PTGER4 signaling regulates class IIa HDAC function and SPINK4 mRNA levels in rectal epithelial cells.

Background: The prostaglandin receptor PTGER4 facilitates homeostasis in the gut. Previous reports indicate that goblet cells, marked by SPINK4 expression, might be affected by PTGER4 activity. Current evidence suggests that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) produced by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) stimulates PTGER4 in epithelial cells during inflammatory conditions.

Bio-functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles: Potential toxicity impact on freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio.

There is a growing concern nowadays over the exposure of nanomaterials and their effects in aquatic life. In spite of reporting the changes in physiology, reproduction and behaviour in fish by different nanoparticles, the molecular events underlying in the aquatic bodies due to the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are mainly unexplored. Therefore, the present study carried out an ex vivo exposure of ZnO NPs at various concentrations (0.

Ileal Derived Organoids From Crohn's Disease Patients Show Unique Transcriptomic and Secretomic Signatures.

Background & Aims: We used patient-derived organoids (PDOs) to study the epithelial-specific transcriptional and secretome signatures of the ileum during Crohn's disease (CD) with varying phenotypes to screen for disease profiles and potential druggable targets.

Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on isolated intestinal crypts and 3-week-old PDOs derived from ileal biopsies of CD patients (n = 8 B1, inflammatory; n = 8 B2, stricturing disease) and non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) controls (n = 13). Differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified by comparing CD vs control, B1 vs B2, and inflamed vs non-inflamed.

Characterization of Hen's Egg White To Use It as a Novel Platform To Culture Three-Dimensional Multicellular Tumor Spheroids.

We are standardizing protocols to develop egg white (EW) as a cost-effective platform for culture of three-dimensional (3-D) multicellular tumor spheroids for application in understanding tumor microenvironments and drug screening. In this article, we describe several physical and physiological characteristics of EW to use it as 3-D cell culture platform. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of different microstructures.

Clinically important microbial diversity and its antibiotic resistance pattern towards various drugs.

Background: Increased use of antibiotics in poultry leads to the development of antimicrobial resistance among the commensal bacterium of broiler chickens.

Objective: In this study, we aimed at studying the effect of periodic administration of therapeutic antibiotics against the bacterial diversity in poultry litters collected from broiler chickens.

Methods: Poultry litters were collected randomly at regular intervals after administration of antibiotics (1st, 12th and 22nd day) to the chicken.

Ecotoxicological assessment of cobalt using Hydra model: ROS, oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis as mechanisms of toxicity.

The mechanisms underlying cobalt toxicity in aquatic species in general and cnidarians in particular remain poorly understood. Herein we investigated cobalt toxicity in a Hydra model from morphological, histological, developmental, and molecular biological perspectives. Hydra, exposed to cobalt (0-60 mg/L), were altered in morphology, histology, and regeneration.

Hydra as a model organism to decipher the toxic effects of copper oxide nanorod: Eco-toxicogenomics approach.

Nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful field of applied research. However, the potential toxicity of nano-materials is a cause of concern. A thorough toxicological investigation is required before a nanomaterial is evaluated for application of any kind.

ROS dependent copper toxicity in Hydra-biochemical and molecular study.

Copper, an essential microelement, is known to be toxic to aquatic life at concentrations higher than that could be tolerated. Copper-induced oxidative stress has been documented in vitro, yet the in vivo effects of metal-induced oxidative stress have not been extensively studied in the lower invertebrates. The objective of the present study has been to find the effect of ROS-mediated toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of copper at organismal and cellular levels in Hydra magnipapillata.