Transgenic HA-1-Specific CD8 T-Lymphocytes Selectively Target Leukemic Cells.

A significant share of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HSCT) results in the relapse of malignant disease. The T cell immune response to minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) promotes a favorable graft-versus-leukemia response. The immunogenic MiHA HA-1 is a promising target for leukemia immunotherapy, as it is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic tissues and presented by the common HLA A*02:01 allele.

Clinical Study of the Relationship between Sjögren Syndrome and T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: Single-Center Experience.

The relationship between Sjögren syndrome (SS) and T-cell large granular lymphocytic (T-LGL) leukemia remains unclear. In this paper, we report for the first time a large case series of 21 patients with primary and secondary SS associated with T-LGL leukemia. Our results suggest the importance of considering T-LGL leukemia in the diagnostic evaluation of SS patients, particularly when neutropenia occurs.

SARS-CoV-2 Epitopes Are Recognized by a Public and Diverse Repertoire of Human T Cell Receptors.

Understanding the hallmarks of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed antibody and T cell reactivity in convalescent COVID-19 patients and healthy donors sampled both prior to and during the pandemic. Healthy donors examined during the pandemic exhibited increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells, but no humoral response.

Novel curcumin derivatives as P-glycoprotein inhibitors: Molecular modeling, synthesis and sensitization of multidrug resistant cells to doxorubicin.

The MDR1/P-glycoprotein (Pgp)/ABCB1 multidrug transporter is being investigated as a druggable target for antitumor therapy for decades. The natural product curcumin is known to provide an efficient scaffold for compounds capable of blocking Pgp mediated efflux and sensitization of multidrug resistant (MDR) cells to the Pgp transported drug doxorubicin (Dox). We performed molecular dynamics simulations and docking of curcumin derivatives into the Pgp model.

Monocytes of Different Subsets in Complexes with Platelets in Patients with Myocardial Infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with activation of various cells, including platelets that form monocyte-platelet complexes (MPCs). Here, we analysed MPC in vivo and in vitro and investigated the abilities of different monocyte subclasses to form MPC, the characteristics of the cells involved in MPC formation and MPC changes in AMI. We identified MPC by co-staining for platelet antigen CD41a and monocyte antigens CD14 and CD16.

Protective C allele of the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1335532 is associated with strong binding of Ascl2 transcription factor and elevated CD58 expression in B-cells.

CD58 is expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, including B-cells, and provides co-stimulation to regulatory T-cells (Treg) through CD2 receptor binding. Tregs appear to be essential suppressors of tissue-specific autoimmune responses. Thereby, CD58 plays protective role in multiple sclerosis (MS) and CD58 was identified among several loci associated with MS susceptibility.

Ex vivo culture of human atherosclerotic plaques: A model to study immune cells in atherogenesis.

Background And Aims: The mechanisms that drive atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization in humans remain largely unknown. Laboratory models are needed to study these mechanisms under controlled conditions. The aim of this study was to establish a new ex vivo model of human atherosclerotic plaques that preserves the main cell types in plaques and the extracellular components in the context of native cytoarchitecture.

Addition of thrombin reduces the recovery of extracellular vesicles from blood plasma.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely studied as a system of intercellular communication, as markers of various diseases, as well as a vehicle for delivery of various bioactive molecules to various cells. Investigation of EVs' structure and function requires their isolation and precise quantification. However, in the current literature, there are significant discrepancies in the estimated numbers of EVs in different body fluids.

Flow Virometry to Analyze Antigenic Spectra of Virions and Extracellular Vesicles.

Cells release small extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the surrounding media. Upon virus infection cells also release virions that have the same size of some of the EVs. Both virions and EVs carry proteins of the cells that generated them and are antigenically heterogeneous.

Flow analysis of individual blood extracellular vesicles in acute coronary syndrome.

A diverse population of small extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released by various cells has been characterized predominantly in bulk, a procedure whereby the individual characteristics of EVs are lost. Here, we used a new nanotechnology-based flow cytometric analysis to characterize the antigenic composition of individual EVs in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Plasma EVs were captured with 15-nm magnetic nanoparticles coupled to antibodies against CD31 (predominantly an endothelial marker), CD41a (a marker for platelets), and CD63 or MHC class I (common EV markers).

Immune selection of tumor cells in TCR β-chain transgenic mice.

The concept of immunological surveillance implies that immunogenic variants of tumor cells arising in the organism can be recognized by the immune system. Tumor progression is provided by somatic evolution of tumor cells under the pressure of the immune system. The loss of MHC Class I molecules on the surface of tumor cells is one of the most known outcomes of immune selection.