Sex differences in childhood cancer risk following ART conception: a registry-based study.

Study Question: Does the risk of childhood cancer following ARTs vary by sex?

Summary Answer: In this registry-based study, some childhood cancers showed positive sex- and age-specific associations in children conceived using certain ART modalities, which were not evident in overall combined analyses.

What Is Known Already: The relationship between ART and risk of childhood cancer has shown diverse outcomes in prior research. Studies examining whether there are sex differences in childhood cancer risk after ART conception are lacking.

Epigenome-wide analysis across the development span of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: backtracking to birth.

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality in children. Causes of leukemia, the most common form, are largely unknown. Growing evidence points to an origin in-utero, when global redistribution of DNA methylation occurs driving tissue differentiation.

Management of hyperleukocytosis in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia using immediate chemotherapy without leukapheresis: results from the NOPHO-DBH AML 2012 protocol.

Hyperleukocytosis in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with severe complications and an inferior outcome. We report results on patients with hyperleukocytosis included in the NOPHO-DBH AML 2012 study. We recommended immediate initiation of full-dose chemotherapy (etoposide monotherapy for 5 days as part of the first course), avoiding leukapheresis and prephase chemotherapy.

A Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics Consortium (PACE) meta-analysis highlights potential relationships between birth order and neonatal blood DNA methylation.

Higher birth order is associated with altered risk of many disease states. Changes in placentation and exposures to in utero growth factors with successive pregnancies may impact later life disease risk via persistent DNA methylation alterations. We investigated birth order with Illumina DNA methylation array data in each of 16 birth cohorts (8164 newborns) with European, African, and Latino ancestries from the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics Consortium.

Pilot study investigating estrus length and estrus behavior in Norwegian Red cattle on a commercial dairy farm.

Introduction: Norwegian Red has been shown to have high levels of estrus behavior under experimental conditions. However, the estrus behaviors of Norwegian Red cows have not been studied under commercial conditions.

Methods: A herd of 89 Norwegian Red cows housed in free stalls on concrete, slatted floors, were continuously video monitored for 21 days.

Treatment and survival of Norwegian cattle after uterine prolapse.

Background: Bovine uterine prolapse is a sporadic but life-threatening postpartum condition. The aims of this study were; (i) to determine which clinical findings determined the likelihood of treatment vs. culling, (ii) to identify the treatment methods currently employed by Norwegian veterinary surgeons and evaluate their effect on survival, (iii) to determine if clinical findings at the time of treatment could be used to determine prognosis.

Proteogenomic analysis of acute myeloid leukemia associates relapsed disease with reprogrammed energy metabolism both in adults and children.

Despite improvement of current treatment strategies and novel targeted drugs, relapse and treatment resistance largely determine the outcome for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. To identify the underlying molecular characteristics, numerous studies have been aimed to decipher the genomic- and transcriptomic landscape of AML. Nevertheless, further molecular changes allowing malignant cells to escape treatment remain to be elucidated.

Supportive care in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia:Expert-based recommendations of the NOPHO-DB-SHIP consortium.

Introduction: Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common type of pediatric leukemia. Patients with AML are at high risk for several complications such as infections, typhlitis, and acute and long-term cardiotoxicity. Despite this knowledge, there are no definite supportive care guidelines as to what the best approach is to manage or prevent these complications.

Improving public cancer care by implementing precision medicine in Norway: IMPRESS-Norway.

Background: Matching treatment based on tumour molecular characteristics has revolutionized the treatment of some cancers and has given hope to many patients. Although personalized cancer care is an old concept, renewed attention has arisen due to recent advancements in cancer diagnostics including access to high-throughput sequencing of tumour tissue. Targeted therapies interfering with cancer specific pathways have been developed and approved for subgroups of patients.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals proinflammatory signatures associated with acute myeloid leukemia progression.

Numerous studies have been performed over the last decade to exploit the complexity of genomic and transcriptomic lesions driving the initiation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These studies have helped improve risk classification and treatment options. Detailed molecular characterization of longitudinal AML samples is sparse, however; meanwhile, relapse and therapy resistance represent the main challenges in AML care.

