Rapid evolution of cardiac tamponade due to bacterial pericarditis in two patients with HIV-1 infection.

We describe two HIV-seropositive patients with acute pneumococcal empyema and pericarditis. Cardiac tamponade evolved rapidly in each patient and was reversed with prompt surgical intervention. In each case, immunologic abnormalities were detected which could have facilitated local spread of infection and progression to tamponade.

Hypokalaemic paralysis in malnourished children.

Six malnourished children presenting with acute flaccid paralysis caused by hypokalaemia are described. Their ages ranged from 6 to 36 months. The extent of paralysis varied from neck flop to quadriparesis.

Evaluation of social marketing of oral rehydration therapy.

Attempts, at social marketing of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) through television, in changing the knowledge and practice of mothers with regard to its use was assessed. One hundred and eighty seven consecutive mothers (38 excluded due to non use of ORT) were administered a preplanned questionnaire to assess their socio-economic profile, educational status, concept of diarrhea and correct use of ORT. Fifty nine mothers who watched these programmes on TV regularly formed the study group.

Multi drug resistant Salmonella typhi infection: clinical profile and therapy.

Multiple drug resistant Salmonella typhi infection was observed in thirty five recent cases among forty eight children with bacteriologically proven enteric fever. Incidence of complications such as shock, myocarditis, encephalopathy and paralytic ileus was higher among these. A combination of cephalexin and gentamicin was successfully used in the management of these children.

Primary causes of neonatal deaths in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi: an autopsy study of 331 cases.

Of a total of 755 neonates who died between 1972 and 1988, 331 (43.9%) were subjected to necropsy examination. The ranking of major primary causes of neonatal death was as follows: infections 27.

Scurvy--the eternal masquerader.

Osseous involvement in scurvy is unusual in older children even though classical bony changes are well recognized in the infantile variety. This report describes two children with scurvy, aged 6 and 8 years, both of whom presented with bone pains and associated swelling. One child also had a pathological telescoping diaphyseal fracture--a complication not previously described in association with scurvy.

An unusual manifestation of tuberculous hypersensitivity.

This report describes a 6-year-old boy with symmetrical, painful soft tissue swelling of all the fingers and toes, without apparent joint involvement. The Mantoux test was strongly positive. A dramatic response was observed with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.

Control of IgE responses.

Peyer's patches (PP) in germ-free rats (GF) and in the hyper-IgE syndrome patient (HIES) differ from their conventional rat (C) and healthy human (HH) counterparts in that GF rats contained fewer (two-fold) PP and none was detected in HIES. Existing PP in GF rats had reduced cellularity (three-fold) and different B and T cell subsets: high numbers of IgE-bearing (sIgE+) B cells (approximately 15% of total cells), one-half of which also expressed sIgA, were present in GF rat PP while none was detected in C rat PP (less than 1%). GF rat PP also contained elevated numbers of sIgA+ cells and decreased sIgM+ cells, with elevated numbers of sThy 1+ RT 7.

Anaphylaxis and immunologic insulin resistance in a diabetic woman with ketoacidosis.

A diabetic woman presented with diabetic ketoacidosis after demonstrating immediate-type hypersensitivity to heterologous insulin. She had had interrupted insulin therapy in the past. Insulin requirements during the course of treatment for the acidosis suggested marked resistance, with 50,000 U of insulin needed in the first 36 h.