Comparative evaluation of shear wave elastography elasticity values in thyroid nodules with cytology results and TI-RADS scoring in differentiation of benign-malignant nodules.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography (SWE) in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules and their correlation with the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS).

Methods: This prospective study included 370 thyroid nodules in 308 patients aged 18-70 years. All the patients underwent B-mode ultrasound (US), Doppler examination, and SWE and were given an ACR TI-RADS risk score before fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and/or surgery.

Diffusion-weighted MRI at 3T in Endometrial Cancer: Correlation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient with Histopathological Prognostic Parameters.

Objective: To evaluate the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the differentiation of histological subtypes in endometrial cancer, and to assess if ADC values correlate with histopathological parameters.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University between January 2016 and December 2019.

Comparison of 5 Thyroid Ultrasound Stratification Systems for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Nodules and to Avoid Biopsy Using Histology as Reference Standard.

Objective: We aimed to compare the thyroid ultrasound risk stratification systems (RSSs) of the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS), European TI-RADS, Korean TI-RADS, and American Thyroid Association (ATA), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi guidelines to differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules and to avoid unnecessary fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods: The records of 1143 nodules ≥1 cm that underwent FNA biopsy and thyroidectomy between 2012 and 2020 at our institution were reviewed. Ultrasound categories and FNA recommendation indications of 5 international RSSs were compared with histopathological findings as benign or malignant.

Discrimination of papillary renal cell carcinoma from benign proteinaceous cyst based on iodine and water content on rapid kV-switching dual-energy CT.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate whether rapid kV-switching dual energy CT (rsDECT) can discriminate between papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and benign proteinaceous cysts (BPCs) based on iodine and water content.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with histopathologically proven papillary RCC and 38 patients with 41 BPCs were retrospectively included. Patients with BPCs were eligible for inclusion when the cysts were stable in size and appearance for at least 2 years or proved to be a cyst on ultrasound or MRI.

Evaluation of artifacts generated by titanium, zirconium, and titanium-zirconium alloy dental implants on MRI, CT, and CBCT images: A phantom study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess artifacts generated by zirconium, titanium, and titanium-zirconium alloy implants on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), computed tomography(CT), and cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) and to correlate the findings to the dose-area product and exposure factors on CT and CBCT.

Study Design: Three phantoms were built by embedding zirconium, titanium, and titanium-zirconium implants in ultrasound gel. MRI, CT, and CBCT images were acquired by using multiple sequences and settings.

Discrimination of oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma using MRI.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, including signal intensities, enhancement patterns and T2 signal intensity ratios to differentiate oncocytoma from chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 17 patients with oncocytoma and 33 patients with chromophobe RCC who underwent dynamic MRI. Two radiologists independently reviewed images blinded to pathology.

Usefulness of rapid kV-switching dual energy CT in renal tumor characterization.

Purpose: To investigate whether iodine content can discriminate between benign or malignant renal tumors, malign tumor subtypes, low-grade and high-grade tumors on rapid kv-switching dual-energy CT (rsDECT).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 95 patients with renal tumors who underwent rsDECT for tumor characterization between 2016 and 2018. Attenuation on true and virtual unenhanced images, absolute enhancement and enhancement ratio and iodine content of each lesion on nephrographic phase iodine density images were measured.

Efficacy of perfusion CT in differentiating of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from mass-forming chronic pancreatitis and characterization of isoattenuating pancreatic lesions.

Purpose: Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is routinely used in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but it may be inadequate in some cases, especially mass-forming chronic pancreatitis (MFCP) and isoattenuating pancreatic lesions. Perfusion CT (pCT) may help resolve this problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pCT could help differentiating PDAC from MFCP and in characterization of isoattenuating pancreatic lesions.

A First Report of Synchronous Intracapsular and Extracapsular Hepatic Adenoma.

Although the gallbladder is the most common site of ectopic liver, it has been reported in many other organs, such as kidney, adrenal glands, pancreas, omentum, stomach, esophagus, mediastinum, lungs, and heart. Hepatocytes in an ectopic liver behave like normal hepatocytes; furthermore, they can be associated with the same pathological findings as those in the main liver. Ectopic liver in the gallbladder can undergo fatty change, hemosiderosis, cholestasis, cirrhosis, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, adenoma, and even carcinogenesis.

Diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted MRI in the diagnosis of ovarian torsion: comparison of torsed and nonaffected ovaries.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of ovarian torsion.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 84 patients with surgically confirmed ovarian torsion. Seventeen patients with unclear ultrasound findings underwent MRI examination with two different magnetic resonance (MR) systems.

Caesarean Scar Choriocarcinoma: Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings.

Primary gestational choriocarcinoma in a uterine caesarean section scar (CSS) is an extremely rare entity, and its timely diagnosis and treatment is crucial in order to prevent related complications and metastatic disease. Herein, we report on a 33-year-old female who was referred to our department with an initial diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Transabdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a nodular mass on CSS.

