Study Protocol for a Prospective, Unicentric, Double-Blind, Randomized, and Placebo-Controlled Trial on the Efficacy of a Low-Histamine Diet and DAO Enzyme Supplementation in Patients with Histamine Intolerance.

Background/objectives: Histamine intolerance is primarily caused by a deficiency in the diamine oxidase (DAO) enzyme at the intestinal level. The reduced histamine degradation in the gut leads to its accumulation in plasma, thereby causing multiple clinical manifestations, such as urticaria, diarrhea, headache, dyspnea, or tachycardia, among others. The dietary management of this food intolerance consists of the follow-up of a low-histamine diet, often combined with DAO supplementation.

Asthma Control According to GINA 2023: Does Changing the Criteria Improve Asthma Control?

: Achieving disease control is the main goal in asthmatic patients in order to prevent future risks and exacerbations. There are several clinical guidelines that set different definitions of asthma control, and these differences may affect management and treatment in many patients. Our aim was to describe asthma control patterns according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2023 in patients considered to have uncontrolled asthma as per previous GINA 2010 guidelines.

Differential healthcare direct costs of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in Catalonia (Spain).

Introduction: This study compares the direct healthcare costs associated with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) from 2013 to 2017 in Catalonia (Spain) with a population control group without these conditions.

Methods: A population administrative database containing healthcare information was used. The database contained information on primary care, hospitalisations, and emergency care from 2013 to 2017 in Catalonia.

Prevalence and coexistence of type 2 inflammatory diseases.

Background: Type 2 inflammation has been described as a pathophysiological basis common to some diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and asthma (CRSwNP).

Objective: The present study used population-based prevalence in Catalonia to analyse the coexistence of type 2 inflammatory diseases in patients primarily diagnosed with the above mentioned conditions.

Results: We found a high degree of coexistence of type 2 inflammatory diseases among these patients, with the prevalence being higher in the severe forms, except for AD.

Mast Cell Activation Profile and TFH13 Detection Discriminate Food Anaphylaxis Versus Sensitization.

Background And Objective: The prevalence of food allergy (FA) has increased significantly, and the risk of developing anaphylaxis is unpredictable. Thus, discriminating between sensitized patients and those at risk of having a severe reaction is of utmost interest. To explore mast cell activation pattern and T follicular helper (TFH) 13 presence in sensitized and food anaphylaxis patients.

Upregulation of Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Expression and Lyso-Platelet-Activating Factor Isoforms in Human Nasal Polyp Tissues.

Background: The Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF)/receptor (PAFR) system is involved in asthma and allergic rhinitis; however, its role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the expression of PAFR and the concentration of Lyso-PAF isoforms in the nasal polyps (NP) of patients suffering from CRS with/without comorbidities such as asthma and NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) compared to healthy nasal mucosa (NM) from control subjects.

Methods: NM ( = 8) and NP tissues were obtained from patients undergoing surgery for septal deviation/turbinate hypertrophy or endoscopic sinus surgery, respectively.

Biomarkers of immediate drug hypersensitivity.

Immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) are a burden for patients and the health systems. This problem increases when taking into account that only a small proportion of patients initially labelled as allergic are finally confirmed after an allergological workup. The diverse nature of drugs involved will imply different interactions with the immunological system.

Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the adolescent population of Catalonia (Spain).

Background: Studies on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) for the adolescent cohort in general-based large populations are scarce worldwide. We performed a retrospective population--based observational cohort study of 76,665 adolescent patients diagnosed with AD in Catalonia (Spain). We studied the prevalence of AD by age, gender, disease severity, comorbidities, serum total immunoglobulin E (tIgE) and appropriate medical treatment (AMT) for the Catalan population.

MRGPRX2 signaling involves the Lysyl-tRNA synthetase and MITF pathway.

MRGPRX2, a G-protein-coupled-seven transmembrane domain receptor, is mainly expressed in mast cells and neurons and is involved in skin immunity and pain. It is implicated in the pathophysiology of non-IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity and has been related to adverse drug reactions. Moreover, a role has been proposed in asthma, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Prevalence of asthma in Catalonia (Spain): a retrospective, large-scale population-based study.

Background And Objective: Asthma epidemiology reports an estimated global prevalence of about 4.3-8.6% in adults, with last differences among geographical regions.

Cofactors in food anaphylaxis in adults.

Around 25% to 50% of food-induced allergic reactions in adults cause anaphylaxis, and epidemiologic evidence suggests that food is the most common cause of anaphylaxis. Reaction severity is unpredictable, and patients will often experience reactions of variable severity, even to an identical exposure (both dose and allergen). A common explanation for this phenomenon has been the impact of "cofactors"-factors that might contribute to reaction severity independent of the allergen exposure.

MITF Downregulation Induces Death in Human Mast Cell Leukemia Cells and Impairs IgE-Dependent Degranulation.

Activating mutations in KIT (CD117) have been associated with several diseases, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis. Rapidly progressing pathologies or drug resistance highlight the need for alternative treatment strategies. Previously, we reported that the adaptor molecule SH3 binding protein 2 (SH3BP2 or 3BP2) regulates KIT expression at the transcriptional level and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression at the post-transcriptional level in human mast cells and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cell lines.

Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in the Adult Population of Catalonia, Spain: A Large-Scale, Retrospective, Population-Based Study.

Background: Studies on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults in general populations are scarce worldwide. We performed a retrospective population-based observational cohort study of 537 098 adult patients diagnosed with AD in Catalonia, Spain, a larger population than in previous studies. Objectives: To study the prevalence of AD by age, sex, disease severity, multimorbidity, serum total immunoglobin E (tIgE), and appropriate medical treatment (AMT) for the population of Catalonia.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccine excipients polyethylene glycol and trometamol do not induce mast cell degranulation, in an model for non-IgE-mediated hypersensitivity.

The development of vaccines against SARS-CoV2 brought about several challenges, including the management of hypersensitivity reactions to these formulations. The search for underlying mechanisms involved in these adverse events initially focused on excipients which may trigger mast cell activation responses via non-IgE pathways: polyethylene glycol and trometamol. We sought to determine whether these components, in their pure form, were capable of stimulating mast cells directly.

Prevalence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps in Catalonia (Spain): a retrospective, large-scale population-based study.

Background: Studies on the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (NP) in general-based populations are scarce in Europe and worldwide. We performed a retrospective population-based observational cohort study of 30,189 adult patients diagnosed with NP in Catalonia (Spain).

Methodology: Adult individuals (≤18 years old) with a diagnosis of NP established by medical records at different health care levels (primary, hospital, and emergency) from the Catalan Health System (CHS) were included.

Low Levels Matter: Clinical Relevance of Low Pru p 3 sIgE in Patients With Peach Allergy.

Many clinical lab settings still use 0.35 KU/L as the cut-off for serum specific-IgE (sIgE) immunoassays, while the detection limit is 0.1 KU/L.

Major Allergen Content in Allergen Immunotherapy Products: The Limited Value of Numbers.

The prevalence of allergic disorders has increased drastically over the last 50 years to the extent that they can be considered epidemic. At present, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only therapy that targets the underlying cause of allergic disorders, and evidence of its superiority is based on data accumulated from clinical trials and observational studies demonstrating efficacy and safety. However, several aspects remain unresolved, such as harmonization and standardization of manufacturing and quantification procedures across manufacturers, homogeneous reporting of strength, and the establishment of international reference standards for many allergens.