Covalent Attachment of Horseradish Peroxidase to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are desirable nanoparticles for sensing biological analytes due to their photostability and intrinsic near-infrared fluorescence. Previous strategies for generating SWCNT nanosensors have leveraged nonspecific adsorption of sensing modalities to the hydrophobic SWCNT surface that often require engineering new molecular recognition elements. An attractive alternate strategy is to leverage pre-existing molecular recognition of proteins for analyte specificity, yet attaching proteins to SWCNT for nanosensor generation remains challenging.

Alkaline etching assisted polydopamine coating for enhanced cell-material interactions on 3D printed polylactic acid scaffolds.

The implant surface chemistry and topography are primary factors regulating the success and survival of bone scaffold. Surface modification is a promising alternative to enhance the biocompatibility and tissue response to augment the osteogenic functionalities of polyesters like PLA. The study employed the synergistic effect of alkaline hydrolysis and polydopamine (PDA) functionalization to enhance the cell-material interactions on 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold.

Exploring the interaction between Fe and REGLE motif of the high-affinity iron permease (Ftr1): An in silico approach.

Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection with high mortality rate in immunocompromised individuals. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the disease has resurfaced recently and lack of appropriate antifungals resulted in a poor outcome in patients. The iron uptake mechanism in Rhizopus delemar, the predominant causal agent, is crucial for its survival and pathogenesis in human host.

Serum proteomics for the identification of biomarkers to flag predilection of COVID19 patients to various organ morbidities.

Background: COVID19 is a pandemic that has affected millions around the world since March 2020. While many patients recovered completely with mild illness, many patients succumbed to various organ morbidities. This heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of COVID19 infection has posed a challenge to clinicians around the world.

Total extra-peritoneal approach to radical cystectomy with ureterostomy: A novel technique for the elderly and frail.

Objectives: Radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is the gold standard treatment for bladder cancer (high-risk/muscle invasive). The transperitoneal approach is associated with significant gastrointestinal complications like ileus. In the elderly and frail with a single functional kidney, we describe an extraperitoneal technique of radical cystectomy, with a ureterostomy, to be performed without general anesthesia.

Dynamic cellular responses to gravitational forces: Exploring the impact on white blood cell(s).

In recent years, the allure of space exploration and human spaceflight has surged, yet the effects of microgravity on the human body remain a significant concern. Immune and red blood cells rely on hematic or lymphatic streams as their primary means of transportation, posing notable challenges under microgravity conditions. This study sheds light on the intricate dynamics of cell behavior when suspended in bio-fluid under varying gravitational forces.

Water vapor responsiveness of chitosan: An experimental and simulation analysis.

Stimuli-responsive polymers have gained significant research interest in recent years owing to their potential applications in diverse areas. Here, we present a study on the actuation characteristics of chitosan-based free-standing films that exhibit full reversibility and repeatability in response to water vapor exposure. The effect of pH of the water and the degree of cross-linking of the chitosan films on the actuation performance is studied.

O,S-Chelated bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron and diphenylboron-β-thioketonates: synthesis, photophysical, electrochemical and NLO properties.

Boron-β-diketonates are classical emissive materials that have been utilized in various fields, however, boron monothio-β-thioketonates, where one oxygen atom is exchanged for a sulphur atom, have not been explored in detail. To gain a better understanding of this class of materials, we synthesised various aryl substituted monothio-β-diketonate boron complexes with two different aryl substitutions on the boron center and studied their structural, optical and electrochemical properties. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed that there is considerable deviation in B-O and B-S bond lengths for bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron complexes against diphenyl boron complexes.

Disquisition on convergence, stability, and data dependence for a new fast iterative process.

This paper introduces a novel fast iterative process designed for approximating fixed points of contraction and weak contraction mappings. The study presents strong convergence results for this newly proposed iterative process, and proving its efficiency. Analytical and numerical evidences are provided to establish that the proposed iterative method converges more rapidly than several existing processes.

Unveiling the potential of emergent nanoscale composite polymer electrolytes for safe and efficient all solid-state lithium-ion batteries.

Solid-state polymer electrolytes (SSPEs) are promising materials for Li-ion batteries due to their enhanced safety features, which are crucial for preventing short circuits and explosions, replacing traditional liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes are increasingly important to improve battery reliability and lifespan. There are essentially three-types of solid-state electrolytes such as solid polymer electrolyte, composite based polymer electrolyte and gel-based polymer electrolyte are largely used in battery applications. Additionally, battery separators must have high ionic conductivity and porosity to boost safety and performance.

Exceptional long term response to crizotinib in ROS 1-postive advanced non small cell lung cancer.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer cases worldwide, with a significant proportion of patients harbouring actionable oncogenic alterations. Among these alterations, the ROS1 rearrangement represents a distinct subset with therapeutic implications. Here, we present the case of a 52-year-old man diagnosed with advanced NSCLC harbouring the ROS1 fusion gene.

Atomic vacancies of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis.

