Use of the 445-nm Blue Laser for Management of Early Glottic Carcinoma: Preliminary 1-Year Results.

Objective: To analyze oncological efficacy and voice outcomes of the 445-nm blue laser (BL) in the treatment of early glottic carcinoma and compare results with the 532-nm potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser.

Study Design: Single institution, retrospective chart review.

Methods: All patients who underwent microlaryngoscopic KTP or BL laser excision of early glottic carcinoma from 2018 to the present day with at least 1-year follow-up were included.

Dysphagia as a predictor of voice handicap and voice restoration in unilateral vocal fold immobility.

Objective: Dysphagia is multifactorial in unilateral vocal fold immobility (UVFI). Severe dysphagia could indicate greater functional deficits in UVFI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of dysphagia with the need for surgical voice restoration in patients with UVFI.

Association of Sociodemographic Factors on the Presentation and Management of Unilateral Vocal Fold Immobility.

Objective: To determine the association of social determinants of health (SDOH) on the presentation and management of unilateral vocal fold immobility (UVFI).

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 207 adult UVFI patients evaluated at a tertiary-care hospital between 2018 and 2019 was performed. Sociodemographic factors including gender, median household income, preferred language, and insurance type were recorded.

Airway fires in otolaryngologic surgery: A database review.

Purpose: An estimated 34 % of reported operating room fires involve the airway. Despite the inherent risks in otolaryngologic surgery, education regarding prevention and management of airway fires is limited in graduate medical training. One contributing factor is a lack of reporting of such rare events in our literature.

HPV+ Oropharyngeal Cancer in Waldenström Macroglobulinemia.

We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the setting of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). A 68-year-old male and daily marijuana smoker with recently diagnosed WM presented via telemedicine in 2020 for a progressively worsening sore throat and unintentional weight loss. Immunotherapy for WM was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Vocal Fold Pathologies Among Undergraduate Singing Students In Three Different Genres.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence and incidence of vocal fold pathologies among undergraduate classical, musical theatre, and contemporary commercial music (CCM) students over two-time points.

Methods: This study is part of a longitudinal investigation. Videostroboscopic examinations were rated, with consensus among three of four expert blinded raters confirming the presence of pathology.

Device Failure During Injection Medialization Laryngoplasty.

Objectives: Injection medialization laryngoplasty is a commonly performed procedure for the management of glottic insufficiency. Among complications of this procedure is device failure, for which the literature is scarce. Our goal was to determine the prevalence of needle failure during injection laryngoplasty among members of the American Bronchoesophagological Association (ABEA).

An Updated Review of Subglottic Stenosis: Etiology, Evaluation, and Management.

Purpose Of Review: To assimilate the newly published literature regarding subglottic stenosis (SGS), including basic science and translational research on mechanisms of etiology, clinical diagnostics, and therapeutic treatments.

Recent Findings: The role of inflammation in development of iatrogenic and idiopathic SGS (iSGS) is continuing to be studied. The IL-23/IL-17A inflammatory axis appears to be a potential mechanism for development of iSGS.

Needle Fracture During Injection Medialization Laryngoplasty.

Objectives: Awake injection medialization laryngoplasty is one of the most common therapeutic procedures done by laryngologists in the office or at the bedside. Complications of injection needle fracture are rarely reported.

Methods: This is a case report of a 59-year-old male inpatient who developed left vocal fold immobility with significant glottic insufficiency after pneumonectomy for a large left-sided lung cancer.

Glottic Keratosis: Significance and Identification of Laryngoscopic Findings.

Objective: Glottic keratosis poses a challenge because a decision to biopsy must weigh the likelihood of dysplasia and cancer against the voice outcome after biopsy. We determined the significance of laryngoscopic findings and agreement among clinicians to identify those specific findings.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Quantifying Subjective and Objective Measures of Singing After Different Warm-Up Durations.

