Phytochemical and pharmacological profile of genus A review of the recent literature.

In tropical Southeast Asia, is the most economically important tree and the largest genus in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It comprises about 150-200 species, of which majority are distributed in Malaysia, with others found in Sumatra and Borneo (Kalimantan) in Indonesia. Research on the chemical constituents of plants has been ongoing for many years.

COVID-19, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report and Clinical Considerations.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious condition that can result in numerous negative outcomes including death. The underlying causes of AP are varied, with both COVID-19 and hypertriglyceridemia being documented in the medical literature. Here, we present the case of a young man with a pre-existing diagnosis of prediabetes and class 1 obesity who developed severe hypertriglyceridemia, AP, and mild diabetic ketoacidosis while concurrently infected with COVID-19.

Biochemical evaluation and molecular docking assessment of glucosamines from Neocarya macrophylla fruits against Naja nigricollis venom.

Two new glucosamines, Microphyllose A and B were isolated from the chloroform fraction of Neocarya macrophylla fruit using flash column chromatography. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on chemical tests and the analysis of their spectral data (IR, 1D- & 2D-NMR). The compounds have demonstrated significant (p < 0.

Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration for Solid Lesions in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) are at a higher risk of developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared the general population with an estimated 5% risk of developing pancreatic cancer in 20 years. Endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of solid pancreatic lesions (SPL) has an excellent sensitivity (85-90%) and specificity (98-100%) for diagnosing pancreatic malignancy. However, data on the performance characteristics of EUS-FNA in CP are mixed.

Successful Trial of Octreotide and Ketorolac for the Management of Increased Biliary Drain Output: A Case Report.

We describe a 69-year-old male patient with the status of obstructive jaundice post percutaneous biliary drainage for prior obstructive jaundice and who presented with a complaint of generalized weakness and increased output from the drainage tube. The patient developed worsening jaundice, which was noted to be obstructive in nature with a marked dilatation of the biliary tree and a distal obstruction of the common bile duct. Subsequently, a percutaneous biliary drain was placed for symptomatic management.

A Rare Case of Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Transforming into Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) is a low grade B-cell lymphoma that develops from the lungs, intestinal tract, salivary gland, and other organs and is included under extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. When a primary pulmonary MALToma develops from bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), it is called BALT lymphoma (BALToma). The etiology of MALToma is not clear; however, an association between chronic inflammatory conditions and BALToma has been observed.

Performance evaluation of BD FACSPresto™ point of care CD4 analyzer to enumerate CD4 counts for monitoring HIV infected individuals in Nigeria.

Background: Despite the upsurge in support and intervention of donor agencies in HIV care and treatment programing in Sub-Sahara African, antiretroviral (ART) programs are still confronted with access and coverage challenges which influence enrolment of new patients. This study investigated the validity of point of care BD FACSPresto™ CD4 analyzer for CD4+ cell count, overall agreement, correlation, sensitivity, and specificity in comparison to a reference standard flow cytometry method. We also assessed the feasibility of use among non-laboratorians.

Isolation of bergenin from the root bark of Securinega virosa and evaluation of its potential sleep promoting effect.

Objectives: Securinega virosa Roxb (Ex Willd) Baill (Euphorbaiceae) root bark has been reportedly used in African traditional medicine in the management of mental illnesses. Previously, the sleep-inducing potential of the crude methanol root bark of Securinega virosa extract and its butanol fraction have been reported. The study aimed to isolate and characterize the bioactive constituent that may be responsible for the sleep inducing property of the root of the plant.

A New Antimicrobial Prenylated Benzo-lactone from the Rhizome of Cissus cornifolia.

Background: Medicinal plants remain one of the largest reservoirs of new bioactive compounds. In this study, a new prenylated benzo-lactone (4, 6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-3-(1, 2, 3, 4, 5-pentahydroxypentyl)-2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one) was isolated from the acetone extracts of the rhizome of Cissus cornifolia. The antimicrobial activity of the compound was evaluated against some microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans.

Phytochemical screening and anticonvulsant studies of ethyl acetate fraction of Globimetula braunii on laboratory animals.

Objective: To investigate the phytochemical properties and the anticonvulsant potential of the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of ethanol leaf extract of Globimetula braunii, a plant used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of epilepsy.

Methods: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocol while the anticonvulsant activity was studied using maximal electroshock test in chicks, pentylenetetrazole and 4-aminopyridine-induced seizures in mice.

Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening carried out on the crude ethanol extract revealed the presence of saponins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones and steroids.

The first report of Histophilus somni pneumonia in Nigerian dairy cattle.

Clinical signs of severe bronchopneumonia, including anorexia, coughing, nasal discharge, dyspnoea, diarrhoea, distension of the neck, lethargy, recumbency, lameness preceding collapse, and death were observed among a herd of Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle. The outbreak occurred over a 30-day period, and attack and case-fatality rates were 0.4% and 50%, respectively.

Monteggia fracture-dislocation: a case report, its' initial management and review of bado's classification.

Fracture of proximal ulna and dislocation of the proximal radio-ulna joint in the same arm is called Monteggia fracture- dislocation. Four clinical variants of this fracture- dislocation have been described in literature. This is a report and description of initial management of a fracture- dislocation, which was consequent to a sideswipe injury and consisted of a combination of the following injuries; lateral dislocation of the radial head, fractures of the olecranon and proximal ulna in the left forearm.