Blunt cardiac injury: case report of salvaged traumatic right atrial rupture.

The incidence of cardiac rupture following blunt trauma is rare, occurring in 0.3%-0.5% of all blunt trauma patients.

In vitro assessment of antitumor activities of the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor GSK2126458.

Background: Up-regulation of the PI3K/mTOR (phosphatidylinositol-3' kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling is common in carcinoma. Consistently, targeting these molecules has been shown to halt the growth of many tumors. The main purpose of this study was to develop surrogate biomarkers of the antitumor activity of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors.

Negative axillary ultrasonography with biopsy may predict non-involvement of the non-sentinel lymph nodes in operable breast cancer patients.

Aim: To evaluate whether axillary ultrasound in combination with a biopsy (AUS +/- Bx) can predict the involvement of the non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSLN).

Methods: A review of all operable breast cancer patients who underwent AUS +/- Bx at our tertiary care center from January 2010 to April 2011 was performed. All patients underwent AUS as part of their pre-operative evaluation.

Widespread expression of the AMPA receptor GluR2 subunit at glutamatergic synapses in the rat spinal cord and phosphorylation of GluR1 in response to noxious stimulation revealed with an antigen-unmasking method.

Glutamate, the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord, acts primarily through AMPA receptors. Although all four AMPA subunits are expressed by spinal neurons, we know little about their distribution at glutamatergic synapses. We used an antigen-unmasking technique to reveal the synaptic distribution of glutamate receptor (GluR) 1-4 subunits with confocal microscopy.