Delayed postoperative impedance issues in patients treated with deep brain stimulation: A single-center retrospective study.

Background: In rare circumstances, an implanted deep brain stimulation device will develop impedance issues across its contacts. Even more rare is the resultant inability to program a patient effectively, or that the patients' prior programming settings become unusable.

Objective: In this study we investigate this occurrence across the device manufacturers implanted, and whether this could be resolved.

Levels and functionality of Pacific Islanders' hybrid humoral immune response to BNT162b2 vaccination and delta/omicron infection: A cohort study in New Caledonia.

Background: Pacific Islanders are underrepresented in vaccine efficacy trials. Few studies describe their immune response to COVID-19 vaccination. Yet, this characterization is crucial to re-enforce vaccination strategies adapted to Pacific Islanders singularities.

Analysis of Concussions Reported in American Professional Football Injury Reports in the 2019 Through 2023 Regular Seasons.

Objective: The National Football League (NFL) has seen increasing scrutiny regarding its management of concussions, especially following an on-field incident involving the Miami Dolphins' quarterback Tua Tagovailoa in the 2022 season. We hope to elucidate the recent trends in the diagnosis and management of concussions during the course of 5 NFL seasons from 2019 to 2023.

Methods: We queried the NFL injury reports from the 2019 through 2023 database recording players listed with concussions.

Microsurgical versus endovascular treatment of ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas: systematic review and meta-analysis with a single-center case series.

Objective: Ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are often associated with cortical venous drainage (CVD) and a higher incidence of hemorrhage compared with DAVFs in other locations. They may be treated with open surgical disconnection or with endovascular treatment (EVT). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors compare the outcomes of ethmoidal DAVFs treated with open microsurgery versus EVT and report four additional cases of ethmoidal DAVFs treated with open microsurgery in their institution.

Neutralizing and enhancing monoclonal antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients: lessons from early variant infection and impact on shaping emerging variants.

Serological studies of COVID-19 convalescent patients have identified polyclonal lineage-specific and cross-reactive antibodies (Abs), with varying effector functions against virus variants. Individual specificities of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs and their impact on infectivity by other variants have been little investigated to date. Here, we dissected at a monoclonal level neutralizing and enhancing Abs elicited by early variants and how they affect infectivity of emerging variants.

Can Publicly Available Artificial Intelligence Successfully Identify Current Procedural Terminology Codes for Common Procedures in Neurosurgery?

Objective: Coding for neurosurgical procedures is a complex process that is dynamically changing year to year, through the annual introduction and removal of codes and modifiers. The authors hoped to elucidate if publicly available artificial intelligence (AI) could offer solutions for neurosurgeons with regard to coding.

Methods: Multiple publicly available AI platforms were asked to provide Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes and Revenue Value Units (RVU) values for common neurosurgical procedures of the brain and spine with a given indication for the procedure.

Impact of influenza immunity on the mortality among older adults hospitalized with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.

It has been suggested that the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are better in individuals having recently received an influenza vaccine than in non-vaccinated individuals. We hypothesized that this association depends on the humoral responses against influenza viruses. We aim to assess the relationship between the humoral immunity against influenza and the 3-month all-cause mortality among hospitalized older patients with COVID-19.

Sotrovimab therapy elicits antiviral activities against Omicron BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 in sera of immunocompromised patients.

Antibodies effective against the recent Omicron sublineages are missing. By taking advantage of a multi-centric prospective cohort of immunocompromised individuals treated for mild-to-moderate COVID-19, Bruel et al. show that administration of 500 mg of sotrovimab induces serum neutralization and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of BQ.

Genotype and Phenotype Characterization of sp. Sarbecoviruses from Vietnam: Implications for Coronavirus Emergence.

Bats are a major reservoir of zoonotic viruses, including coronaviruses. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002/2003 in Asia, important efforts have been made to describe the diversity of circulating in bats worldwide, leading to the discovery of the precursors of epidemic and pandemic sarbecoviruses in horseshoe bats. We investigated the viral communities infecting horseshoe bats living in Northern Vietnam, and report here the first identification of sarbecoviruses in and bats.

Neuroinvasion and anosmia are independent phenomena upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.