Cholangiocarcinoma Arising from a Type VI Biliary Cyst: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Cystic dilatations of the cystic duct which are suggested as type VI biliary cysts are very rare and many of them go unrecognized or are confused with other cysts until the operation although they are obvious on imaging studies. They can present with fusiform or saccular dilatations and can be accompanied by common bile duct dilatations. It is important to identify these cysts as they share the same characteristics as the other biliary cyst types and can be complicated with malignancy.

Comparison of intrahepatic vein-to-liver parenchyma and intercostal muscle-to-liver parenchyma strain ratios in the assessment of liver fibrosis: which one should we use?

Purpose: The aims of this study were to investigate whether there is a difference in diagnostic value between vein to parenchyma strain ratio (VPSR) and muscle to parenchyma strain ratio (MPSR).

Methods: VPSR and MPSR were calculated via sonoelastography, and were recorded for comparison with histopathology. ROC analysis, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's rank correlation test were used for statistical analysis.

Iliopsoas abscess in children: report on five patients with a literature review.

We aimed in this study to present the clinical findings in children with iliopsoas abscess (IPA) and to discuss the diagnosis and treatment. The files of five patients, hospitalized between August 2011 and June 2013 and monitored with a diagnosis of IPA, were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, symptoms and signs, laboratory examinations, and diagnostic and treatment methods of the cases were evaluated.

Can a b value of 500 be substituted for a b value of 1000 in the characterization of focal liver lesions?

Purpose: Comparison of two different b values in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for characterization of focal liver lesions.

Methods: A total of 174 focal liver lesions from 100 patients were analyzed using two different b values (500 and 1000 s/mm(2)). The DWI with b values of 500 s/mm(2) (DWI500) and 1000 s/mm(2) (DWI1000) were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, kappa statistic, and paired t test with respect to image quality.

Comparison of muscle-to-nodule and parenchyma-to-nodule strain ratios in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules: which one should we use?

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of muscle-to-nodule strain ratio (MNSR) in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and to see if there was a difference between MNSR and parenchyma-to-nodule strain ratios (PNSR) in diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 106 consecutive patients (88 women and 18 men; age range 19-79 years) with thyroid nodules were prospectively examined using ultrasound and sonoelastography before the fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The mean MNSR and PNSR were calculated for each nodule and the elasticity score was determined according to four-point scoring system.

Asynchronous bilateral ovarian torsion. A case report and mini review.

Background: Adnexal torsion is a serious condition and delay in surgical intervention may result in loss of ovary. Children and adolescents who have suffered from uterine adnexal torsion may be at risk for asynchronous torsion of the contralateral adnexa.

Case: We report the case of asynchronous bilateral ovarian torsion in a 9-year-old girl, resulting in right and subsequently left salpingo-oophorectomy.

Efficiency of apparent diffusion coefficients in differentiation of colorectal tumor recurrences and posttherapeutical soft-tissue changes.

Objective: To evaluate effectiveness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in differentiation of colorectal tumor recurrences and posttherapeutical soft tissue changes.

Methods: For this prospective study, 30 patients (22 males, 8 females; age range 30-81 years; mean age 61±12 years) who underwent surgery for colorectal tumors and had a mass detected by computed tomography (CT) and/or MRI during follow-up examinations were divided into 2 groups [17 patients (Group 1) with recurrence and 13 patients (Group 2) with benign fibrosis/granulation tissue]. Final diagnoses were based on histopathological examination in 14 patients and clinical follow-up at least 6 months in the remaining 16.

Ultrasonography in the evaluation of midpalatal suture in surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion.

Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME), which combines orthodontics and surgery, is a well-established therapy for transverse maxillary hypoplasia in adults after sutural closure or completion of skeletal maturation. X-rays are usually the preferred monitoring technique for this treatment. Recently, ultrasound scanning has been used successfully in the follow-up of patients undergoing distraction osteogenesis.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumor: case report with CT and ultrasonography findings.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is a benign odontogenic tumor with a potentially aggressive and infiltrative behavior. KCOT is most commonly occurred in mandible and demonstrate a unilocular, round, oval, scalloped radiolucent area, while large lesions may appear multilocular. An important characteristic of KCOT is its propensity to grow in an antero-posterior direction within medullary cavity of bone causing minimal expansion.

A rare cause of recurrent hematuria in children: Nutcracker syndrome.

Nutcracker syndrome (NCS), the left renal vein hypertension due to compression between aorta and superior mesenteric artery, may present with hematuria, flank pain and proteinuria. We report a 6-year-old girl with episodic macroscopic hematuria who was diagnosed as NCS with Doppler ultrasound and 3D computerized tomography angiography. She was managed conservatively with spontaneous resolution of macroscopic hematuria.