Expanding the spectrum of germline variants in cancer.

Our ability to identify germline variants in hereditary cancer cases remains challenged by the incomplete cataloging of relevant genes and lack of consensus on who should be tested. We designed a panel [hereditary oncogenesis predisposition evaluation (HOPE)] that encompasses most of the genes known to be associated with cancer development and tested its yield on more than 1300 samples of cancer patients. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in high and intermediate risk genes were identified in 16, 23.

Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: A three-year study at a tertiary care referral center in Saudi Arabia.

Aim: To stratify the malignancy risks in thyroid nodules in a tertiary care referral center using the Bethesda system.

Methods: From January, 2012 to December, 2014, a retrospective analysis was performed among 1188 patients (15-90 years) who had 1433 thyroid nodules and fine-needle aspiration at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia. All thyroid cyto-pathological slides and ultra sound reports were reviewed and classified according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology.

Clinicopathologic features of plasmablastic lymphoma: Single-center series of 8 cases from Saudi Arabia.

Background: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Characterized by its aggressive nature and plasmacytic differentiation, PBL remains a therapeutic and diagnostic challenge; it generally has a poor prognosis with very few long-term survivors and most patients dying within 2 years from initial presentation. PBL has been reported in several other countries; however, there have been no reported cases from Saudi Arabia.

Primary vulval rhabdoid tumor in an adult: a case report, immunohistochemical profile and literature review.

We report a rare case of primary vulval rhabdoid tumor in an adult. The diagnosis was confirmed using the recently emerging INI1/BAF47 immunostain. We also demonstrate the expression of ER and PR hormonal receptors by the tumor cells.

Immunohistochemical staining in the distinction between primary endometrial and endocervical adenocarcinomas: another viewpoint.

Several studies have reported on the use of antibodies to monoclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and vimentin (VIM) to distinguish between adenocarcinomas of endometrial (EM) and endocervical (EC) origin, with variably enthusiastic results. It is still unclear whether site of origin or pathway of differentiation (endometrioid [em] versus mucinous [m]) is more important in predicting immunohistochemical differences. In the present study, paraffin blocks from adenocarcinomas of known origin were retrieved and immunostained with monoclonal antibodies to VIM and CEA, as well as cytokeratins (CK) 4, 18, and 20, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR).