Candida tropicalis morphotypes show altered cellular structure and gene expression pre- and post-exposure to fluconazole.

A feature of Candida tropicalis is its ability to undergo phenotypic switching that can affect antifungal sensitivity and virulence traits. Here, we investigated the effect of switching on alterations at the cellular structure level of C. tropicalis morphotypes and whether exposure to fluconazole (FLC) in vitro could be associated with these alterations in a morphotype-dependent manner.

Decreasing brain activity caused by acute administration of ketamine and alcohol - A randomized, controlled, observer-blinded experimental study.

Introduction: Substance abuse is a major public health problem. In recent years, ketamine, which is a parenteral anesthetic, has been consumed increasingly as an illicit drug together with alcohol, although little is known of how this association alters brain activity. The present study investigated the influence of progressive doses of ketamine, associated with alcohol, on electrophysiological activity.

Behavioral and electrophysiological study in Colossoma macropomum treated with different concentrations of Nepeta cataria oil in an immersion bath revealed a therapeutic window for anesthesia.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the activity of essential oils from Nepeta Cataria (EON) at concentrations of 125  L-1, 150  L-1, 175  L-1, and 200  L-1 on the behavior of loss of the posture reflex and recovery of the posture reflex and electrocardiographic activity and recording of the opercular beat of Colossoma macropomum during immersion bathing for a period of 5 min, in order to obtain a window for safe use during anesthesia. The fish (23.38 ± 3.

Potentiation of the depressant effect of alcohol by flunitrazepam in rats: an electrocorticographic, respiratory and electrocardiographic study.

Alcohol, a widely commercialized psychotropic drug, and the benzodiazepine Flunitrazepam, an anxiolytic widely prescribed for patients with anxiety and insomnia problems, are well known drugs and both act on the central nervous system. The misuse and the association of these two drugs are public health concerns in several countries and could cause momentary, long-lasting and even lethal neurophysiological problems due to the potentiation of their adverse effects in synergy. The present study observed the result of the association of these drugs on electrophysiological responses in the brain, heart, and respiratory rate in Wistar rats.

Establishing a safe anesthesia concentration window for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Linnaeus 1758) by monitoring cardiac activity in eugenol immersion baths.

Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is the most cultivated fish species in the world, due to its low cost, high growth rate, environmental adaptability, and resistance to disease and stress. Anesthetics for fish become necessary in management because they minimize mortality during transport and maintenance of ponds, one of the most used anesthetics is clove oil, which has eugenol as the major substance, representing 90-95 % of clove oil. The present study evaluates the effect of eugenol on cardiac activity in Oreochromis niloticus specimens and relates it to behavioral data to determine a concentration window for safe anesthesia.

Interfacial adaptation of NeoMTA Plus, BioRoot RCS and MTA in root-end cavities: A micro-CT study.

Aim: This study aimed to use the micro-computed tomography to evaluate the interfacial adaptation and the presence of gaps of NeoMTA Plus, BioRoot RCS, and MTA in the root-end cavities.

Methodology: Thirty standardized bovine roots measuring 15 mm in length were selected. Chemical-mechanical preparation was performed up to instrument #80 and obturation with the cold lateral compaction technique with cement based on zinc oxide and eugenol.

First Records of Heartbeats via ECG in a Stingless Bee, (Apidae, Meliponini), during Contention Stress Using Isoflurane as an Anesthetic.

The hemodynamic activity of workers was evaluated during restraint stress for a period of 30 min. The observed parameters were power variation in the elapsed time, and subsequently, six periods of one second were divided and called A, B, C, D, E and F; in each period, the electrocardiographic parameters were evaluated: spike frequency, amplitude, spike intervals and spike duration. The experiment was carried out with eight worker bees of , for which electrodes of a nickel-chromium alloy were made.

We need to talk about Candida tropicalis: Virulence factors and survival mechanisms.

Candida tropicalis is a notable species of the Candida genus representing an impressive epidemiology in tropical regions, especially in South America and Asia, where India already presents the species as the first in Candida epidemiology. Candida tropicalis has also shown a worrying antifungal resistance profile in recent years. It is essential to highlight that each pathogenic species of the Candida genus has a particular biology; however, Candida virulence factors are almost entirely based on studies with C.

Adhesion and biofilm formation by the opportunistic pathogen : what do we know?

 is among the most important  species in terms of epidemiology, virulence and resistance. Considering the increase in incidence and high rates of mortality associated with this species, knowledge of its adhesion and biofilm formation abilities is needed. These traits determine the persistence and survival of yeast on different indwelling medical devices and host sites.

Deciphering Colonies of Phenotypic Switching-Derived Morphotypes of the Pathogenic Yeast Candida tropicalis.

Background: Phenotypic switching generates fungal colonies with altered morphology and allows pathogens to adapt to changing environments.

Objective: This study investigated the structure and genetic factors of switched morphotypes colonies in Candida tropicalis.

Methods: Morphotypes of C.

Cytogenetic approaches provide evidence of a conserved diploid number and cytological differences between Proceratophrys species (Anura: Odontophrynidae).

