Characterizing PANoptosis gene signature in prognosis and chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer.

Background: PANoptosis is a cell death pathway involved in pyroptosis, apoptosis and necrosis, and plays a key role in the development of malignant tumors. However, the molecular signature of PANoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis has not been thoroughly explored. The present study aimed to develop a novel prognostic model based on PANoptosis-related genes in CRC.

Potentially functional variants of PARK7 and DDR2 in ferroptosis-related genes predict survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It is recognized increasingly for its pivotal role in both cancer development and the response to cancer treatments. We assessed associations between 370,027 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 467 ferroptosis-related genes and survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Epsins oversee smooth muscle cell reprograming by influencing master regulators KLF4 and OCT4.

Smooth muscle cells in major arteries play a crucial role in regulating coronary artery disease. Conversion of smooth muscle cells into other adverse cell types in the artery propels the pathogenesis of the disease. Curtailing artery plaque buildup by modulating smooth muscle cell reprograming presents us a new opportunity to thwart coronary artery disease.

Prospective of Mitochondrial DNA Variations in Cancer on Genomic Medicine.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has emerged as a pivotal component in understanding the etiology and susceptibility of cancer. A recent study by Chen and colleagues delineated the germline genetic effect of mtDNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and haplogroups across pan-cancer risk. They identified a subset of mtSNPs and the corresponding risk score, as well as haplogroups A and M7 alongside their genetic interactions, conferring a protective effect against various cancers.

AKR1C2 genetic variants mediate tobacco carcinogens metabolism involving bladder cancer susceptibility.

Tobacco carcinogens metabolism-related genes (TCMGs) could generate reactive metabolites of tobacco carcinogens, which subsequently contributed to multiple diseases. However, the association between genetic variants in TCMGs and bladder cancer susceptibility remains unclear. In this study, we derived TCMGs from metabolic pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tobacco-specific nitrosamines, and then explored genetic associations between TCMGs and bladder cancer risk in two populations: a Chinese population of 580 cases and 1101 controls, and a European population of 5930 cases and 5468 controls, along with interaction and joint analyses.

Environmental pollutants exposure-derived extracellular vesicles: crucial players in respiratory disorders.

Background: Individual exposure to environmental pollutants, as one of the most influential drivers of respiratory disorders, has received considerable attention due to its preventability and controllability. Considering that the extracellular vesicle (EV) was an emerging intercellular communication medium, recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of environmental pollutants derived EVs (EPE-EVs) in respiratory disorders.

Methods: PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 2018 to December 2023 for publications with key words of environmental pollutants, respiratory disorders and EVs.

Integration of pathologic characteristics, genetic risk and lifestyle exposure for colorectal cancer survival assessment.

The development of an effective survival prediction tool is key for reducing colorectal cancer mortality. Here, we apply a three-stage study to devise a polygenic prognostic score (PPS) for stratifying colorectal cancer overall survival. Leveraging two cohorts of 3703 patients, we first perform a genome-wide survival association analysis to develop eight candidate PPSs.

Single-cell and multi-omics analyses highlight cancer-associated fibroblasts-induced immune evasion and epithelial mesenchymal transition for smoking bladder cancer.

Tobacco carcinogens are recognized as critical hazard factors for bladder tumorigenesis, affecting the prognosis of patients through aromatic amines components. However, the specific function of tobacco carcinogens and systematic assessment models in the prognosis of bladder cancer remains poorly elucidated. We retrieved bladder cancer specific tobacco carcinogens-related genes from Comparative Toxicogenomic Database, our Nanjing Bladder Cancer cohort and TCGA database.

Combining fecal immunochemical testing and questionnaire-based risk assessment in selecting participants for colonoscopy screening in the Chinese National Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Screening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) burden by allowing early resection of precancerous and cancerous lesions. An adequate selection of high-risk individuals and a high uptake rate for colonoscopy screening are critical to identifying people more likely to benefit from screening and allocating healthcare resources properly. We evaluated whether combining a questionnaire-based interview for risk factors with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outcomes for high-risk assessment is more efficient and economical than a questionnaire-based interview-only strategy.