Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally linked to a subset of oropharyngeal cancers in Western populations, and both oropharyngeal cancer and oral HPV infection are increased among HIV-positive individuals. India has high incidences of oral and oropharyngeal cancers, and Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) may be at increased risk of developing oropharyngeal cancers. However, there is little information available on the prevalence of oral HPV in this population.

Mental health and gender transitioning among individuals: a qualitative approach using the minority stress model.

This study used the minority stress model to explore experiences of gender transitioning among (trans woman) individuals in Mumbai, India. It used a qualitative life history calendar approach to examine transitioning as a critical life experience in a chronological manner. Twenty hijra-identified persons were recruited using purposive snowball sampling and interviewed at a community-based organisation.

Humanizing an Invisible Population in India: Voices from Bisexual Men Concerning Identity, Life Experiences, and Sexual Health.

Research examining the sexual identities, behaviors, and experiences of bisexual men outside of Western contexts (including in India) is limited. Individuals who self-identify as bisexual due to their orientation toward partners of more than one gender face distinct psychosocial challenges relative to exclusively heterosexual, gay/lesbian, or other individuals. We conducted four focus group discussions (n = 22) and in-depth interviews (n = 50) with self-identified bisexual men (age 18 years and older) who were recruited from the metropolitan area of Mumbai, India, between June and August 2013.

Understanding How Sexual and Gender Minority Stigmas Influence Depression Among Trans Women and Men Who Have Sex with Men in India.

Purpose: Few studies have assessed how sexual and gender minority stigmas affect the mental health of trans women and self-identified men who have sex with men (MSM) in India, populations with a high HIV burden. We tested whether social support and resilient coping act as mediators of the effect of sexual and gender minority stigmas on depression as proposed by Hatzenbuehler's psychological mediation framework, or as moderators based on Meyer's minority stress theory.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among trans women (n = 300) and MSM (n = 300) recruited from urban and rural sites in India.

Sexual Relationships, Behaviors, and Experiences among Bisexual Men in Mumbai, India.

This exploratory study aimed to assess a range of sexual behaviors, relationships and related factors among a sample of bisexual men in Mumbai, India. Data collection occurred in two separate phases: 1. focus group discussions were facilitated with local community members in order to finalize an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and 2.

Differing Identities but Comparably High HIV and Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Disease Burdens Among Married and Unmarried Men Who Have Sex With Men in Mumbai, India.

Background: Although HIV incidence has declined in India, men and transgender women who have sex with men (MSM) continue to have high rates of HIV and sexually transmitted disease (STD). Indian MSM face substantial pressures to marry and have families, but the HIV/STD burden among married Indian MSM is not well characterized.

Methods: A diverse sample of Indian MSM were recruited through respondent-driven sampling.

Prevalence of Anal HPV Infection Among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men in India.

Background: India has a large population of HIV-positive individuals, including men who have sex with men (MSM), and the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers is high. In developed countries, HIV-positive MSM exhibit the highest prevalence of anal HPV infection and incidence of anal cancer. Little is known about anal HPV infection in HIV-positive Indian MSM.

The other side of the bridge: exploring the sexual relationships of men who have sex with men and their female partners in Mumbai, India.

Behaviourally bisexual men have been identified as a 'bridge' population of HIV transmission to heterosexual women in India. Little is known about the sexual relationships that these men have with their female sex partners. The primary objective of this study was to explore the sexual practices and relationship dynamics between married and unmarried behaviourally bisexual men and their female sex partners in Mumbai, India.

Psychosocial risk factors for HIV sexual risk among Indian men who have sex with men.

Indian men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk for HIV compared to the general Indian population. Psychosocial factors may be uniquely associated with HIV risk among Indian MSM and may moderate the beneficial impact of standard HIV prevention approaches. Psychiatric diagnostic interviews and psychosocial and sexual risk assessments were conducted among 150 MSM in Mumbai, India.

Married men who have sex with men: the bridge to HIV prevention in Mumbai, India.

Objectives: The present study compared the sexual behaviours of married and unmarried men, in Mumbai, India, who have sex with men.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis (comparing socio-demographic, behavioural and clinical data) of 88 married and 423 unmarried MSM.

Results: Even though MSM are single at younger ages, they are more likely to be married later in life and carry their risky sexual behaviours to this changed social milieu.