Understanding the adult and adolescent patient experience with cyclic vomiting syndrome: a concept elicitation study.

Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a phasic disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by episodes of severe nausea and vomiting. In-depth qualitative research on phase-specific CVS symptoms and impacts is lacking. The study objectives were to explore the experience of patients with CVS in the United States and to identify CVS symptoms and impacts on adults, adolescents, and caregivers.

The menopausal transition and multiple physiologic measures of early brain health in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.

Objective: This study proposed to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of menopausal status with physiologic brain magnetic resonance imaging measures.

Methods: The sample included women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study who self-reported their reproductive histories and participated in the brain magnetic resonance imaging substudies at the year 25 (n = 292) and year 30 (n = 258) follow-up examinations. Menopausal status was classified based on natural menstrual cycle regularity/cessation at both time points.

Development and Validation of a Canine Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire and a Human-Canine Bond Questionnaire for Use in Veterinary Practice.

The use of valid questionnaires to assess dogs' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in veterinary practice can improve canine health outcomes and communications between veterinarians and caretakers of dogs. The Canine HRQoL Questionnaire (Canine HRQoL-Q) and the Human-Canine Bond Questionnaire (HCBQ) were developed and validated to fulfill this need. A literature review, interviews with veterinarians, and focus groups with caretakers were conducted to generate questionnaire items and develop draft questionnaires, which were piloted with caretakers to establish their content validity.

Associations of Physical Activity and Lactation Duration With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: The CARDIA Study.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and lactation benefit cardiometabolic health.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the joint associations of PA and lactation with cardiometabolic risk.

Methods: We averaged PA across exams and summed lifetime lactation in Black and White parous women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Psychometric properties of the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Activities of Daily Living for Mild Cognitive Impairment (ADCS-MCI-ADL) scale: a post hoc analysis of the ADCS ADC-008 trial.

Background: The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Activities of Daily Living Scale for use in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), the ADCS-ADL-MCI, is an evaluation scale with information provided by an informant/caregiver to describe the functional impairment of patients with MCI. As the ADCS-ADL-MCI has yet to undergo a full psychometric evaluation, this study aimed to evaluate the measurement properties of the ADCS-ADL-MCI in subjects with amnestic MCI.

Methods: Measurement properties, including item-level analysis, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity (convergent/discriminant, known-groups validity), and responsiveness were evaluated using data from the ADCS ADC-008 trial, a 36-month, multicenter, placebo-controlled study in 769 subjects with amnestic MCI (defined by clinical criteria and a global clinical dementia rating, CDR, score of 0.

Ulcerative Colitis-Symptom Questionnaire: Valid for Use in Adults with Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Due to wide-ranging impacts of Ulcerative Colitis (UC), regulatory authorities emphasize the importance of including validated patient-reported symptom severity measures in clinical trials.

Aim: To describe the development and validation of the Ulcerative Colitis-Symptom Questionnaire (UC-SQ).

Methods: The UC-SQ was developed in a qualitative study involving a targeted literature review, semi-structured concept elicitation interviews, and combined concept elicitation/cognitive interviews.

Diet quality and periodontal disease: Results from the oral infections, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance study (ORIGINS).

Aims: This study examined the cross-sectional association between diet quality and periodontal disease.

Materials And Methods: In the Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS), 923 individuals completed the National Cancer Institute's validated Diet History Questionnaire 1, from which the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores and A Priori Diet Quality Scores (APDQS) were calculated. Mean probing depth (MPD), mean clinical attachment loss (MAL) and % of sites bleeding on probing (%BOP) were derived from full-mouth periodontal exams.

Designing online grocery stores to support healthy eating for weight loss.

Objectives: The current study aimed to identify features to include in online grocery stores to support healthful food purchasing by those striving to lose weight.

Design: A Value Proposition Design approach was used to gain shopper insights, devise potential online grocery store features and obtain feedback on these features.

Setting: Telephone interviews were conducted to gain insight into shoppers' needs and perceptions.

Associations of breastfeeding or formula feeding with infant anthropometry and body composition at 6 months.

The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of mode of feeding with infant anthropometric and body composition variables at 6 months of age. We studied 259 infants whose exclusive mode of feeding (breast or formula) to 1 month was confirmed. Standard anthropometric characteristics of the infants (weight, length and weight-for-length z scores) were obtained, and body composition (total fat mass, fat-free mass, trunk fat mass and body fat percent) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at 6 months (±12 days).

Association of Full Breastfeeding Duration with Postpartum Weight Retention in a Cohort of Predominantly Breastfeeding Women.

Full breastfeeding (FBF) is promoted as effective for losing pregnancy weight during the postpartum period. This study evaluated whether longer FBF is associated with lower maternal postpartum weight retention (PPWR) as compared to a shorter FBF duration. The MILK (Mothers and Infants Linked for Healthy Growth) study is an ongoing prospective cohort of 370 mother-infant dyads, all of whom fully breastfed their infants for at least 1 month.

Higher Maternal Diet Quality during Pregnancy and Lactation Is Associated with Lower Infant Weight-For-Length, Body Fat Percent, and Fat Mass in Early Postnatal Life.

Maternal pregnancy nutrition influences fetal growth. Evidence is limited, however, on the relationship of maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation on infant postnatal growth and adiposity. Our purpose was to examine associations between maternal diet quality during pregnancy and lactation with offspring growth and body composition from birth to six months.

Quality of Life after Dietary Self-Management Intervention for Persons with Early Stage CKD.

Dietary recommendations that potentially delay the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be perceived as restrictive and unpalatable, negatively impacting quality of life (QOL). This pilot study examined the effect of a six-week small group intervention, "Self-Management of Dietary Intake Using Mindful Eating," on QOL, health literacy, and dietary self-efficacy among persons with CKD Stages 1-3. Improvements (n=19) were found from pre-test to post-test in total scores for Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-36 (p=0.

The Association of Television Viewing in Childhood With Overweight and Obesity Throughout the Life Course.

Few studies have addressed the association between television viewing time in childhood and overweight/obesity across the life course. Among 30,921 mother-daughter dyads from the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort (2001) and the Nurses' Health Study II (1989 and 1991), the following information was collected: daughter's television viewing time and physical activity (PA) level at ages 3-5 and 5-10 years, somatotype at ages 5 and 10 years, and body mass index at age 18 years and in adulthood (ages 26-45 years). According to multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, television viewing at least 4 hours/day versus no television at ages 3-5 years was associated with odds ratios of overweight/obesity of 1.

Age at Introduction of Solid Food and Obesity Throughout the Life Course.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between age at solid food (SF) introduction and obesity throughout the life course.

Methods: Among 31,816 mother- nurse daughter dyads in the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort Study and the Nurses' Health Study II, information was collected on age at SF introduction, body somatotype at ages 5 and 10, and Body Mass Index at age 18 and in adulthood. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for obesity throughout life were estimated using logistic regression models with adjustment for parental and nurse daughter covariates.

Self-management of dietary intake using mindful eating to improve dietary intake for individuals with early stage chronic kidney disease.

Using mindful eating to improve specific dietary recommendations has not been adequately studied. This feasibility study examined an intervention, self-management of dietary intake using mindful eating, with 19 participants that had mild to moderate chronic kidney disease, using a prospective, single group, pretest-posttest design. The intervention had six weekly classes focused on self-management using mindful eating, goal-setting, problem-solving, and food label reading.