Idiopathic pulmonary vein thrombosis: an under-recognised source of embolic stroke.

Embolic stroke due to pulmonary vein thrombosis is rare but may be associated with lung and left atrial tumours, pulmonary surgery, atrial fibrillation and radiofrequency ablation. It is very rarely idiopathic. A 23-year-old man developed acute onset of a left partial third nerve palsy and left ataxic hemiparesis.

Coloarticular Fistula as a Long-Term Sequela of the Hartmann Procedure.

Coloarticular fistula is a rare complication of the Hartmann procedure, reported in the literature only a few times. Risk factors may include underlying colonic malignancy and other proinflammatory conditions. Herein, we describe the case of a 78-year-old female with a recent history of total hip replacement, misdiagnosed Crohn's disease, and a Hartmann procedure for perforated diverticulitis who developed a psoas abscess.

A survey of the prevalence and patterns of neuropsychological assessment practices across epilepsy surgery centers in India: Toward establishing a national guideline.

Neuropsychology plays an important role in optimizing epilepsy management, but there are no practice guidelines for low- and middle-income countries with emerging services. The National Epilepsy Surgery Support Activity Network (NESSAN), a national working group that supports and optimizes epilepsy surgery programs in India, explored the present status of pre- and post epilepsy surgery neuropsychological assessment practices across India as an initial step in developing national evidence-based test guidelines. An online survey was conducted using two questionnaires, one for neurologists and the second for neuropsychologists and speech-language pathologists working in epilepsy surgery centers.

IgG4-Related Neurological Disease: A Single Center Ambispective Study from South India.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated multi-system disorder. The nervous system (IgG4-RND) is rarely affected. We describe a short case series.

Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as an Isolated Brain Lesion 6 Years After Treatment.

Intracranial metastasis is a rare sequela of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), typically presenting within the first 2 years after primary tumor detection. Our patient is a 72-year-old man diagnosed with an EAC in 2015 and presented with recurrence of a distant solitary brain lesion approximately 6 years after the initial diagnosis. Histological diagnosis was confirmed as EAC with all relevant indicators.

Understanding the impacts of rural hospital closures: A scoping review.

Purpose: Rural hospitals are closing at unprecedented rates, with hundreds more at risk of closure in the coming 2 years. Multiple federal policies are being developed and implemented without a salient understanding of the emerging literature evaluating rural hospital closures and its impacts. We conducted a scoping review to understand the impacts of rural hospital closure to inform ongoing policy debates and research.

First-Ever Ischemic Stroke In Covid-19: How Is It Different? - A Stroke Registry-Based Study From South India.

Stroke associated with COVID-19 has been characterised in several multicentre retrospective studies and meta-analyses. However, they did not distinguish first-ever ischemic strokes (F-AIS). Therefore, we aimed to study the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of a cohort of F-AIS associated with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic and compare this cohort with those of F-AIS without COVID-19, COVID-19 without stroke.

Epilepsy Due to Solitary Calcified Cysticercus Granuloma.

The calcified stage of the neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the common cause of acquired epilepsy in low and middle income countries in people aged > 20 years. Approximately 30% of adult onset seizures and epilepsy are attributable to NCC. In India and some of the Latin American countries, epilepsy due to solitary calcified NCC is the common adult onset epilepsy.

Improved Diagnosis through Diastolic Hyperemia-Free Ratio (DFR) over Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) in Intermediate Coronary Lesions.

Objectives: To compare the fractional flow reserve (FFR) and diastolic hyperemia-free ratio (DFR) measurements in a population with intermediate coronary artery stenosis and improve the diagnosis.

Background: Visual assessment of coronary artery stenosis severity, particularly in intermediate lesions, is prone to errors in decision-making. FFR provides a reliable assessment of functional severity in these cases but requires hyperemia induction by adenosine, which has side effects and increased cost.

Position statement from the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, Cardiological Society of India, Indian Academy of Neurology and Vascular Society of India on gastrointestinal bleeding and endoscopic procedures in patients on antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy.

Antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents (collectively known as antithrombotic agents) are used to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with conditions such as atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, recurrent stroke prevention, deep vein thrombosis, hypercoagulable states and endoprostheses. Antithrombotic-associated gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is an increasing burden due to the growing population of advanced age with multiple comorbidities and the expanding indications for the use of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants. GI bleeding in antithrombotic users is associated with an increase in short-term and long-term mortality.

Study of Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndrome and Its Recovery in Critically Ill Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre in South India.

Background And Objectives: Transient thyroid hormone alterations are common during critical illness and are termed non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS). We studied the prevalence of NTIS in the ICU setting and its impact on predicting mortality and other outcomes and compared it to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score.

Materials And Methods: The study included 119 consecutive patients admitted with a critical illness.

Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: how is it different? a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Purpose: An association between Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination has been reported. We aimed to summarize the clinical features of GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and determine the contrasting features from coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) associated GBS and GBS following other causes.

Materials And Methods: We performed PubMed search for articles published between 1 December 2020 and 27 January 2022 using search terms related to "SARS-CoV-2 vaccination" and "GBS".

Clinical Improvement in Depression and Cognitive Deficit Following Electroconvulsive Therapy.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a long-standing treatment choice for disorders such as depression when pharmacological treatments have failed. However, a major drawback of ECT is its cognitive side effects. While numerous studies have investigated the therapeutic effects of ECT and its mechanism, much less research has been conducted regarding the mechanism behind the cognitive side effects of ECT.

Safety and Efficacy of OPN Balloon in Patients With Calcified Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Patients with symptomatic calcified coronary lesions have poor outcomes. Such lesions require additional atherectomy devices for bed preparation.

Aim: To assess the safety and efficacy of OPN balloon in patients with calcified coronary lesions.

The Fabrication of Gelatin-Elastin-Nanocellulose Composite Bioscaffold as a Potential Acellular Skin Substitute.

Gelatin usage in scaffold fabrication is limited due to its lack of enzymatic and thermal resistance, as well as its mechanical weakness. Hence, gelatin requires crosslinking and reinforcement with other materials. This study aimed to fabricate and characterise composite scaffolds composed of gelatin, elastin, and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and crosslinked with genipin.

Diagnosis and Severity Evaluation of Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow by Ultrasonography: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Traditional diagnostic techniques such as clinical examination and electrodiagnosis are less sensitive in diagnosing ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). Ultrasonography (USG) is increasingly being used to diagnose UNE. However, clinical applicability is limited by the lack of uniformity in the previous studies.

Case report: Surgical resection of a retro-hepatic leiomyosarcoma involving atrial reconstruction, cardiopulmonary bypass, tumor resection, and liver re-implantation.

Introduction: Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) involving the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a clinically rare entity, accounting for approximately 0.5% of all adult sarcomas.

Case Presentation: A 67-year-old male presented to the emergency department with mild back and lower abdominal pain.

Effects of Roxb. on hypertension and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are among the most prevalent diseases affecting people from all walks of life. Medicinal herbs have garnered interest as potential agents for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and hypertension due to their multiple beneficial effects. Roxb.