Diminished mitochondrial function underlies many rare inborn errors of energy metabolism and contributes to more common age-associated metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, boosting mitochondrial biogenesis has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for these diseases; however, currently we have a limited arsenal of compounds that can stimulate mitochondrial function. In this study, we designed molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanoflowers with predefined atomic vacancies that are fabricated by self-assembly of individual two-dimensional MoS nanosheets.

Differential encoding of mammalian proprioception by voltage-gated sodium channels.

Animals that require purposeful movement for survival are endowed with mechanosensory neurons called proprioceptors that provide essential sensory feedback from muscles and joints to spinal cord circuits, which modulates motor output. Despite the essential nature of proprioceptive signaling in daily life, the mechanisms governing proprioceptor activity are poorly understood. Here, we have identified distinct and nonredundant roles for two voltage-gated sodium channels (Nas), Na1.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the benefits of a standardized Nigella sativa oil containing 5% thymoquinone in reducing the symptoms of seasonal allergy.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) or seasonal allergy characterized by sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and nasal discharge, triggered by immune reactions to environmental allergens. Present day customers also monitor the personal improvements in the area of Evidence-Based natural medicines/supplements.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 65 participants aged 18 to 60 years having 2 or more allergic symptoms like sneezing, rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction, and nasal itching for a cumulative period greater than 1 hour per day.

Australians with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia continue to have high rates of second primary malignancies in the modern era.

Population-based studies have demonstrated a high risk of second cancers, especially of the skin, among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). We describe age-standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) of second primary malignancies (SPM) in Australian patients with relapsed/refractory CLL treated with at least two lines of therapy, including ibrutinib. From December 2014 to November 2017, 156 patients were identified from 13 sites enrolled in the Australasian Lymphoma and Related Diseases Registry, and 111 had follow-up data on rates of SPM.

Two by Two Factorial Design using Metformin and Curcumin for Second Primary Head and Neck Cancer Prevention Trial.

Objective: The 2x2 factorial design is an effective method that allows for multiple comparisons, especially in the context of interactions between different interventions, without substantially increasing the required sample size. In view of the considerable preclinical evidence for Curcumin and Metformin in preventing the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), this study describes the protocol of the clinical trial towards applying the drug combination in prevention of second primary tumors.

Methods: We have applied the trial design to a large phase IIB/III double-blind, multi-centric, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to determine the safety and efficacy of Metformin and Curcumin in the prevention of second primary tumours (SPT) of the aerodigestive tract following treatment of HNSCC (n=1,500) [Clinical Registry of India, CTRI/2018/03/012274].

Emergent dynamics due to chemo-hydrodynamic self-interactions in active polymers.

The field of synthetic active matter has, thus far, been led by efforts to create point-like, isolated (yet interacting) self-propelled objects (e.g. colloids, droplets, microrobots) and understanding their collective dynamics.

Owned-Dog Demographics, Ownership Dynamics, and Attitudes across Three States of India.

This paper presents the demographics, dynamics, and attitudes of dog ownership across three states in India. The background of this research is set against the increasing significance of pet ownership in urban Indian contexts, with a particular focus on understanding the variations in dog-ownership patterns and their implications for public health and animal welfare. We employed a survey-based approach, gathering quantitative survey data from dog owners ( = 563) and non-dog-owners ( = 9282) across different socioeconomic and geographic backgrounds in seven Indian settlements.

Granular Biphasic Colloidal Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting.

Granular hydrogels composed of hydrogel microparticles are promising candidates for 3D bioprinting due to their ability to protect encapsulated cells. However, to achieve high print fidelity, hydrogel microparticles need to jam to exhibit shear-thinning characteristics, which is crucial for 3D printing. Unfortunately, this overpacking can significantly impact cell viability, thereby negating the primary advantage of using hydrogel microparticles to shield cells from shear forces.

Inorganic Biomaterials Shape the Transcriptome Profile to Induce Endochondral Differentiation.

Minerals play a vital role, working synergistically with enzymes and other cofactors to regulate physiological functions including tissue healing and regeneration. The bioactive characteristics of mineral-based nanomaterials can be harnessed to facilitate in situ tissue regeneration by attracting endogenous progenitor and stem cells and subsequently directing tissue-specific differentiation. Here, cellular responses of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells to traditional bioactive mineral-based nanomaterials, such as hydroxyapatite, whitlockite, silicon-dioxide, and the emerging synthetic 2D nanosilicates are investigated.

Radiomics analysis for distinctive identification of COVID-19 pulmonary nodules from other benign and malignant counterparts.

This observational study investigated the potential of radiomics as a non-invasive adjunct to CT in distinguishing COVID-19 lung nodules from other benign and malignant lung nodules. Lesion segmentation, feature extraction, and machine learning algorithms, including decision tree, support vector machine, random forest, feed-forward neural network, and discriminant analysis, were employed in the radiomics workflow. Key features such as Idmn, skewness, and long-run low grey level emphasis were identified as crucial in differentiation.