Assessment of cognitive biases in Augmented Reality: Beyond eye tracking.

We study an individual's propensity for rational thinking; the avoidance of cognitive biases (unconscious errors generated by our mental simplification methods) using a novel augmented reality (AR) platform. Specifically, we developed an odd-one-out (OOO) game-like task in AR designed to try to induce and assess confirmatory biases. Forty students completed the AR task in the laboratory, and the short form of the comprehensive assessment of rational thinking (CART) online via the Qualtrics platform.

Dizziness: Approach to Evaluation and Management.

Dizziness is a common yet imprecise symptom. It was traditionally divided into four categories based on the patient's history: vertigo, presyncope, disequilibrium, and light-headedness. However, the distinction between these symptoms is of limited clinical usefulness.

Louisiana and Mississippi Family Physicians' Contraception Counseling for Adolescents with a Focus on Intrauterine Contraception.

Study Objective: The adolescent pregnancy rate in Louisiana (LA) and Mississippi (MS) is one of the highest in the United States. One approach to decrease that rate is to increase contraceptive use. We sought to characterize LA and MS family physicians' (FPs) contraception counseling for adolescents with a focus on the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD).

Rosacea: Diagnosis and Treatment.

Rosacea is a chronic facial skin condition of unknown cause. It is characterized by marked involvement of the central face with transient or persistent erythema, telangiectasia, inflammatory papules and pustules, or hyperplasia of the connective tissue. Transient erythema, or flushing, is often accompanied by a feeling of warmth.

Hip fracture: diagnosis, treatment, and secondary prevention.

Hip fractures cause significant morbidity and are associated with increased mortality. Women experience 80% of hip fractures, and the average age of persons who have a hip fracture is 80 years. Most hip fractures are associated with a fall, although other risk factors include decreased bone mineral density, reduced level of activity, and chronic medication use.

Outpatient management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Approximately 2% to 9% of patients seen in a family physician's office have alcohol dependence. These patients are at risk of developing alcohol withdrawal syndrome if they abruptly abstain from alcohol use. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome begins six to 24 hours after the last intake of alcohol, and the signs and symptoms include tremors, agitation, nausea, sweating, vomiting, hallucinations, insomnia, tachycardia, hypertension, delirium, and seizures.

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in children.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an RNA virus that causes respiratory tract infections in children. In the North- ern Hemisphere, the peak infection season is November through April. By two years of age, most children will have had an RSV infection.

Alpha and beta thalassemia.

The thalassemias are a group of inherited hematologic disorders caused by defects in the synthesis of one or more of the hemoglobin chains. Alpha thalassemia is caused by reduced or absent synthesis of alpha globin chains, and beta thalassemia is caused by reduced or absent synthesis of beta globin chains. Imbalances of globin chains cause hemolysis and impair erythropoiesis.

Proxies' decisions about clinical research participation for their charges.

Objective: To examine the process by which proxies decide about their charges' participation in clinical research.

Design: Using eight hypothetical research studies encompassing a variety of risks and benefits, we interviewed 315 competent persons > or = 65 years old (charges) and, separately, the individuals who would be designated as their proxies if the charges were to become incompetent. The proxies were asked what they thought their charges would decide and what decisions they would make for their charges and for their own participation.

Organ-limited autopsies. Obtaining permission for postmortem examination of the urinary tract.

Objective: To develop a systematic pre- and postmortem program for obtaining permission for autopsies limited to the urinary tract.

Design: Comparison versus historical control of autopsy permission using a new process comprising premortem education, modification of the permission process, and autopsy limited to the urinary tract.

Participants And Setting: Patients, family members, and healthcare providers associated with a nursing home.

Family medicine residents' knowledge and attitudes about drug-nutrient interactions.

Objective: The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) requires that health professionals recognize the importance of drug-nutrient interactions and educate patients to prevent adverse effects. Drug-nutrient interactions are an important issue in medical practice, but it is not clear how or if physicians are trained in this issue.

Methods: This investigation was a needs assessment that examined attitudes and knowledge about drug-nutrient interactions that was examined in a national sample of 834 family medicine residents in 56 residency programs.