Taxonomic and cytogenetic aspects of Proceratophrys have not been thoroughly clarified in the literature; thus, the objective of the present study was to provide unprecedent karyotype data regarding P. schirchi, P. laticeps and P.

3D printed nitric oxide-releasing poly(acrylic acid)/F127/cellulose nanocrystal hydrogels.

Hydrogels have been used as matrices for the topical delivery of nitric oxide (NO) for achieving vasodilation, wound healing and analgesic actions. More recently, supramolecular hydrogels comprised of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and micellar Pluronic F127 (F127), prepared by thermal reaction, emerged as a suitable matrix for the incorporation of hydrophilic NO donors, such as S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). Herein, we describe an innovative method for the three-dimensional (3D) printing of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-containing and semi-interpenetrating PAA/F127 hydrogels by PAA photopolymerization via digital light processing (DLP), in the absence of organic solvents.

Strategy for the Treatment of Zygomatic-Coronoid Ankylosis.

Zygomatic-coronoid ankylosis is a rare complication in maxillofacial trauma. Currently, less of 30 cases reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to report a case of zygomatic-coronoid ankylosis after trauma.

Extensive osteonecrosis of the maxilla caused by bisphosphonates: Report of a rare case.

Bisphosphonates are drugs indicated for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases or malignant hypercalcemia. They are generally well-tolerated drugs, however, recent reports have described osteonecrosis of the jaw bones as a potentially serious complication related to the long-term use of these drugs. We report a case of severe osteonecrosis in a 52-years-old white woman that was taking bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid and alendronate) for the management of osteoporosis.

Tetracycline@silver ions-functionalized mesoporous silica for high bactericidal activity at ultra-low concentration.

Polyether pores were designed and tetracycline-loaded mesoporous silica materials, with their surface decorated by silver ions, were prepared, with the aim of reaching high antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, mammalian cell cytotoxicity and hemolytic effects were not observed using material concentrations tenfold the ones optimized for the bactericidal tests. Pore size was tuned by changing the polyether content and the surface was covalently decorated with silver thiolate groups.

Viral Inhibition Mechanism Mediated by Surface-Modified Silica Nanoparticles.

Vaccines and therapies are not available for several diseases caused by viruses, thus viral infections result in morbidity and mortality of millions of people every year. Nanoparticles are considered to be potentially effective in inhibiting viral infections. However, critical issues related to their use include their toxicity and their mechanisms of antiviral action, which are not yet completely elucidated.

ARTHROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF ELBOW STIFFNESS.

Unlabelled: To present the arthroscopic surgical technique and the evaluation of the results from this technique for treating elbow stiffness.

Methods: Between April 2007 and January 2010, ten elbows of ten patients with elbow stiffness underwent arthroscopic treatment to release the range of motion. The minimum follow-up was 11 months, with an average of 27 months.

SURFACE ARTHROPLASTY FOR TREATING PRIMARY AND/OR SECONDARY SHOULDER OSTEOARTHROSIS BY MEANS OF THE HEMICAP-ARTHROSURFACE(®) SYSTEM.

Objective: To present the surgical technique for the He-miCAP-Arthrosurface(®) system and evaluate our results from this technique for treating primary and/or secondary shoulder osteoarthrosis.

Method: Between June 2007 and June 2009, 10 shoulders of 10 patients (nine with primary osteoarthrosis and one with avascular necrosis of the humeral head) underwent surface arthroplasty using the HemiCAP-Arthrosurface(®) system to correct the problem. The follow-up time ranged from six to 29 months (mean of 17 months).

Behavioural and electroencephalographic effects of systemic injections of 8-OH-DPAT in the pigeon (Columba livia).

The effects of systemic injections of the 5HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on the spontaneous ingestive, maintenance, locomotor and sleep-like behaviours, and the sleep/waking-related hippocampal electrographic activity were investigated in pigeons. 8-OH-DPAT (0.06, 0.

Surgical treatment of earlobe keloid with CO2 laser radiation: case report and clinical standpoints.

Keloids are considered to be benign hyperproliferative growths of dense fibrous tissue and overabundant deposition of disorganized, thick, hyalinized collagen that result from an abnormal tissue response to cutaneous injury. Keloids do not have a specific cause, although genetic predisposition is heavily implicated. We present a case report of a patient with an earlobe keloid that was treated with carbon dioxide laser radiation (CO(2)) with an 0.

Behavioral and metabolic effects of central injections of orexins/hypocretins in pigeons (Columba livia).

In the present study, the acute behavioral and ingestive effects of ICV injections of mammalian orexin-A (ORXA; vehicle, 0.2, 0.6 or 2 nmol) and of orexin-B (ORXB; vehicle, 0.

Treatment of developmental defect of upper lip with carbon dioxide laser radiation (CO2): first surgical time.

With the exception of the cleft lip, developmental defects (DD) of the lip are rare. The upper lip originates from the ectomesenchyme and is formed by the merging of the nasal medial and lateral processes with the maxillary process. Disturbances during this formation period can cause DD with functional and/or esthetic repercussions.