Nine-Year Trend in the Prevalence of Allergic Diseases and Their Associated Factors in Young Adults.

Introduction: Notably, few studies have evaluated the recent changes in the prevalence of allergic diseases in young adults. Studies examining the risk of allergy in two populations with similar social backgrounds, other than the region in which they live, are rare.

Methods: First-year students from Hokkaido University were enrolled in this study between 2011 and 2019.

Applicable predictive factors extracted from peak flow trajectory for the prediction of asthma exacerbation.

Background: Real-time asthma exacerbation prediction and acute asthma attack detection are essential for patients with severe asthma. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) exhibits a potential for use in long-term asthma self-monitoring. However, the method for processing PEF calculations remains to be clarified.

Association of serum CC16 levels with eosinophilic inflammation and respiratory dysfunction in severe asthma.

Background: There are knowledge gaps in the potential role of Club cell 16-kDa secretory protein (CC16) in severe asthma phenotypes and type 2 inflammation, as well as the longitudinal effect of CC16 on pulmonary function tests and exacerbation risk in epidemiological studies.

Objective And Methods: To assess whether serum CC16 is associated with eosinophilic inflammation in patients with severe asthma. We also examined the effect of this protein on the annual decline in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV) and the risk of exacerbation using a longitudinal approach.

Combination therapy with remdesivir and immunomodulators improves respiratory status in COVID-19: A retrospective study.

Immunomodulators (tocilizumab/baricitinib) improve outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, but the synergistic effect of remdesivir is unknown. The effect of combination therapy with remdesivir, immunomodulators, and standard treatment in COVID-19 patients was investigated. This retrospective, single-center study included COVID-19 patients who were treated with tocilizumab or baricitinib.

An Adult Case of Unilateral Left Pulmonary Artery Agenesis Presenting with Hemoptysis.

Pulmonary artery agenesis (PAA) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly usually diagnosed during infancy. We herein report a 67-year-old man with PAA manifesting as massive hemoptysis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest revealed the diagnosis of PAA, which we speculated to have resulted in the present event.

Effects of obesity on CC16 and their potential role in overweight/obese asthma.

Introduction: Club cell secretory protein-16 (CC16) is a major anti-inflammatory protein expressed in the airway; however, the potential role of CC16 on overweight/obese asthma has not been assessed. In this study, we examined whether obesity reduces airway/circulatory CC16 levels using experimental and epidemiological studies. Then, we explored the mediatory role of CC16 in the relationship of overweight/obesity with clinical asthma measures.

Further evidence for association of YKL-40 with severe asthma airway remodeling.

Background: The chitinase-like protein YKL-40 is associated with airflow limitation on spirometry and airway remodeling in patients with asthma. It remains unclear whether YKL-40 is associated with morphologic changes in the airways and parenchyma or with future progression of airflow limitation in severe asthma.

Objective: To evaluate the association of circulating YKL-40 levels with morphologic changes in the airways and parenchyma and with longitudinal progression of airflow limitation.

Delayed-onset Organizing Pneumonia Emerging after Recovery from Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Report of Three Cases Diagnosed Using Transbronchial Cryobiopsy and a Review of the Literature.

We present three cases with an atypical clinical course of organizing pneumonia (OP) secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Three patients were discharged with satisfactory improvement after standard steroid therapy for COVID-19. Shortly after the completion of treatment, the patients experienced a flare-up of symptoms.

Proposal of COVID-19 Clinical Risk Score for the management of suspected COVID-19 cases: a case control study.

Background: No clinical scoring system has yet been established to estimate the likelihood of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and determine the suitability of diagnostic testing in suspected COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study of patients with suspected COVID-19 and confirmed COVID-19. Patient background, clinical course, laboratory and computed tomography (CT) findings, and the presence of alternative diagnoses were evaluated.

Determination of the cutoff values of Th2 markers for the prediction of future exacerbation in severe asthma: An analysis from the Hokkaido Severe Asthma Cohort Study.

Background: We recently reported that severe asthma patients with frequent exacerbations showed high blood eosinophil counts (Eo) and fractions of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) compared with non-exacerbators. However, we did not determine exact cutoff values related to exacerbation. The aim of this study was to determine the cutoff values of Eo and FeNO that could be related to the exacerbation of severe asthma.

An adult case of severe life-threatening Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia due to a macrolide-resistant strain, Japan: a case report.

Background: Until now, the prevalence of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection among adult patients has been low, and severe MP pneumonia due to a macrolide-resistant strain has seldom been reported. Here, we describe a rare case of severe life-threatening MP pneumonia due to a macrolide-resistant strain in an adult, which was finally treated with fluoroquinolone and tetracycline after failed treatment with macrolide and corticosteroid.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old apparently healthy woman complained of fever and productive cough.

Impact of Abdominal Visceral Adiposity on Adult Asthma Symptoms.

Background: Previous studies have shown the association of anthropometric measures with poor asthma symptoms, especially among women. However, the potential influence of visceral adiposity on asthma symptoms has not been investigated well.

Objective: In this study, we have evaluated whether visceral adiposity is related to poor adult asthma symptoms independent of anthropometric measures and sex.

Associations of Current Wheeze and Body Mass Index with Perennial and Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis in Young Adults.

Background: The coexistence of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) and its distinct association with obesity have been reported. However, few studies have differentiated the two types of AR, i.e.

Azole susceptibility in clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus from eastern Hokkaido, Japan.

Azole antifungals are used not only clinically for fungal infections but also used as agricultural fungicides. Recently, azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus containing a tandem repeat in the promoter region of cyp51A combined with amino acid substitution(s) appears in the environment in Eurasia, especially in several European countries. Although azole fungicides have been used in Japan, especially in Hokkaido, surveillance and characterization of A.