A 3-year epidemiological surveillance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in dogs and cats in Japan.

For three years investigations from 1996 to 1998, we tried to isolate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from fecal samples collected from dogs and cats. In results, E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from 1 out of 614 samples (0.

pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile changes resulting from spontaneous chromosomal deletions in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 during passage in cattle.

A total of 905 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 isolates that were recovered from experimentally infected cattle, in addition to the inoculated strain, were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Twelve PFGE profiles other than that of the inoculated strain were observed. We successfully identified five distinct chromosomal deletions that affected the PFGE profiles using whole-genome PCR scanning and DNA sequencing analysis.

Phage type and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis from food-producing animals in Japan between 1976 and 2004.

A total of 56 isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, including 38 isolates from poultry, 16 from cattle and two from pigs, collected between 1976 and 2004, were subjected to bacteriophage typing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Phage type (PT) 8 was predominant in bovine isolates, whereas PT1 and PT4 were predominant in poultry isolates. Resistance was found for 8 of 11 antimicrobials tested, at the following rates: 46.

Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from cattle in Japan.

The antimicrobial susceptibility of 144 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates collected from all over Japan between 1973 and 1998 were investigated. All the isolates exhibited resistance to four or more antimicrobials and 22 resistance patterns were observed. Isolates showing resistance patterns to ampicillin (A), chloramphenicol (C), streptomycin (S), sulfonamides (Su) and tetracycline (T), which are typical resistance patterns for S.

Changes in antimicrobial susceptibility in a population of Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin isolated from cattle in Japan from 1976 to 2005.

Objectives: We investigated the antimicrobial susceptibilities and resistance mechanisms of cattle-adapted Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin isolated in Japan in the past 30 years. This study is an example of evaluation of the impact of introduction of antimicrobials in veterinary medical practice on the selection of resistance in S. enterica.

Detection and characterization of variant Salmonella genomic island 1s from Salmonella Derby isolates.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution and structure of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) among Salmonella enterica serovar Derby isolates from swine and their rearing environment. Three variants of SGI1s, specifically SGI1-A, C, and I, were identified by PCR mapping. The results of macro-restriction analysis and DNA sequencing of SGI1 flanking regions revealed that there are at least two genomic lineages of Derby strains bearing SGI1s.

Pathology of cutaneous fowlpox with amyloidosis in layer hens inoculated with fowlpox vaccine.

Cutaneous fowlpox occurring in vaccinated layer hens was investigated pathologically and microbiologically. Anorexia, decrease of egg production, increased mortality, yellow scabs on faces, and alopecia of feathered skins with yellow scabs were observed in affected hens. Histologically, proliferative and necrotic dermatitis with eosinophilic ring-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions (Bollinger bodies) and clumps of gram-positive cocci (Staphylococcus hyicus) were noted in the affected birds.

Comparison of PCR-RFLP and PFGE for determining the clonality of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains.

We report here on a comparative evaluation of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) assays, and ascertain the clonal relationship between 13 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 : H7 strains isolated from fecal samples collected from three cows over a period of 2 months. PCR-RFLP analysis was carried out with either BglI or EcoRV digested LA-PCR amplicons, generated by targeting region V of the Stx-phage. While PCR-RFLP analysis placed these 13 strains into a single clonal type, pulsotyping analysis, as reported earlier, grouped these strains into four different PFGE subtypes of which three were closely related, while the other appeared to be different.

The artAB genes encode a putative ADP-ribosyltransferase toxin homologue associated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104.

Many bacterial pathogens encode ADP-ribosyltransferase toxins. The authors identified an ADP-ribosyltransferase toxin homologue (ArtA, ArtB) in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) DT104.

[Drug sensitivity of vero toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (VTEC O157:H7) isolated from human diarrhea and healthy cows].

As a part of studies on the source of infection of Vero toxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC), O157:H7 strains isolated from human infectious enteritis between 1986 and 1995 and O157:H7 strains isolated from feces of milk cows between 2001 and 2003 were subjected to drug sensitivity test with drugs widely used as therapeutic drugs for various infectious diseases in humans and animals, and the following results were obtained. 1) Drug sensitivity tests with 20 drugs were performed in 52 strains derived human from diarrhea and 100 strains derived from milk cows, and resistance was noted in 115 strains (75.7%): 36 of the 52 human diarrhea-derived strains (69.

Molecular characterization of a prophage of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104.

Isolates of the Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium definitive phage type (DT104) were found to contain the same prophage (designated phage ST104). The complete sequence of the DNA genome of prophage ST104 was determined. The entire DNA sequence consisted of 41,391 bp, including 64 open reading frames, and exhibited high similarity to P22 and to phage type conversion phage ST64T.

[Isolation and serotyping of Vero toxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) from pig].

As a part of basic studies to elucidate the source of infection of Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) infectious disease, fresh feces were collected from pigs raised in Kanto District (A and B Prefectures) and Kyushu District (C and D Prefectures) between April and October in 2000, and isolation, serotyping, toxin typing, and drug sensitivity test of VTEC were performed. 1) Of 411 fecal samples tested, VTEC was isolated from 44 samples (10.7%), consisting of 12 of 112 samples (10.

[Biological properties and drug susceptibility of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) isolated from healthy goats in Okinawa Prefecture].

Fecal samples from 116 healthy goats out of 25 randomly selected farms were examined for verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) during 1996 and 1998 in Okinawa Prefecture. VTECs were detected 204 (15.0%) from 1,361 E.