Background: Performing vocal warm-ups prior to singing repertoire has been shown to change the perceived quality and acoustic parameters of the voice. To date, there are no studies that specifically compare singers' and listeners' perceptions of vocal quality after various warm-up durations.

Objective: To determine if specific warm-up durations (0, 5, 10, or 15 minutes) change subjective and objective measures of voice.

Prevalence of Vocal Fold Pathologies Among First-Year Singing Students Across Genres.

Objectives/hypothesis: The purpose of the study was to compare the prevalence of vocal fold pathologies among first-year singing students from the classical, musical theatre, and contemporary commercial music (CCM) genres.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Videostroboscopic examinations were rated by blinded expert raters.

Association of gastroesophageal reflux disease and laryngeal cancer.

Objective: Studies examining the association of reflux disease with the risk of developing laryngeal cancer have both proven and disproven the null hypothesis.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study examines the association of reflux in two populations exposed to similar risk factors, including tobacco, to the extent that end-organ malignant transformation has occurred. After IRB approval was obtained, a search of our hospital's cancer center's database was performed from 2000 to 2013.

Correlating laryngoscopic appearance of laryngeal lesions with histopathology.

Objectives/hypothesis: Meticulous scrutiny of laryngeal lesions with laryngoscopes and microscopes often identify angiogenic activity, one of the hallmarks of neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between laryngoscopic appearance and histopathology of laryngeal lesions based on operative biopsies.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Injection medialization laryngoplasty improves dysphagia in patients with unilateral vocal fold immobility.

Objective: To assess patient reported swallowing outcomes before and after injection medialization laryngoplasty in patients with unilateral vocal fold immobility (UVFI).

Methods: Case series with chart review of patients with UVFI who underwent injection medialization laryngoplasty at a community laryngology practice by a single clinician between October 2015 and December 2017. Patient-reported validated surveys of swallowing impairment, Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), demographics, etiology and duration of symptoms were recorded before and after injection.

Determining Candidate Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Acquired Laryngotracheal Stenosis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Despite wide adoption of strategies to prevent injury from prolonged intubation and tracheotomy, acquired laryngotracheal stenosis (ALTS) has not disappeared. ALTS' persistence may be due to patient factors that confer unique susceptibility for some. We sought to identify genetic markers in genes associated with wound healing that could be associated with ALTS.

Treatment of palatal myoclonus with botulinum toxin injection.

Palatal myoclonus is a rare cause of pulsatile tinnitus in patients presenting to the otolaryngology office. Rhythmic involuntary contractions of the palatal muscles produce the pulsatile tinnitus in these patients. Treatment of this benign but distressing condition with anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, and surgery has been largely unsuccessful.

Translational genomics of acquired laryngotracheal stenosis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Acquired laryngotracheal stenosis (ALTS) results from abnormal mucosal wound healing after laryngeal and/or tracheal injury. Patients with ALTS often present late after significant reduction of the airway lumen and onset of symptoms. Motivated by the need for earlier detection of affected patients, we sought to investigate genetic markers for ALTS that would identify susceptible patients.

Modulation of pulmonary dendritic cell function during mycobacterial infection.

We have previously reported that during mycobacterial infection, naïve CD4(+) T-cell activation is enhanced in the lungs. We investigated the role of chemokine receptor CCR7 and its ligands in the ability of CD11c(+) lung dendritic cells (DCs) to activate naïve CD4(+) T cells during pulmonary infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). BCG infection resulted in the accumulation and maturation in the lungs of DCs that persisted as the mycobacterial burden declined.

Modulation of naive CD4+ T-cell responses to an airway antigen during pulmonary mycobacterial infection.

During pulmonary mycobacterial infection, there is increased trafficking of dendritic cells from the lungs to the draining lymph nodes. We hypothesized that ongoing mycobacterial infection would modulate recruitment and activation of antigen-specific naive CD4+ T cells after airway antigen challenge. BALB/c mice were infected by aerosol with Mycobacterium bovis BCG.