Hyoid Bone and Thyroid Cartilage Fractures at Forensic Autopsies.

Fractures of the hyoid bone (HB) and thyroid cartilage (TC) are important findings in emergency medicine and forensic pathology. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and anatomical localization of HB and TC fractures and to evaluate the etiological and risk factors.A total of 315 patients with HB and/or TC fractures were included over a 3-year period.

Postmortem pathological changes in extrapulmonary organs in SARS-CoV-2 rt-PCR-positive cases: a single-center experience.

Background: Although the lung is seen as the main target organ affected by SARS-CoV-2, other organs are also damaged.

Aim: We aimed to determine the extrapulmonary findings of autopsies performed on cases with positive results with postmortem polymerase chain reaction test.

Methods: Pathological changes in extrapulmonary organs were examined with light microscopy.

COVID-19 autopsies of Istanbul.

Background/aims: The aim of this study is to share autopsy findings of COVID-19-positive cases and autopsy algorithms for safely handling of suspicious bodies during this pandemic.

Methods: COVID-19-positive cases of Istanbul Morgue Department were retrospectively analyzed. Sampling indications for PCR tests in suspicious deaths, macroscopic and microscopic findings obtained in cases with positive PCR tests were evaluated.

Redefining the collateral system between the superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery: a novel classification.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the arterial collateral vasculature between the superior mesenteric artery and the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) from a surgical perspective.

Method: A total of 107 fresh adult cadavers (94 male) were studied with emphasis on the vascular anatomy of the left colon. Dissections were carried out mimicking the anterior resection technique.

Accessory Nerve Anatomy in Anterior and Posterior Cervical Triangle: A Fresh Cadaveric Study.

Objective: To understand the variations and normal course of the accessory nerve (CNXI) to help more accurate and confident neck dissection.

Methods: The course of the CNXI in the neck, its relationship to the surrounding anatomic structures and the factors affecting its course were investigated.

Results: A total of 100 neck dissections were performed on 50 fresh cadavers.

Abusive head trauma: two cases and mini-review of the current literature.

Background: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is the leading cause of fatal head injuries and are responsible for more than half of serious or fatal traumatic brain injury cases in children younger than 2 years of age. Long-term outcomes of AHT are death, spastic hemiplegia or quadriplegia, intractable epilepsy, microcephaly with corticosubcortical atrophy, visual impairment, language disorder and cognitive, behavioral and sleep disorders.

Cases: Herein we present two cases of AHT (7-month-old boy, 7-month-old girl) according to forensic analysis, and discuss them in light of the current literature and share our experience.

Comparison of Mesenteric Lengthening Techniques in IPAA: An Anatomic and Angiographic Study on Fresh Cadavers.

Background: The IPAA technique restores anal functionality in patients who have had the large intestine and rectum removed; however, 1 of the most important reasons for pouch failure is tension on the anastomosis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare technical procedures for mesenteric lengthening used for IPAA to reduce this tension.

Design: After randomization, 4 different techniques for mesenteric lengthening were performed and compared on fresh cadavers.

Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: A Retrospective Autopsy Study of 112 Epileptic Patients.

Introduction: Sudden unexpected deaths comprise the most important and worthy investigation case profiles in both neurology and forensic medicine. Epilepsy, which is one of the neuropathological causes of sudden unexpected deaths, is an important disorder having mysterious aspects. The aim of this study is to make common the points of view between neurology and forensic medicine experts and to discuss the features of the findings together with the related clinical hypotheses, leading to the differential diagnosis of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) by presenting autopsy findings and available medical data of patients who had a prior diagnosis of epilepsy.

Use of trauma scoring systems to determine the physician's responsibility in cases of traumatic death with medical malpractice claim.

Background: Traumatic injury is near the top of World Health Organization list of leading causes of death, and one of the major factors affecting mortality is the severity of the trauma. During medical intervention for trauma patients, some injuries may be overlooked, and this misstep may be the basis of a malpractice claim. The objective of this study was to provide a new approach to evaluating medical malpractice cases by discussing the benefits of the use of trauma scores.

Viral Pneumonias in Forensic Autopsies: Evaluation and Classification of Histopathologic Changes With Microbiologic Correlation.

Lower respiratory infections are commonly due to viruses and are the third largest cause of death. Respiratory tract viruses have a tendency to target the specific regions in the lung and can harm the host via direct effect of the virus and the host's inflammatory response. In this study, relationships between morphologic changes in the lung and the viral agent type isolated in the lung by the polymerase chain reaction technique were investigated.

Coincidence of Nicolau Syndrome and Rhabdomyolysis: Report of a Forensic Autopsy Case and Review of the Literature.

Nicolau syndrome (NS) is a dermatological adverse reaction of intramuscular injections and is caused by several mechanisms. The etiopathogenesis remains unclear, and several hypotheses have suggested a vascular origin. Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is the destruction of striated muscle, with the subsequent release of muscle cell contents into circulation.

Colchicine-Induced Rhabdomyolysis: An Autopsy Case.

Colchicine is derived from Colchicum autumnale and Gloriosa superba and is used to treat acute gout and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Musculoskeletal adverse effects range from myopathy to rhabdomyolysis. An 18-year-old woman, with a 2-year history of FMF treated with colchicine, took 9 colchicine pills (4.

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Report of 3 Cases and Literature Review Hormonal, Autoimmune, Morphological Factors.

The number of cases with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is considered to be being underestimated because of a large amount of SCAD leading to sudden death without previous diagnosis. Besides, not only in clinics but also in autopsy practice, correct diagnosis of SCAD is important to prevent forensic malpractice.The article is intended to discuss the pathological findings through the forensic point of view for improving the malpractice expertise in scope of clinicians' timely antemortem diagnosis according to risk factors and in scope of forensic pathologists' the cause of death determination ability according to macroscopical and microscopical findings of the autopsy.

Postmortem findings after anaphylactic reactions to drugs in Turkey.

Aims: To determine the frequency of anaphylactic deaths at autopsies performed in Turkey between January 2001 and June 2006 and to review the circumstances of death and autopsy findings.

Methods: The Council of Forensic Medicine database in Istanbul was searched for anaphylactic deaths. Postmortem reports and medical records were reviewed to determine the circumstances of death.

Foreigners dying in Istanbul.

The study included 411 deaths selected from 14,647 medicolegal deaths autopsied in the Morgue Department of Forensic Medicine Institute Directorate, affiliated with the Ministry of Justice, between 1998 and 2002. Data were collected from court documents, coroner's investigation reports, and autopsy reports. The parameters of age, gender, nationality and origin, cause and place of death in foreigners dying in Istanbul were evaluated in the study.