Publications by authors named "Murayama A"
This study aimed to test the hypothesis that knowledge derived from indirect assessments can be used to identify fall risk factors during a period of social distancing. A baseline survey of 1953 community-dwelling older adults was conducted in May 2020, with a follow-up survey performed in May 2023 to assess the situation 3 years later. In total, 339 individuals were followed from baseline to follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to examine the size and trends in payments from the pharmaceutical industry to healthcare professional organisations (HPOs) in the United Kingdom (UK), and to characterise the conflict of interest (COI) management plans by HPOs who received large payments.
Design: Cross-sectional analysis of non-research payments disclosed in the Disclosure UK database from 2015 to 2021.
Setting: United Kingdom.
Objectives: Although financial interactions between physicians and pharmaceutical and medical device companies could be potential conflicts of interest, in certain instances, industry promotion targeted at physicians may facilitate the early adoption of effective, novel care for patients such as sacubitril/valsartan in the USA. This study aims to evaluate associations between industry-sponsored meal payments to physicians and their prescribing patterns for sacubitril/valsartan in the USA.
Methods: Using the publicly accessible Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicare Part D database and the Open Payments Database, this study assessed associations between industry-sponsored meal payments to physician prescribers and total amounts of Medicare claims and spending for sacubitril/valsartan between 2015 and 2021.
We prepared biocompatible elastic fibers with high porosity and high tensile strength from poly[()-3-hydroxybutyrate--4-hydroxybutyrate], which is a microbial polyester that can be produced from renewable carbon resources by isothermal crystallization. It was possible to control the pore size by adjusting the isothermal crystallization time. Most of the pores were approximately less than 10 μm in diameter, did not penetrate, and were distributed discontinuously throughout the fibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Financial relationships between clinical guideline authors and pharmaceutical companies introduce conflicts of interest (COI), potentially biasing guideline recommendations. Thus, proper management of COI is paramount for clinical guideline authors. Nevertheless, little is known about COI among neurology clinical guideline authors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Urologists face challenges in obtaining public research funding, leading to increasing reliance on the industry for research support. This study aimed to examine the extent and trends in industry-sponsored research payments to urologists from 2014 to 2022 in the United States.
Methods: We identified all US urologists using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services National Plan and Provider Enumeration System database and extracted their industry-sponsored research payments data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Open Payments Database.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how personal relative deprivation (PRD)—the feeling of being worse off compared to similar others—affects people's explanations for outcomes in their lives, focusing on the concept of locus of control (the extent to which individuals believe they can control events).
- Across eight studies involving 6,729 participants, results showed that those with higher PRD tended to attribute outcomes to external factors (like luck or circumstance) rather than internal factors (such as their own abilities), regardless of their socioeconomic status.
- The findings suggest that PRD not only consistently correlates with external locus of control across different cultures but also influences how individuals interpret events in their lives, indicating a significant psychological effect
Article Synopsis
- A CGG repeat expansion in the 5' UTR of the GIPC1 gene is linked to oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM), a hereditary muscle disorder causing symptoms like eyelid drooping and muscle weakness.
- This mutation has also been associated with Parkinson's disease, although without myopathy symptoms in those cases.
- In two unrelated cases, patients with myopathic symptoms later developed parkinsonism, indicating that GIPC1-related repeat expansions may lead to various neuromuscular issues, highlighting the need to recognize central nervous system symptoms in OPDM2.
Unlabelled: A cell culture system that allows the reproduction of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) life cycle is indispensable to exploring novel anti-HBV agents. To establish the screening system for anti-HBV agents, we exploited the high affinity and bright luminescence (HiBiT) tag and comprehensively explored the regions in the HBV genome where the HiBiT tag could be inserted. The plasmids for the HiBiT-tagged HBV molecular clones with a 1.
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- The study focuses on the importance of measuring hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for the management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB) and examines preS1 protein expression in patients.
- Researchers used seven monoclonal antibodies to analyze preS1 from various hepatitis B genotypes, discovering that the epitopes crucial for recognition are largely located in the aa33-47 region.
- Findings indicate that preS1 expression remains stable across different HBsAg levels and genotypes, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target in treating CHB.
Article Synopsis
- Malunion of thumb and finger fractures leads to issues with hand appearance and function, often resulting in rotational deformities in multiple planes.
- Corrective osteotomy is necessary for addressing these deformities, but accurately measuring the extent of the malunion, especially in the transverse plane, is challenging.
- A new technique called linkage simulation has been developed to quantify rotational deformities, allowing for better surgical planning and enabling simulations of finger movements and potential outcomes post-surgery.
Article Synopsis
- - The self-assembly of d transition metal complexes like Pt(ii) and Pd(ii) is crucial for creating advanced materials used in optoelectronics and sensing, but understanding their electronic behaviors when excited is still unclear.
- - This study compares the excited-state behavior of self-assembled Pt(ii) and Pd(ii) complexes, revealing that while both have similar structures, their thermal responses differ significantly.
- - The Pt(ii) complex displays a dramatic thermochromic luminescence shift when heated, while the Pd(ii) complex shows increased luminescence efficiency when cooled, highlighting their contrasting properties.
Objectives: To evaluate the extent and trends of personal payments from pharmaceutical companies to cardiologists board-certified by the Japanese Circulation Society.
Design: A retrospective analysis study using data from a publicly available database.
Setting: The study focused on payments to cardiologists in Japan.
Article Synopsis
- * Investigations showed low serum ceruloplasmin levels, high urinary copper excretion, and a known mutation in the ATP7B gene linked to copper metabolism.
- * A new mutation was identified in the patient's other allele, classified as 'likely pathogenic' based on guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics, confirming a diagnosis of Wilson's disease.
Objective: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are essential for standardising patient care based on evidence-based medicine. However, the presence of financial conflicts of interest (COIs) among CPG authors can undermine their credibility. This study aimed to examine the extent and size of COIs among authors of psychiatry CPGs in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to verify the characteristics of lifestyles and frailty among older adults during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This two-point cross-sectional study conducted a baseline survey (BL) in 2020 and a follow-up survey (FU) in 2023 with community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Japan. The 700 and 572 participants in the BL and FU were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) offer disease management recommendations based on scientific evidence. However, financial conflicts of interest between CPG developers and the pharmaceutical industry could bias these recommendations, potentially affecting patient care. Proper management of these conflicts of interest is particularly crucial for maintaining the integrity of CPGs.
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- * The existing inosine modifications in DNA are largely under-researched, indicating a gap in our understanding of DNA editing sites.
- * The new technique utilizing maleimide for inosine labeling and purification of inosine-containing RNA and DNA provides a promising platform for discovering A-to-I editing sites.
The frequency of falls increases with age. In Japan, the population is aging rapidly, and fall prevention measures are an urgent issue. However, assessing fall risk during the coronavirus disease pandemic was complicated by the social distancing measures implemented to prevent the disease, while traditional assessments that involve actual measurements are complicated.
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