Intakes of Unprocessed and Minimally Processed and Ultraprocessed Food Are Associated with Diet Quality in Female and Male Health Professionals in the United States: A Prospective Analysis.

Background: High unprocessed and minimally processed food (UMP) intake has been associated with high-quality diets, whereas the opposite has been shown for ultraprocessed food (UPF). Nevertheless, the association between UMP and UPF consumption and diet quality over the long-term warrants further examination.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether UMP and UPF intake are associated with three diet-quality metrics in female and male health professionals from two US cohorts over 3 decades of follow-up.

Impact of educational level and travel burden on breast cancer stage at diagnosis in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

We describe the characteristics of cases of breast cancer among women assisted at hospitals affiliated to the public health system in the state of São Paulo (Brazil), analysing the effects of level of education and travel burden to point of treatment. We conducted a retrospective analysis of invasive breast cancer among women diagnosed between 2000 and 2015. Data were extracted from the hospital-based cancer registries of Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo-FOSP.

Impact of the Dry Law on road traffic mortality in Brazilian states: an interrupted time series analysis.

Objective: To assess the impact of 2008 Public Law number 11,705, also known as Dry Law (DL-08), on mortality from road traffic accidents (RTA), in each of the 27 Brazilian Federative Units (BFUs).

Methods: Ecological study of interrupted time series with RTA data from 2002 to 2015, totalizing 168 months. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and from the National Traffic Department.

Metformin for the treatment of breast cancer: protocol for a scoping review of randomised clinical trials.

Introduction: Innovation through the repurposing of generic drugs encloses several advantages when compared with the process of developing new drugs from scratch. Metformin is an established and inexpensive antidiabetic drug for which anticancer properties have been hypothesised. A systematic review of observational studies found promising results for metformin related to breast cancer in women with diabetes.

Translation and cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and reliability assessment.

Introduction: The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a tool that was initially developed to predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. This tool is simple, quick to apply, non-invasive, and low-cost. The aims of this study were to perform a translation and cultural adaptation of the original version of FINDRISC into Brazilian Portuguese and to assess test-retest reliability.

Factors associated with time interval between the onset of symptoms and first medical visit in women with breast cancer.

Women presenting with advanced breast cancer tumors are common in Brazil. Little is known about factors contributing to the delay in seeking care. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with longer time intervals between the onset of breast cancer symptoms and the first medical visit in the Federal District, Brazil.

Clinical pathways of breast cancer patients treated in the Federal District, Brazil.

Objective: To identify the clinical pathways of women with breast cancer treated in public hospitals, and to analyze the factors that influence the time interval between the first appointment and the start of therapy.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 women with breast cancer treated in nine public hospitals in the Brazilian Federal District. Patients were interviewed between September 2012 and September 2014.

Identification of a Three-Biomarker Panel in Urine for Early Detection of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are currently not available. Here, we aimed to identify a set of urine proteins able to distinguish patients with early-stage PDAC from healthy individuals.

Experimental Design: Proteomes of 18 urine samples from healthy controls, chronic pancreatitis, and patients with PDAC (six/group) were assayed using GeLC/MS/MS analysis.

The effect of smoking on prostate cancer survival: a cohort analysis in Barcelona.

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of smoking on prostate cancer-specific mortality and all-cause mortality. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 1109 patients with prostate cancer diagnosed from 1992 to 2008, identified through the Hospital del Mar Cancer Registry (Barcelona, Spain). Information on smoking habits was retrieved from clinical records and patients were classified into three categories: never smoker, exsmoker and current smoker.

[Development and validation of an algorithm to identify cancer recurrences from hospital data bases].

Objectives: Hospital cancer registries and hospital databases are valuable and efficient sources of information for research into cancer recurrences. The aim of this study was to develop and validate algorithms for the detection of breast cancer recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on breast cancer cases from the cancer registry of a third level university hospital diagnosed between 2003 and 2009.

Lymphedema Predictor Factors after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Survival Analysis.

Background: Factors associated with lymphedema development after breast cancer surgery are not well established. The purpose is to assess the value of patient, disease and treatment-related factors predicting lymphedema development.

Methods And Results: This study included 371 women with primary invasive breast cancer treated surgically between 2005 and 2009 with follow-up until December 2011.

Short- and long-term survival after stroke in hospitalized patients in Chile: a nationwide 5-year study.

Background: Short- and long-term stroke survival is a key indicator of hospital performance in stroke care. Our aim was to estimate short- and long-term survival rates in discharged patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke in Chile in a 5-year period and identify associated variables.

Materials And Methods: We included all discharged patients from all hospitals in Chile with main diagnosis of ischemic stroke from 2003 to 2007, which were identified through the National Hospital Discharge Registry.

