Enhancing the Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage of Coordination Polymers by Artificially Constructed Defective Sites Anchoring Redox-Active Species.

Coordination polymers (CPs) have emerged as potential energy storage materials for supercapacitors due to their tunable chemical composition, structural diversity, and multielectron redox-active sites. However, besides poor cycling stability, the practical application of dense CPs in supercapacitors is generally limited by low specific capacitance and high resistance, which are caused by their low specific surface area and dense frameworks, resulting in insufficient redox reactions of metal sites and poor ion diffusion, respectively. Here, we synthesize a new dense CP {CP-1: [Ce(obb)(HCOO)]} via self-assembly of the Ce cation and 4,4'-oxidibenzoate (obb).

Fast and motion-robust saturation transfer MRI with inherent B correction using rosette trajectories and compressed sensing.

Purpose: To implement rosette readout trajectories with compressed sensing reconstruction for fast and motion-robust CEST and magnetization transfer contrast imaging with inherent correction of B inhomogeneity.

Methods: A pulse sequence was developed for fast saturation transfer imaging using a stack of rosette trajectories with a higher sampling density near the k-space center. Each rosette lobe was segmented into two halves to generate dual-echo images.

CEST and nuclear Overhauser enhancement imaging with deep learning-extrapolated semisolid magnetization transfer reference: Scan-rescan reproducibility and reliability studies.

Purpose: To develop a novel MR physics-driven, deep-learning, extrapolated semisolid magnetization transfer reference (DeepEMR) framework to provide fast, reliable magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) and CEST signal estimations, and to determine the reproducibility and reliability of the estimates from the DeepEMR.

Methods: A neural network was designed to predict a direct water saturation and MTC-dominated signal at a certain CEST frequency offset using a few high-frequency offset features in the Z-spectrum. The accuracy, scan-rescan reproducibility, and reliability of MTC, CEST, and relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement (rNOE) signals estimated from the DeepEMR were evaluated on numerical phantoms and in heathy volunteers at 3 T.

Bloch simulator-driven deep recurrent neural network for magnetization transfer contrast MR fingerprinting and CEST imaging.

Purpose: To develop a unified deep-learning framework by combining an ultrafast Bloch simulator and a semisolid macromolecular magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) MR fingerprinting (MRF) reconstruction for estimation of MTC effects.

Methods: The Bloch simulator and MRF reconstruction architectures were designed with recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks, evaluated with numerical phantoms with known ground truths and cross-linked bovine serum albumin phantoms, and demonstrated in the brain of healthy volunteers at 3 T. In addition, the inherent magnetization-transfer ratio asymmetry effect was evaluated in MTC-MRF, CEST, and relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement imaging.

Deep learning-based Lorentzian fitting of water saturation shift referencing spectra in MRI.

Purpose: Water saturation shift referencing (WASSR) Z-spectra are used commonly for field referencing in chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI. However, their analysis using least-squares (LS) Lorentzian fitting is time-consuming and prone to errors because of the unavoidable noise in vivo. A deep learning-based single Lorentzian Fitting Network (sLoFNet) is proposed to overcome these shortcomings.

Assessment of Surface and Build-up Doses for a 6 MV Photon Beam using Parallel Plate Chamber, EBT3 Gafchromic Films, and PRIMO Monte Carlo Simulation Code.

Background: Accurate assessment of surface and build-up doses has a key role in radiotherapy, especially for the superficial lesions with uncertainties involved while performing measurements in the build-up region.

Objective: This study aimed to assess surface and build-up doses for 6 MV photon beam from linear accelerator using parallel plate ionization chamber, EBT3 Gafchromic films, and PRIMO Monte Carlo (MC) simulation code.

Material And Methods: In this experimental study, parallel plate chamber (PPC05) and EBT3 Gafchromic films were used to measure doses in a build-up region for 6 MV beam from the linear accelerator for different field sizes at various depths ranging from 0 to 2 cm from the surface with 100 cm source to surface distance (SSD) in a solid water phantom.

Prediction of response to radiotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma cervix using multiparametric MRI: A prospective, single-center, longitudinal study.

Purpose: To evaluate the possible role of a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and semiquantitative fusion map for the prediction of response to radiotherapy in carcinoma cervix.

Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, longitudinal observational study performed on patients with locally advanced carcinoma cervix. Relative blood flow (rBF), relative blood volume (rBV), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained before and after the onset of radiotherapy.

Biotite as a geoindicator of rare earth element contamination in Gomati River Basin, Ganga Alluvial Plain, northern India.

Rare earth elements (REE) are emerging as modern high-technology-related novel micro-contaminants in freshwater aquatic systems and are therefore attracting global attention due to their potential human health risks. The Gomati River (a tributary of the Ganga River) sediments were analyzed for REE concentrations to establish REE contamination and to identify biotite mica mineral as a geoindicator. Chondrite-normalized REE pattern of the river sediments and biotite mica mineral were similar and depict a strong light REE (LREE) enrichment and relatively flatter heavy REE (HREE).

Changes in the proportions of an active pharmaceutical through cocrystals.

