The Role of Phase Separation and Local Mobility in the Stabilization of a Lyophilized IgG2 Formulation.

The utility of employing solid-state NMR (SSNMR) to assess parameters governing the stability of a lyophilized IgG2 protein was the focus of the present work. Specifically, the interaction between the sugar stabilizer (sucrose) and protein component was measured using SSNMR and compared to physical and chemical stability data obtained from thermally stressed samples. H T and H T relaxation times were measured by SSMNR for 5 different formulation conditions, and the resultant values were used to examine local mobility and phase separation, respectively.

Update on novel validly published and included bacterial taxa derived from human clinical specimens and taxonomic revisions published in 2023.

Taxonomy is a systematic practice in which microorganisms are granted names to facilitate and standardize multi-disciplinary communication. We summarize novel bacterial taxa derived from human clinical material that were published in peer-reviewed literature and/or included by the during calendar year 2023, as well as taxonomic revisions that have been published/included by the same entity. While the majority of newly discovered facultative and anaerobic organisms were derived from microbiome surveillance, noteworthy novel taxa in the realm of pathogenicity potential include those related to spp.

An update on novel taxa and revised taxonomic status of bacteria isolated from aquatic host species described in 2022-2023.

The description of new taxa and nomenclature updates to currently known taxa from aquatic animal species continues. After a review of the literature from 2022 and 2023, multiple lists of bacteria, including members of Phylum , were compiled. As with the previous review, most bacteria are oxidase-positive Gram-negative bacilli with familiar families including new taxa in , , .

Valid and accepted novel bacterial taxa isolated from non-domestic animals and taxonomic revisions published in 2023.

Continued investigation into the bacteria associated with non-domestic animals provides important information for recognizing normal flora, assessing the health status of these unique species of animals, and identifying new or emerging pathogens of concern. In this summary of novel taxa and taxonomic revisions, considerable additions have been made toward understanding fecal and mucosal flora in multiple wild animal species. In addition, novel pathogenic bacteria are discussed, including multiple spp.

Asymptomatic Rectal Bacterial Pathogens Show Large Prospective Relationships With HIV Incidence in a Cohort of Young Sexual and Gender Minorities: Implications for STI Screening and HIV Prevention.

Background: We estimated the predictive value of rectal (bacterial sexually transmitted infection [bSTI]) pathogen detection for future HIV seroconversion among young adult sexual and gender minorities (YSGMs) assigned male at birth (AMAB).

Methods: Data were collected between March 2018 and August 2022 from RADAR, a longitudinal cohort study of YSGMs AMAB living in the Chicago metropolitan area (n = 1022). Rates of rectal bSTIs and the proportion of self-reported rectal bSTI symptoms are reported.

Miscibility of amorphous solid dispersions: A rheological and solid-state NMR spectroscopy study.

Miscibility is critical in the prediction of stability against crystallization of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) in the solid state. However, currently available approaches for its determination are limited by both theoretical and practical considerations. Recently, a rheological approach guided by the polymer overlap concentration (c*) has been proposed for miscibility quantification of ASDs [J.

nucleic acid semi-quantitation and molecular macrolide resistance detection via automated assays: gender and specimen source considerations.

Unlabelled: A laboratory-developed test (LDT) using analyte-specific reagents has been optimized on a commercial platform to detect macrolide resistance-associated mutations (MRM) in 23S rRNA from from primary clinical specimens. In this study, MRM-LDT was applied to a multi-specimen source study set. One thousand four hundred ninety-five primary specimens testing positive for by commercial transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) were initially titered by the TMA assay using serial 10-fold dilutions to semi-quantitate target nucleic acid burden.

Predicting the Stability of Formulations Containing Lyophilized Human Serum Albumin and Sucrose/Trehalose Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy.

Stabilization of proteins by disaccharides in lyophilized formulations depends on the interactions between the protein and the disaccharide (system homogeneity) and the sufficiently low mobility of the system. Human serum albumin (HSA) was lyophilized with disaccharides (sucrose and/or trehalose) in different relative concentrations. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy H T and H T relaxation times were measured to determine the homogeneity of the lyophilized systems on 20-50 and 1-3 nm domains, respectively, with H T relaxation times also being used to determine the β-relaxation rate.

Macrolide Resistance Detection is Needed in University Settings.

remains a difficult sexually-transmitted infection (STI) to manage due to its potential for antimicrobial resistance and post-infection sequelae. University students are especially vulnerable, as this demographic has the highest rate of STI in the United States. As a result, investigating prevalence rates and therapeutic outcomes in this population is essential to minimize future impact of The purpose of this study was to investigate a university student population for distribution and treatment outcome.

Predicting the Stability of Lyophilized Human Serum Albumin Formulations Containing Sucrose and Trehalose Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Effect of Storage Temperature on H T Relaxation Times.