Colorectal cancer survival: results from a hospital-based cancer registry.

Introduction: colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in developed countries. Data on specific and 10-year survival are scarce. This study analyzes overall and disease-specific survival for patients with colorectal cancer and assesses the value of clinical factors on disease-specific survival.

Inter- and intraradiologist variability in the BI-RADS assessment and breast density categories for screening mammograms.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate reader variability in screening mammograms according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) assessment and breast density categories.

Methods: A stratified random sample of 100 mammograms was selected from a population-based breast cancer screening programme in Barcelona, Spain: 13 histopathologically confirmed breast cancers and 51 with true-negative and 36 with false-positive results. 21 expert radiologists from radiological units of breast cancer screening programmes in Catalonia, Spain, reviewed the mammography images twice within a 6-month interval.

Factors affecting 5- and 10-year survival of women with breast cancer: an analysis based on a public general hospital in Barcelona.

Background: Data from a long-established hospital-based cancer registry were used to analyse the relationship between clinical and organisational factors and disease-specific survival among women with primary breast cancer.

Methods: 2023 women with incident invasive breast cancer diagnosed from 1992 to 2005 were identified through the Hospital del Mar Cancer Registry (Barcelona, Spain). Patients were followed until December 2008.

Aggressiveness features and outcomes of true interval cancers: comparison between screen-detected and symptom-detected cancers.

The question of whether screen detection confers an additional survival benefit in breast cancer is unclear and subject to several biases. Our aim was to examine the role of the diagnostic method (screen-detected, symptom-detected, and true interval cancers) and the clinical-pathological features in relapse-free survival and overall survival in breast cancer patients. We included 228 invasive breast cancers diagnosed in Barcelona from 1996 to 2008 among women aged 50-69 years.

The psychological impact of a false-positive screening mammogram in Barcelona.

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the psychological impact of mammographic screening for women who receive negative results and for those who need additional non-invasive and invasive complementary investigations to exclude breast cancer (false positives). One hundred fifty women who attended a breast cancer screening programme in Barcelona, aged 50-69 years, were included in this study: 50 with negative results and 100 with false positive mammograms (50 underwent non-invasive and 50 underwent invasive complementary investigations). Participants worried little until they underwent mammography, but worries increased when a telephone call notified the women of the need for further testing.

Effect of false-positive results on reattendance at breast cancer screening programmes in Spain.

Background: Mammography is the only breast screening method, we are aware of today, which is able to reduce mortality from breast cancer. Nevertheless, this procedure carries an inherent risk of false-positive screening mammogram. The association between these results and reattendance at the next scheduled screening mammogram is controversial.

Diagnosis delay and follow-up strategies in colorectal cancer. Prognosis implications: a study protocol.

Background: Controversy exists with regard to the impact that the different components of diagnosis delay may have on the degree of invasion and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. The follow-up strategies after treatment also vary considerably. The aims of this study are: a) to determine if the symptoms-to-diagnosis interval and the treatment delay modify the survival of patients with colorectal cancer, and b) to determine if different follow-up strategies are associated with a higher survival rate.

Assessing screening practices among health care workers at a tertiary-care hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To ascertain the extent to which screening procedures (with and without evidence of effectiveness) are practiced among health care workers at a tertiary-care hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: From February 2001 to September 2003, a cross-sectional study involving physicians, nurses and nursing assistants (aged 40 to 69 years) was carried out at a tertiary-care hospital in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire that addresses 17 procedures with grades of recommendation of A, B, C, D or E, in accordance with the 1996 United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for routine screening.

Early identification of leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome by use of a validated prediction model.

Objective: To identify prediction factors for the development of leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (LPHS).

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study. The study comprised of 203 patients, aged > or =14 years, admitted with complications of the severe form of leptospirosis at the Emílio Ribas Institute of Infectology (Sao Paulo, Brazil) between 1998 and 2004.

Genetic susceptibility to distinct bladder cancer subphenotypes.

Background: Clinical, pathologic, and molecular evidence indicate that bladder cancer is heterogeneous with pathologic/molecular features that define distinct subphenotypes with different prognoses. It is conceivable that specific patterns of genetic susceptibility are associated with particular subphenotypes.

Objective: To examine evidence for the contribution of germline genetic variation to bladder cancer heterogeneity.

The inherited genetic component of sporadic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic cancer, like many other complex diseases, has genetic and environmental components to its etiology. It is likely that relatively common genetic variants with modest effects on pancreatic cancer risk play an important role in both familial and sporadic forms of the disease, either individually or in interaction with environmental factors. The relatively high frequency of such variants means that they could potentially explain a substantial portion of disease risk.