Exploring the integration of diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging into clinical practice by physical therapists.

Background: Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-US) use for diagnostic purposes is expanding in physical therapy practice. Identifying and describing physical therapy-specific approaches to incorporating MSK-US into the evaluation process is needed. Musculoskeletal ultrasound extends the physical exam to allow clinicians to visualize anatomy and pathophysiology both statically and dynamically.

Mechanical testing of frontal plane adaptability of commercially available prosthetic feet.

Introduction: Prosthetic feet have limited adaptability in the frontal plane. Research shows walking on uneven terrain is difficult for many prosthesis users. A new prosthetic foot, the META Arc, was designed with a polycentric ankle joint that allows relatively free movement in the frontal plane to address this limitation.

Survey of Physical Therapists' Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behaviors Regarding Diagnostic Imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe physical therapists' attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors regarding the use of diagnostic imaging.

Methods: Physical therapists in the United States were recruited from July 2018 through May 2019 to complete a web-based, cross-sectional survey. Participants were asked about demographics, their perceived knowledge base and skills for recommending or ordering different imaging modalities, and their behaviors regarding diagnostic imaging.

Participation in active play of children who use lower extremity prostheses: An exploratory questionnaire.

Background: Through play, children develop motor, cognitive, social, and other life skills. Play barriers can impede physical and psychosocial benefits.

Objectives: We describe participation in active play, fundamental movement skills, play environment characteristics, and potential play barriers for school-aged children (6-12 years) who use lower extremity prostheses.

High titers of autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes patients: epitope analysis and inhibition of enzyme activity.

Objective: Autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) are found in patients with autoimmune neurological disorders or type 1 diabetes. The correct diagnosis of GAD65Ab-associated neurological disorders is often delayed by the variability of symptoms and a lack of diagnostic markers. We hypothesized that the frequency of neurological disorders with high GAD65Ab titers is significantly higher than currently recognized.

A transdisciplinary definition of diagnosis.

Diagnosis is a fundamental abstract reasoning concept in healthcare. It forms the foundation for clinical guidelines, evidence-based practice, and healthcare interventions. The definition of diagnosis is evolving in a manner that may change patient care and clinical research.

Crossed four-bar mechanism for improved prosthetic grasp.

Passive linkages were developed to improve grasp functionality and minimize a prosthetic terminal device's number of user-controlled inputs. The linkages act to stabilize grasped objects and substitute for the palp of normal anatomical fingers. The Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure was used to compare the normal anatomical hand, this prototype, and a commercially available (Hosmer) hook.

Design and fabrication of a passive-function, cylindrical grasp terminal device.

To assist upper extremity amputees with achieving stable grasps of cylindrical tools, this article describes the development and testing of a prosthetic device for recreational kayak paddling. Initial development included participation of a non-amputee expert kayakist. Subsequent testing of the device used a pseudo-prosthesis for testing on a non-amputee subject, followed by qualitative feedback on the device from a unilateral transradial amputee.

Compensatory movements of transradial prosthesis users during common tasks.

Background: Recent studies have documented motions of the upper limbs of healthy subjects during activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate compensatory motions of the upper extremity and torso during tasks for transradial prosthesis users and to determine if bracing simulates prosthesis use.

Methods: Seven transradial myoelectric prosthesis users and 10 non-amputee volunteers performed four common tasks.

Center of rotation affects abduction range of motion of reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Although clinical outcomes of the reverse shoulder replacement have noted improvements in pain and function, evaluation of these outcomes reveals concerns regarding progressive scapular notching and variability of functional improvements in range of motion. Therefore, an apparatus was designed to examine differences in abduction range of motion for seven configurations of reverse shoulder arthroplasty. An electronic goniometer was used to measure abduction range of motion, and digital video analysis was used to determine impingement points.

Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the anterior atlantodental interval measurement from conventional lateral view flexion/extension radiographs.

An investigation of intra- and inter-rater reliability anterior atlantodental interval (AADI) measurements was conducted using flexion/extension plain radiographs. Flexion and extension lateral radiographs of individuals investigated for atlantoaxial instability were measured for AADI on three occasions. Intra-rater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for both flexion (0.

Comparison of home versus physical therapy-supervised rehabilitation programs after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Because of health care funding and policy changes, there is a need to examine the effects of an evolution toward patient-directed (ie, home-based) rehabilitation programs on clinical outcomes of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Hypothesis: There will be no difference in the effectiveness of a home-based rehabilitation program and a standard physical therapy-supervised rehabilitation program in patients 3 months after nonacute anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts.

Study Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Influence of anthropometric and mechanical variations on functional instability in the ACL-deficient knee.

Individual variations in joint anatomy, tissue mechanical properties, and muscle strength of the knee are believed to affect the clinical outcome of ACL-deficient patients, but the effects have not been studied systematically. The impact of individual anthropometric and mechanical variation on functional stability of the ACL-deficient knee was investigated in this study using a two-dimensional mathematical knee model. The model included the tibiofemoral and the patellofemoral articulations, four ligaments, the medial capsule, and four muscle units surrounding the knee.

A modeling study of partial ACL injury: simulated KT-2000 arthrometer tests.

A partial ACL injury may involve different levels of fiber disruption, orfibers may sustain microscopic changes in their structure without gross disruption, resulting in a change in ligament function. The effect of partial ACL tears on the mechanical and functional stability of the knee has not been well documented, in part because of diagnostic difficulties. A computer model of the knee in the sagittal plane was used in this study to simulate tests using the KT-2000 Knee Arthrometer, which quantifies Lachman's test for ACL injury.