Difference in the accuracy of the third-generation algorithm and the first-generation algorithm of FreeStyle Libre continuous glucose monitoring device.

Background: FreeStyle Libre uses the algorithm to calculate the sensor glucose (SG) levels. The manufacturer announced that they had changed the algorithm from the first generation (Gen. 1) to the third generation (Gen.

Predictors of the effectiveness of isCGM usage in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: post-hoc analysis of the ISCHIA study.

Aim: The Effect of Intermittent-Scanning Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Glycemic Control Including Hypoglycemia and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (ISCHIA) study was a randomized, crossover trial that reported the decrease in time below range (TBR) by the use of intermittent-scanning continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) combined with structured education in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated by multiple daily injections. The participants were instructed to perform frequent scanning of the isCGM sensor (10 times a day or more) and ingest sugar when impending hypoglycemia is suspected by tracking the sensor glucose levels and the trend arrow. We conducted post-hoc analysis to identify factors affecting difference in TBR (∆TBR), in time in range (∆TIR), and in time above range (∆TAR).

Five percent weight loss is a significant 1-year predictor and an optimal 5-year cut-off for reducing the number of obesity-related cardiovascular disease risk components: the Japan Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Study.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the amount of weight loss needed in patients with obesity to improve metabolic syndrome (MetS), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), over a long period of time.

Methods: A total of 576 patients with obesity were enrolled in this study. Effects of continuous physician-supervised weight loss on the cumulative MetS components excluding abdominal circumference (defined as obesity-related CVD risk score) were investigated during a 5-year follow-up period.

Causes of In-Hospital Death and Pharmaceutical Associations with Age of Death during a 10-Year Period (2011-2020) in Individuals with and without Diabetes at a Japanese Community General Hospital.

Since diabetes and its complications have been thought to exaggerate cardiorenal disease, resulting in a short lifespan, we investigated causes of death and lifespans in individuals with and without diabetes at a Japanese community general hospital during the period from 2011 to 2020. Causes of death and age of death in individuals with and those without diabetes were compared, and associations between medications used and age of death were statistically analyzed. A total of 2326 deaths were recorded during the 10-year period.

Association between glycemic control and patient-reported outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes in Japan: the SAGE study subanalysis.

Aims/introduction: Psychosocial aspects and the quality of life (QOL) of individuals with diabetes are important for achieving glycemic control and treatment goals. Here, we describe patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of Japanese adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and evaluate the association thereof with glycemic control.

Materials And Methods: This subanalysis of a subgroup of 528 Japanese participants in the SAGE study of adults with T1D used data on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and PRO scores [Hypoglycemia Fear Survey-II (HFS-II), Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID), Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (ITSQ), and Audit of Diabetes-Dependent QOL (ADDQoL)] and summarized the score by the predefined age groups (26-44-years: n = 208, 45-64-years: n = 217, and ≥ 65-years: n = 103).

Nasal Glucagon Reverses Insulin-induced Hypoglycemia With Less Rebound Hyperglycemia: Pooled Analysis of Clinical Trials.

Background: Rebound hyperglycemia may occur following glucagon treatment for severe hypoglycemia. We assessed rebound hyperglycemia occurrence after nasal glucagon (NG) or injectable glucagon (IG) administration in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This was a pooled analysis of 3 multicenter, randomized, open-label studies (NCT03339453, NCT03421379, NCT01994746) in patients ≥18 years with T1D or T2D with induced hypoglycemia.

Safety and glycemic control with insulin degludec use in clinical practice: results from a 3-year Japanese post-marketing surveillance study.

Introduction: Insulin degludec (degludec) is a basal insulin with a long duration of action. This post-marketing surveillance study monitored safety and glycemic control during use of degludec for 3 years in normal clinical practice in Japan.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter, open-label, observational study included patients with diabetes receiving degludec in Japan between 2013 and 2019.

Telenutrition Education Is Effective for Glycemic Management in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial in Japan.

This study examined the non-inferior efficacy of telenutrition education compared with face-to-face nutrition education in managing glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants had T2DM and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ranged 6.5-9.

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Skin Autofluorescence and Tubular Injury Defined by Urinary Excretion of Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein in People with Type 2 Diabetes.

It has previously been unclear whether the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, which can be measured using skin autofluorescence (SAF), has a significant role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), including glomerular injury and tubular injury. This study was therefore carried out to determine whether SAF correlates with the progression of DKD in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In 350 Japanese people with T2D, SAF values were measured using an AGE Reader, and both urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), as a biomarker of glomerular injury, and urine liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (uLFABP)-to-creatinine ratio (uL-FABPCR), as a biomarker of tubular injury, were estimated as indices of the severity of DKD.

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, an Adrenal Androgen, Is Inversely Associated with Prevalence of Dynapenia in Male Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is thought to be associated with life expectancy and anti-aging. Although skeletal muscle disorders are often found in diabetic people, the clinical significance of DHEAS in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether DHEAS is associated with the development of skeletal muscle disorders in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Long-term effects of ipragliflozin on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes: insights from the randomized PROTECT trial.

