Antibiotic sensitivity profile of bacterial isolates from stool samples among children below five years in Murang'a County, Kenya.

Introduction: the discovery of antibiotics led to the optimistic belief of completely eradicating infectious diseases during the golden era following their discovery. Countries are grappling with the burden of microbial resistance bringing a near paralysis of all facets of mankind. Enterobacteriaceae and other hard-to-treat Gram-negative bacteria have become resistant to nearly all antibiotic options available, and this is a bad taste in the fight against microbial resistance.

Etiology and pathogenicity of bacterial isolates: a cross sectional study among diarrheal children below five years in central regions of Kenya.

Introduction: Bacterial agents are among pathogens implicated to cause diarrhea in children resulting to huge mortality and morbidities. Bacterial etiologies causing diarrhea in children below five years are rarely investigated in Central Kenya, which would otherwise guide prescription and target health education.

Methods: A cross-sectional study approach was applied on 163 randomly selected stool samples from children below five years who presented with diarrhea in Murang`a and Muriranja`s hospitals.

Fishermen as a Suitable Population for HIV Intervention Trials.

Background. Suitable populations to sustain continued evaluation of HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention interventions are required. We sought to determine whether fishermen are a suitable population for HIV intervention trials.

Pathogenic Escherichia coli and food handlers in luxury hotels in Nairobi, Kenya.

Background: The epidemiology and virulence properties of pathogenic Escherichia coli among food handlers in tourist destination hotels in Kenya are largely uncharacterized.

Method: This cross-sectional study among consenting 885 food handlers working in nine luxurious tourist hotels in Nairobi, Kenya determined the epidemiology, virulence properties, antibiotics susceptibility profiles and conjugation abilities of pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Result: Pathogenic Escherichia coli was detected among 39 (4.

Performance of HSV-2 type specific serological tests in men in Kenya.

This study compared five serological tests with Western blot from University of Washington to determine the most accurate method for detecting antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in a male population in Kisumu, Kenya. A random sample of 250 fishermen from 18 beaches along Lake Victoria underwent serological testing by two generations of the HerpeSelect HSV-2 ELISA ("Focus Gen 1" and "Focus Gen 2"), Kalon HSV-2 ELISA ("Kalon"), Biokit HSV-2 Rapid Test ("Biokit"), and HerpeSelect Express Rapid HSV-2 ("Express") against the Western blot test ("WB") as the "gold standard". Sensitivity and specificity of tests in this population with a high prevalence of HSV-2 (58% by WB) were: Focus Gen 1: 98.

Detection of trypanosomes in small ruminants and pigs in western Kenya: important reservoirs in the epidemiology of sleeping sickness?

Background: Trypanosomosis is a major impediment to livestock farming in sub-Saharan Africa and limits the full potential of agricultural development in the 36 countries where it is endemic. In man, sleeping sickness is fatal if untreated and causes severe morbidity. This study was undertaken in western Kenya, an area that is endemic for both human and livestock trypanosomosis.