Anosmia was identified as a hallmark of COVID-19 early in the pandemic, however, with the emergence of variants of concern, the clinical profile induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection has changed, with anosmia being less frequent. Here, we assessed the clinical, olfactory and neuroinflammatory conditions of golden hamsters infected with the original Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 strain, its isogenic ORF7-deletion mutant and three variants: Gamma, Delta, and Omicron/BA.1.

Antiviral activities of sotrovimab against BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 in sera of treated patients.

Background: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the spike of SARS-CoV-2 prevent severe COVID-19. Omicron subvariants BQ.1.

SARS-CoV-2-related bat virus behavior in human-relevant models sheds light on the origin of COVID-19.

Bat sarbecovirus BANAL-236 is highly related to SARS-CoV-2 and infects human cells, albeit lacking the furin cleavage site in its spike protein. BANAL-236 replicates efficiently and pauci-symptomatically in humanized mice and in macaques, where its tropism is enteric, strongly differing from that of SARS-CoV-2. BANAL-236 infection leads to protection against superinfection by a virulent strain.

Detection of Members, and a Novel in Hard Ticks From Danube Delta.

Ticks are involved in the transmission of various pathogens and several tick-borne diseases cause significant problems for the health of humans and livestock. The members of the genus are mainly associated with argas ticks but recent studies demonstrated the presence of novel quaranjaviruses-like in ixodid ticks. In 2020, 169 ticks were collected in Southern Romania from small ruminants and analyzed by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing.

Bat coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV-2 and infectious for human cells.

The animal reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 is unknown despite reports of SARS-CoV-2-related viruses in Asian Rhinolophus bats, including the closest virus from R. affinis, RaTG13 (refs. ), and pangolins.

Predicting Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Dependence in High Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Introduction: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) commonly presents with hydrocephalus due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) passage across the ventricular system in the brain. Placement of an external ventricular device (EVD) and in some cases ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) are often necessary for patients requiring prolonged CSF diversion. The study aimed at evaluating critical factors that play a role in determining the need for extended extraventricular drainage.

Controlling Signal Artifact With Software Threshold Imaging for Magnetic Resonance-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy.

Background: Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) uses intraoperative temperature mapping and thermal damage estimates to guide ablations of intracranial targets. In select cases, signal artifact presents at the target site and impairs intraprocedural decision-making by obscuring the visualization of both temperature imaging and the thermal damage estimate calculation. To date, the etiology and impact of signal artifact are unknown.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools in a northern French city: a retrospective serological cohort study in an area of high transmission, France, January to April 2020.

BackgroundChildren's role in SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology remains unclear. We investigated an initially unnoticed SARS-CoV-2 outbreak linked to schools in northern France, beginning as early as mid-January 2020.AimsThis retrospective observational study documents the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, linked to an affected high school (n = 664 participants) and primary schools (n = 1,340 study participants), in the context of unsuspected SARS-CoV-2 circulation and limited control measures.

Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus.

Homotypic co-infections with influenza viruses are described to increase genetic population diversity, to drive viral evolution and to allow genetic complementation. Less is known about heterotypic co-infections between influenza A (IAV) and influenza B (IBV) viruses. Previous publications showed that IAV replication was suppressed upon co-infection with IBV.

Mathematical Modeling of Thermal Damage Estimate Volumes in MR-guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy.

Background And Purpose: Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive procedure that produces real-time thermal damage estimates (TDEs) of ablation. Currently, MRgLITT software provides limited quantitative parameters for intraoperative monitoring, but orthogonal TDE-MRI slices can be utilized to mathematically estimate ablation volume. The objective of this study was to model TDE volumes and validate using post-24 hours MRI ablative volumes.

Particle-number distribution in large fluctuations at the tip of branching random walks.

We investigate properties of the particle distribution near the tip of one-dimensional branching random walks at large times t, focusing on unusual realizations in which the rightmost lead particle is very far ahead of its expected position, but still within a distance smaller than the diffusion radius ∼sqrt[t]. Our approach consists in a study of the generating function G_{Δx}(λ)=∑_{n}λ^{n}p_{n}(Δx) for the probabilities p_{n}(Δx) of observing n particles in an interval of given size Δx from the lead particle to its left, fixing the position of the latter. This generating function can be expressed with the help of functions solving the Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piscounov (FKPP) equation with suitable initial conditions.