Although previous reports have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have a blood pressure (BP) lowering effect, relevant long-term data is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor ipragliflozin on BP, and associations between BP reduction and changes in cardiometabolic variables in diabetic patients. This was a sub-analysis of the PROTECT trial, a multicenter, randomized, open-label study to assess if ipragliflozin delays carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Molecular composition of adiponectin in urine is a useful biomarker for detecting early stage of diabetic kidney disease.

We previously developed two immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassays (ICT-EIA) to measure total adiponectin (T-AN) and high molecular weight adiponectin (H-AN) in urine and have verified their usefulness as biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease. In this study, we developed T-AN and H-AN assays using the sandwich EIA (Sand-EIA). The reactivities of Sand-EIAs were compared with ICT-EIAs by measuring size exclusion chromatography (SEC) fractions of urine and adiponectin standard.

Albuminuria and Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes on SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Prospective Study.

Introduction: Large-scale clinical trials of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) demonstrate proteinuria-reducing effects in diabetic kidney disease, even after treatment with renin-angiotensin inhibitors. The precise mechanism for this favorable effect remains unclear. This prospective open-label single-arm study investigated factors associated with a reduction in proteinuria after SGLT2i administration.

Evaluation of changes in glycemic control and diabetic complications over time and factors associated with the progression of diabetic complications in Japanese patients with juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in glycemic control and diabetic complications over time in Japanese patients with juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus and to clarify the factors associated with the progression of diabetic complications.

Methods: We tracked 129 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (21.8 ± 4.

Effect of joint limitation and balance control on gait changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Aims: This study analyzed the gait patterns of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) patients and changes in the center of mass sway to prevent the formation and recurrence of foot ulcers.

Methods: Forty-two subjects were divided into the diabetes mellitus (DM), DPN, and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) groups. We measured the range of motion (ROM) of the lower limb joints in the resting position and the center of mass sway in the standing position.

Systematic Literature Review and Indirect Treatment Comparison of Three Ready-to-Use Glucagon Treatments for Severe Hypoglycemia.

Introduction: Ready-to-use glucagon represents a significant advancement in the management of severe hypoglycemia for people with diabetes and their caregivers. This indirect treatment comparison (ITC) evaluated the efficacy and safety differences among the three ready-to-use glucagon treatments, Baqsimi (nasal glucagon), Gvoke (glucagon injection) and Zegalogue (dasiglucagon injection), in adults and children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy and safety of Baqsimi, Gvoke or Zegalogue versus reconstituted, injectable glucagon (IG) in reversing insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

Possible Relationship between the Deteriorated Accuracy of Intermittent-Scanning Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device and the Contact Dermatitis: Post-hoc analysis of the ISCHIA Study.

Objective: We previously reported the mean average relative difference (MARD) of the sensor glucose (SG) of the first-generation FreeStyle Libre with the original algorithm, an intermittent scanning continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) device, was 15.6% in the Effect of Intermittent-Scanning Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Glycemic Control Including Hypoglycemia and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Study (ISCHIA Study). In the present study, we aimed to further analyze its accuracy in detail by conducting a post-hoc analysis of the study.

Factors associated with carotid intima-media thickness progression in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia: insights from the PRIZE study.

Hyperuricemia is reportedly associated with the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate of cardiovascular risks and events. However, factors associated with carotid IMT progression in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia are largely unknown. In this post-hoc analysis of the multicenter, randomized PRIZE study, we analyzed data from a total of 326 patients who underwent carotid ultrasonography in a blind manner at baseline and 24 months to evaluate carotid IMT.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral changes and glycemic control and a survey of telemedicine in patients with diabetes: A multicenter retrospective observational study.

Aims/introduction: To investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected behavioral changes and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and to conduct a survey of telemedicine during the pandemic.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 2,348 patients were included from 15 medical facilities. Patients were surveyed about their lifestyle changes and attitudes toward telemedicine.

Umami taste sensitivity is associated with food intake and oral environment in subjects with diabetes.

Objective: Dysgeusia is a serious problem in patients with diabetes because it often leads to overeating, which is associated with disease progression. This study aimed to investigate the association between taste sensitivity, eating habits, and the oral environment.

Subjects And Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 75 subjects with diabetes, gustatory function was assessed using the whole-mouth method, and lingual taste receptor gene expression was measured by real-time PCR.

Vascular Endothelial Function Is Associated with eGFR Slope in Female and Non-Smoking Male Individuals with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Pilot Study on the Predictive Value of FMD for Renal Prognosis.

Aims: It is known that there are sex differences in vascular endothelial function and the development of chronic kidney diseases; however, it remains unclear whether sex differences influence the association between vascular endothelial function and renal prognosis.

Methods: To clarify the relationship between vascular endothelial function and longitudinal eGFR changes in male and female patients with cardiovascular risk factors, we retrospectively evaluated 341 patients (176 males and 165 females) with cardiovascular risk factors in whom vascular function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and in whom 24-month longitudinal eGFR values were recorded after the vascular function examinations. Associations of values of FMD and baPWV with values of eGFR slope were statistically analyzed.