Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Patient With Extensive Vertebral Surgical History: A Case Report.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a novel therapeutic option for refractory complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). However, SCS placement is often complicated by a prior history of surgical manipulation and hardware implantation along the spinal column. Through this case exploration, we aim to expand the technical approach to SCS implantation in CRPS and encourage further research into innovative approaches for this treatment modality.

Shifts in Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Patients, Pain, and Opioid Management Following a Dedicated Medical School Pain Curriculum.

Objective: To examine the immediate effects of a comprehensive pain course on medical students' pre-existing perceptions and attitudes toward pain patients and opioid management.

Methods: First-year medical students at a major academic medical center enrolled in a required pre-clerkship pain course in June 2020 and completed pre- and post-course online surveys with Likert-scale questions about their attitudes toward pain management and opioid-related issues. Additionally, the surveys included a free-text question where the students listed the first five words that came to mind when hearing the word "opioids".

Correlation Between Temperature Rise After Sympathetic Block and Pain Relief in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Objective: Determine the correlation between post-sympathetic block temperature change and immediate- and intermediate-term pain relief.

Design: Retrospective analysis.

Setting: Academic setting.