The Norwegian childhood cancer biobank.

Background: The rapidly expanding era of "omics" research is highly dependent on the availability of quality-proven biological material, especially for rare conditions such as pediatric malignancies. Professional biobanks provide such material, focusing on standardized collection and handling procedures, distinctive quality measurements, traceability of storage conditions, and accessibility. For pediatric malignancies, traditional tumor biobanking is challenging due to the rareness and limited amount of tissue and blood samples.

Rare and Novel Fusion Genes in Pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background/aim: Previous reports have associated the KMT2A-ELL fusion gene, generated by t(11;19)(q23;p13.1), with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We herein report a KMT2A-ELL and a novel ZNF56-KMT2A fusion genes in a pediatric T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).

Therapy-induced Deletion in 11q23 Leading to Fusion of With and Development of B Lineage Acute Lymphoplastic Leukemia in a Child Treated for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Caused by t(9;11)(p21;q23)/.

Background/aim: Fusion of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A gene (KMT2A) with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 gene (ARHGEF12), both located in 11q23, was reported in some leukemic patients. We report a KMT2A-ARHGEF12 fusion occurring during treatment of a pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with topoisomerase II inhibitors leading to a secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Materials And Methods: Multiple genetic analyses were performed on bone marrow cells of a girl initially diagnosed with AML.

Partial Response to Sorafenib in a Child With a Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasm, Eosinophilia, and a ZMYM2-FLT3 Fusion.

Dysregulated tyrosine kinases in myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia are rare, but do occur in children. To increase awareness of this diagnosis, we present a child who was diagnosed after a 3-year disease history. The patient was initially treated according to a T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma protocol, but genetic analyses at recurrence revealed microdeletions resulting in an in-frame fusion of ZMYM2 and FLT3.

Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age.

Background: Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children.

Methods: We performed meta-analysis of Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section.

Comparison of smoking-related DNA methylation between newborns from prenatal exposure and adults from personal smoking.

Cigarette smoking influences DNA methylation genome wide, in newborns from pregnancy exposure and in adults from personal smoking. Whether a unique methylation signature exists for exposure in newborns is unknown. We separately meta-analyzed newborn blood DNA methylation (assessed using Illumina450k Beadchip), in relation to sustained maternal smoking during pregnancy (9 cohorts, 5648 newborns, 897 exposed) and adult blood methylation and personal smoking (16 cohorts, 15907 participants, 2433 current smokers).

Exploring the influence from whole blood DNA extraction methods on Infinium 450K DNA methylation.

Genome-wide DNA methylation studies are becoming increasingly important in unraveling the epigenetic basis of cell biology, aging and human conditions. The aim of the present study was to explore whether different methods for extracting DNA from whole blood can affect DNA methylation outcome, potentially confounding DNA methylation studies. DNA was isolated from healthy blood donors (n = 10) using three different extraction methods (i.

Maternal BMI at the start of pregnancy and offspring epigenome-wide DNA methylation: findings from the pregnancy and childhood epigenetics (PACE) consortium.

Pre-pregnancy maternal obesity is associated with adverse offspring outcomes at birth and later in life. Individual studies have shown that epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation could contribute. Within the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) Consortium, we meta-analysed the association between pre-pregnancy maternal BMI and methylation at over 450,000 sites in newborn blood DNA, across 19 cohorts (9,340 mother-newborn pairs).

Intra-individual changes in DNA methylation not mediated by cell-type composition are correlated with aging during childhood.

Background: Several studies have reported age-associated changes in DNA methylation in the first few years of life and in adult populations, but the extent of such changes during childhood is less well studied. The goals of this study were to investigate to what degree intra-individual changes in DNA methylation are associated with aging during childhood and dissect the methylation changes directly associated with aging from the effect mediated through variation in cell-type composition (CTC).

Results: We performed reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) in peripheral whole-blood samples collected at 2, 10, and 16 years of age.