Elastic Wave Characteristics of Graphene Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposite Curved Beams Including Thickness Stretching Effect.

This work aims at analyzing elastic wave characteristics in a polymeric nanocomposite curved beam reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). GNPs are adopted as a nanofiller inside the matrix to enhance the effective properties, which are approximated through Halpin-Tasi model and a modified rule of mixture. A higher-order shear deformation theory accounting for thickness stretching and the general strain gradient model to have both nonlocality and strain gradient size-dependency phenomena are adopted to model the nanobeam.

Solar still desalination system equipped with paraffin as phase change material: exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization.

The current work is about analysis and multi-objective optimization (MOO) of weir-type solar still systems equipped with phase change material (PCM) regarding the exergetic and economic performance. To do so, the energetic and exergetic modeling of the suggested system is conducted then the substantial economic factors is applied to obtain the total cost rate of the considered SSDS. The total exergetic efficiency and total annual cost (TAC) is considered objective functions.

Finite Element Analysis of the Mechanism of Traumatic Aortic Rupture (TAR).

As many as 80% of patients with TAR die on the spot while out of those reaching a hospital, 30% would die within 24 hours. Thus, it is essential to better understand and prevent this injury. The exact mechanics of TAR are unknown.

Synthesis and Characterization of a NiCoO@NiCoO Hierarchical Mesoporous Nanoflake Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications.

In this study, we synthesized binder-free NiCoO@NiCoO nanostructured materials on nickel foam (NF) by combined hydrothermal and cyclic voltammetry deposition techniques followed by calcination at 350 °C to attain high-performance supercapacitors. The hierarchical porous NiCoO@NiCoO structure, facilitating faster mass transport, exhibited good cycling stability of 83.6% after 5000 cycles and outstanding specific capacitance of 1398.

Supercapacitor Performance of Nickel-Cobalt Sulfide Nanotubes Decorated Using Ni Co-Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets Grown in Situ on Ni Foam.

In this study, to fabricate a non-binder electrode, we grew nickel-cobalt sulfide (NCS) nanotubes (NTs) on a Ni foam substrate using a hydrothermal method through a two-step approach, namely in situ growth and an anion-exchange reaction. This was followed by the electrodeposition of double-layered nickel-cobalt hydroxide (NCOH) over a nanotube-coated substrate to fabricate NCOH core-shell nanotubes. The final product is called NCS@NCOH herein.

Properties Investigation of GO/HA/Pt Composite Thin Film.

Hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide/platinum (HA/GO/Pt) nanocomposite was synthesized and electrodeposited on a pure zirconium substrate. The coated zirconium was annealed at 200, 300, 400, and 600°C in vacuum furnace in presence of argon gas. The structure and morphology of the coated samples were characterized.