In this study, the modulation of amounts sulfathiazolium cations in different 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylates is demonstrated. An uncommon monoionic sulfathiazolium zinc 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate (1:1 electrolyte) complex was characterized. Conventional sulfathiazolium zinc-bis-2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate dianionic complexes (2:1 electrolyte) were formed when hydroxyaromatic compounds such as 1,3-dihydroxybenzene or 3-nitrophenol were used as guest components.

Intensity inhomogeneity correction of MRI images using InhomoNet.

Intensity inhomogeneity is one of the major artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Bias field present in MRI images alters true pixel value and produces spurious varying pixel intensities. This artifact affects the diagnosis by radiologists in a detrimental manner and also degrades the performance of computer-aided diagnosis algorithms such as segmentation.

Unsupervised smoke to desmoked laparoscopic surgery images using contrast driven Cyclic-DesmokeGAN.

In laparoscopic surgery, energized dissecting devices and laser ablation causes smoke, which degrades the visual quality of the operative field. This paper proposes an unsupervised approach to desmoke laparoscopic images called Cyclic-DesmokeGAN. In the generator, multi-scale residual blocks help to alleviate the smoke component at multiple scales, while refinement module helps to obtain desmoked images with sharper boundaries.

Stacking among the clips of the poly-aromatic rings of phenazine with hydroxy-aromatics and photophysical properties.

Clip-like arrangements of molecules in the cocrystals of phenazine with hydroxy-aromatics in their respective self-assemblies and photophysical properties were presented. Phenazine cocrystals with 1,2-dihydroxybenzene provided assembly with butterfly-like arrangements. In these cocrystals, the phenazine molecules occurred in parallel pairs having extensive π-stacking.

Combinations of Tautomeric Forms and Neutral-Cationic Forms in the Cocrystals of Sulfamethazine with Carboxylic Acids.

The cocrystals of sulfamethazine with different acids, namely, 2-mercaptophenylcarboxylic acid, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 4-(4-hydroxyphenylazo)phenylcarboxylic acid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid, and 4-(phenyl)phenylcarboxylic acid, are studied here. Each has distinct notable supramolecular features. The pyrimidin-2-amine unit of the sulfamethazine provided unique examples of cocrystals in which amidine and imidine forms or neutral and protonated forms of sulfamethazine are observed in 2:2 ratios.

Mapping human health risk by geostatistical method: a case study of mercury in drinking groundwater resource of the central ganga alluvial plain, northern India.

Human health is "at risk" from exposure to sub-lethal elemental occurrences at a local and or regional scale. This is of global concern as good-quality drinking water is a basic need for our wellbeing. In the present study, the "probability kriging," a geostatistical method that has been used to predict the risk magnitude of the areas where the probability of dissolved mercury concentration (dHg) is higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit.

Dual Modes and Dual Emissions of an Amino-Naphthoquinone Derivative.

3-(1,4-Dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl-amino)benzoic acid shows multiple tunable fluorescence emissions depending on solvent, pH and wavelength of excitation. Independent dual fluorescence emissions are observed while exciting compound 3-(1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl-amino)benzoic acid in UV-region or in visible region. In methanol at low concentration it shows both S-S emission and ESIPT emission at 307 nm and 480 nm.

Optimized Multistable Stochastic Resonance for the Enhancement of Pituitary Microadenoma in MRI.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice as far as imaging diagnosis of pathologies in the pituitary gland is concerned. Furthermore, the advent of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) has enhanced the capability of this modality in detecting minute benign but endocrinologically significant tumors called microadenoma. These lesions are visible with difficulty and a low confidence level in routine MRI sequences, even after administration of intravenous gadolinium.

Bibliography of environmental studies in natural characteristics and anthropogenic influences on the Ganga River.

During the second half of the 20th century, the Ganga River ecosystem has been continuously altered by several ongoing anthropogenic processes, accommodating multi-dimensional pressure due to increase of nearly four-fold human population. For solution of any environmental issues of the river, the Earth System Science approach is required to have maximum socio-economic benefits to millions of people living in Indian and Bangladesh. A bibliography containing more than 250 references on environmental studies of the Ganga River was prepared to preserve its ecosystem by providing the baseline support in this regard.

Lead decline in the Indian environment resulting from the petrol-lead phase-out programme.

Recently, the lead content of various environmental components has decreased in response to replacement of leaded petrol by unleaded petrol. In India, 15 research studies are here assessed with respect to lead concentrations in various environmental components during the leaded petrol phase (before 1996), the transitional phase (1996-2000) and the unleaded petrol phase (2000 onwards). The Ganga River Water exhibited a decrease in lead concentration from 18.

Biomonitoring of lead in atmospheric environment of an urban center of the Ganga Plain, India.

Monitoring of atmospheric lead from the Dalbergia sissoo tree was undertaken at Lucknow urban centre of the Ganga Plain, India. A total of 26 leaf samples were collected in spring, monsoon and winter seasons from 16 sampling sites and was analysed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method. Lead concentrations were low in spring season, increased in monsoon to winter seasons and range from 2.