[Effect of fusococcin on the genome of common wheat].

The effect of fusicoccin on the common wheat genome (cv. Mironovskaya 808) during early phases of seed germination was studied. It was shown that fusicoccin: (1) increased the number of cells with one or two nucleoli and decreased the proportion of cells containing three and four nucleoli; (2) enhanced the total volume of nucleoli per nucleus at a concentration of 0.

Ultrastructure of Chenopodium rubrum L. apices during the effect of fusicoccin and photoperiodic induction.

Plant transition from vegetative to reproductive development is associated with ultrastructural changes in stem apices. Those seen in Chenopodium rubrum L. under the influence of fusicoccin in many ways resemble those induced by a short-day treatment favourable to flowering.

Role of the 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of H+-ATPase activity in the plasma membrane of suspension-cultured sugar beet cells under cold stress.

All higher plants possess highly specific binding sites for fusicoccin, a metabolite of the fungus Fusicoccum amygdali Del. These sites are harboured in the plasma membranes and formed by a 14-3-3 protein dimer associated with the C-terminal autoinhibitory domain of H+-ATPase. We considered the fusicoccin binding to plasma membranes to be an indicator of complexation between the 14-3-3 dimer and H+-ATPase, we assessed the effect of cold stress on the interaction of these proteins in suspension-cultured sugar beet cells and protoplasts derived from these cells.

Activation of morphogenesis and proliferation by low specificity chemical effectors.

Activation of highly specific biochemical processes by simple chemical agents is demonstrated for morphogenesis (anlage and development of female gametophyte in cereal) and mitosis (in cell cultures and animal and plant tissues). The effects of these agents are tissue-specific. Structure--activity relationship is analyzed in this group of compounds.

Endogenous fusicoccin-like ligand revealed in higher plants by radioreceptor and radioimmunoassays.

Radioimmuno- and radioreceptor assays were developed for quantitating fusicoccin-like substances in plants. FC-like ligands were found in cultured horseradish roots (70-90 pmol/g) and headed cabbage leaves (9-11 pmol/g). Detection of FC-like ligands in sterile root culture further argues in favour of endogenous fusicoccin representing a new type of phytohormone.

Influence of organic matter on the effectiveness of mineral fertilizers.

The influence of composted peat on the effectiveness of different doses of mineral fertilizers was studied in model greenhouse experiments with barley of the Pirkka variety cultivated in sand and poorly cultivated sandy-loam soil. It was shown that the use of a large amount of composted peat (10% of the weight of the substrate) contributed under the experimental conditions to a pronounced increase in plant productivity only when increased doses of mineral fertilizers were used (NPK at 0.2 g/kg of substrate).