Prophylactic measures to prevent cerebral oxygen desaturation events in elective beach-chair position shoulder surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Prophylaxis for cerebral desaturation events (CDEs) during anesthesia in the beach chair position (BCP) for shoulder surgeries has not been evaluated. We systematically analyzed the effectiveness of various prophylactic measures used in this clinical setting.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis (PROSPERO; no.

Motor response evaluation during brachial plexus block anesthesia: An ultrasonography aided study.

Background: The sparing of ulnar nerve often leads to the failure of the upper limb blockade. It has been claimed that local anesthetic injection at the site of stimulator evoked finger flexion response is associated with highest success rate of a successful block. The lower trunk stimulation of plexus should yield similar results as this trunk contributes significantly for median and ulnar nerves of hand and forearm.

Use of a single injection femoral nerve block in the patients of total knee replacement with concomitant epidural analgesia.

Background: Since central neuraxial analgesia cannot provide adequate post operative pain relief when it is used alone in patients who had undergone Total Knee Replacement Surgery (TKR), an alternative analgesic method is usually advised. The alternatives include either systemic analgesics (opioids, Non Steroidal Anti Inflamatory Drugs, [NSAIDs], etc) or peripheral nerve blocks. When complete analgesia is aimed in such patients, combining the sciatic nerve blocks along with the Femoral Nerve Blocks (FNBs) will be beneficial.