Synergistic effect of energy drinks and overweight/obesity on cardiac autonomic testing using the Valsalva maneuver in university students.

Background: Obesity and caffeine consumption may lead to autonomic disturbances that can result in a wide range of cardiovascular disorders.

Objectives: To determine autonomic disturbances produced by the synergistic effects of overweight or obesity (OW/OB) and energy drinks.

Design: Cross-sectional, analytical.

Effects of energy drink consumption on corrected QT interval and heart rate variability in young obese Saudi male university students.

Background And Objectives: Consumption of energy drinks has adverse effects on the heart that might be potentiated in obese individuals. Since the incidence of obesity and use of energy drinks is high among Saudi youth, we used non-invasive tests to study hemodynamic changes produced by altered autonomic cardiac activ.ity following consumption of energy drinks in obese male students.