In a lyophilized protein/disaccharide system, the ability of the disaccharide to form a homogeneous mixture with the protein and to slow the protein mobility dictates the stabilization potential of the formulation. Human serum albumin was lyophilized with sucrose or trehalose in histidine, phosphate, or citrate buffer. H T relaxation times were measured by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and were used to assess the homogeneity and mobility of the samples after zero, six, and twelve months at different temperatures.

Understanding the impact of mannitol on physical stability and aerosolization of spray-dried protein powders for inhalation.

Pulmonary delivery of protein-based therapeutics, including antibodies, is a promising option for treating respiratory diseases. Spray drying is a widely used method for producing dry powder formulations with mannitol being a commonly used excipient for these inhalation formulations. There is limited research available concerning the utilization of mannitol as an excipient in the spray drying of proteins and its impact on aerosol performance.

Update on novel validly published taxa of bacteria isolated from domestic animals described in 2022.

Expansion of our knowledge of the microbial world continues to progress at a rapid rate and carries with it an associated need for recognizing and understanding the implications of those changes. Here, we describe additions of novel taxa from domestic animals published in 2022 that are validly published per the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. These included new members of , sp.

Valid and accepted novel bacterial taxa derived from human clinical specimens and taxonomic revisions published in 2022.

Although some nomenclature changes have caused consternation among clinical microbiologists, the discovery of novel taxa and improving classification of existing groups of organisms is exciting and adds to our understanding of microbial pathogenesis. In this mini-review, we present an in-depth summary of novel taxonomic designations and revisions to prokaryotic taxonomy that were published in 2022. Henceforth, these bacteriology taxonomic summaries will appear annually.

A scoping review, mapping, and prioritisation process for emergency obstetric and neonatal quality of care indicators: Focus on provision and experience of care.

Background: Globally, approximately 800 women and 6400 newborns die around the time of childbirth each day. Many of these deaths could be prevented with high-quality emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC). The Monitoring Emergency Obstetric Care: A handbook guides strengthening EmONC services.

Optimization and Clinical Evaluation of an Automated Commercial Analyte-Specific Reagent Assay for Macrolide Resistance Detection in Primary Clinical Specimens.

With improvement in laboratory diagnosis of infection through molecular diagnostics, macrolide resistance determination within M. genitalium-positive patients is necessary. In this study, we report baseline parameters for an analyte-specific reagent (ASR) macrolide resistance real-time reverse transcriptase PCR on an open access analyzer and evaluated detection of macrolide resistance-mediated mutation (MRM) within 23S rRNA in a clinical specimen set.

Client experiences of virtual energy healing.

Context: During the COVID-19 pandemic medical and holistic health practitioners turned to utilizing virtual healthcare. As energy healing practitioners and educators who shifted to an online format, it seemed important to document descriptions of client experiences of virtual energy healing.

Objective: To describe client experiences of virtual energy healing sessions.

An Update on Novel Taxa and Revised Taxonomic Status of Bacteria (Including Members of the Phylum ) Isolated from Aquatic Host Species Described in 2018 to 2021.

Increased interest in farmed aquatic species, aquatic conservation measures, and microbial metabolic end-product utilization have translated into a need for awareness and recognition of novel microbial species and revisions to bacterial taxonomy. Because this need has largely been unmet, through a 4-year literature review, we present lists of novel and revised bacterial species (including members of the phylum ) derived from aquatic hosts that can serve as a baseline for future biennial summaries of taxonomic revisions in this field. Most new and revised taxa were noted within oxidase-positive and/or nonglucose fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, including members of the , , and genera.

Antimicrobial Activity of Tebipenem and Comparators against Enterobacterales from diverse Outpatient Centers and Nursing Homes in the United States.

Introduction: Tebipenem is a potential option for the treatment of a range of infections because of its oral dosing coupled with the safety profile of the β-lactam antimicrobial class.

Objectives: To evaluate tebipenem in vitro activity against a challenge set of clinical Enterobacterales collected from outpatient and community settings.

Methods: 618 Enterobacterales isolates were submitted by 11 geographically dispersed U.

Point-Counterpoint: What's in a Name? Clinical Microbiology Laboratories Should Use Nomenclature Based on Current Taxonomy.

INTRODUCTION The mnemonic SPICE (, Pseudomonas, indole-positive Proteus, , and Enterobacter) has served as a reminder to consider when a Gram-negative organism may carry a chromosomal copy of , with the associated risk of developing resistance to first-, second-, and third-generation cephalosporins. However, in 2017, there was a well-founded proposal to rename Enterobacter aerogenes to Klebsiella aerogenes, based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and the SPICE mnemonic lost its relevance. With the increased use of WGS for taxonomy, it seems like bacteria and fungi are undergoing constant name changes.