The effect of storage conditions on ion exchange and affinity chromatographic assays for glycated hemoglobin.

Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect on glycated hemoglobin determinations when erythrocytes were stored under various conditions. We studied the influence of time, temperature, glucose concentration, and pH on results obtained by three commercially available column chromatographic procedures designed to quantify glycated hemoglobin. An affinity chromatographic procedure which measures total glycated hemoglobins (GHb) was compared with two ion-exchange column methods.

Mechanisms of impaired renal function with PEEP.

Deterioration in renal function associated with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been attributed to renal hypoperfusion from the fall in cardiac output and mean arterial blood pressure. Using a canine in vivo model, renal function was measured during control, zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP), and PEEP (5, 10, and 15 cm H2O) ventilatory cycles, while renal blood flow was maintained constant with a pump. High PEEP (15 cm H2O) led to a rise in renal vein pressure (RVP) and a fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP).

Effects of Fluosol-DA (artificial blood) on clinical chemistry tests and instruments.

Artificial blood must be added to the list of therapeutic agents that produce interference with diagnostic laboratory tests. Fluosol-DA (Alpha Therapeutic Corp., Los Angeles, CA), a stable 20% emulsion of perfluorocarbons in aqueous medium, is being evaluated in clinical trials as a blood substitute in the United States.

Correlation of standardized serum protein determinations with calculated and measured colloid osmotic pressure.

The colloid osmotic pressure (COP) was measured on the serum of 250 individuals (healthy persons and patients) using a commercial oncometer. The total serum protein concentrations were measured by five methods, and the serum albumin concentrations were measured by four methods. The protein determinations were standardized as recommended by the Study Group on Proteins of the AACC Committee on Standards.

Effect of Fluosol-DA on radioimmunoassay results.

Fluosol-DA, an emulsion of perfluorocarbons, is used as a blood substitute. Its presence in samples affects results of certain radioimmunoassays routinely done in our laboratory. In several, added Fluosol-DA caused an upward displacement of the standard curve, the extent of which depended on the structure and quantity of the assayed antigen, the concentration of Fluosol-DA, and the nature of the immunoreagents.

Management of the major coagulopathy with onset during laparotomy.

An experience with 31 patients who developed major bleeding diatheses during laparotomy was reviewed. Management of the initial 14 patients was by standard hematologic replacement, completion of all facets of operation, and then closure of the peritoneal cavity, usually with suction drainage; only one patient survived. The subsequent 17 patients had laparotomy terminated as rapidly as possible to avoid additional bleeding.

Extravascular distribution of albumin and IgG during high-permeability edema in skin.

The effects of local intra-arterial infusions of bradykinin on the interstitial distribution of albumin and gamma-immunoglobulin G (IgG) was studied in hind paw skin of anesthetized rabbits. After 4 h of a continuous bradykinin infusion, lymph flow in a prenodal popliteal lymphatic was five times base line. The lymph-to-plasma concentration ratio for total protein was increased by 34%.

Blood viscosity, glycaemic control and retinopathy in insulin-dependent diabetes.

1. In a cross-sectional study, 32 insulin-treated diabetic patients had elevated low shear (27.1 vs 22.

The role of amniotic fluid phospholipids in determining fetal lung maturity.

Assessment of the status of amniotic fluid phospholipids (qualitative and semi-quantitative) has become important in determining fetal lung maturity. In uncomplicated pregnancies, it has been documented that the ratio of lecithin to sphingomyelin (L/S ratio), with respect to pediatric gestational age, is a reliable predictor of maturity. In complicated pregnancies (e.

Effects of increased venous pressure on albumin- and IgG-excluded volumes in muscle.

The effect of elevated venous pressure on the extravascular distribution space of albumin and gamma-immunoglobulin G (IgG) in muscle was studied in anesthetized rabbits. In nine rabbits, venous pressure in one leg was increased from 8 to 28 mmHg while the other leg served as a control. Samples of plasma and prenodal muscle lymph were collected for 4 h before taking samples of the gastrocnemius muscle.

Effects of increased venous pressure on albumin- and IgG-excluded volumes in skin.

The effect of increased venous pressure on the exclusion of plasma albumin and gamma-immunoglobulin G (IgG) in skin interstitium was studied in anesthetized rabbits. In eight rabbits, venous pressure in the left leg was increased from 7 to 26 mmHg, while the right leg served as a control. Samples of plasma and prenodal popliteal lymph were collected for 4 h before taking samples of heel skin.

Sample preparation and liquid-chromatographic analysis for tricyclic antidepressants in serum.

We report two separate sample-preparation procedures and a "high-pressure" liquid-chromatographic method for quantitating nine tricyclic antidepressant drugs: trimipramine, doxepin, amitriptyline, imipramine, desmethyldoxepin, nortriptyline, desipramine, maprotiline, and protriptyline. The drugs are extracted from 1 mL of serum by a single manual hexane extraction or by using DuPont's PREP I Automated Sample Processor. The drugs from either process are chromatographed on a mu-Bondapak-CN column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile/methanol/Na2HPO4, 5 mmol/L (60/15/25 by vol), pH 7.

Thoracic duct lymph flow after pancreatitis: role in circulatory collapse.

We examined the effects of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis on thoracic duct lymph flow and its protein concentration. Thoracic duct lymph flow increased and the protein concentration decreased. These changes in the lymph were associated with steady decreases in arterial pressure and cardiac output and increase in systemic vascular resistance.

Improved one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography of phospholipids in amniotic fluid.

With this extraction procedure and chromatographic method, six amniotic fluid phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), sphingomyelin, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylglycerol] are completely resolved in less than 70 min from the time the specimen is received. The mobile phase (chloroform/petroleum ether/methanol/acetic acid, 5/3/1.6/1, by vol) is used with commercially available 7.

The natural history following venous ligation for civilian injuries.

Contrary to prevailing views, documentation of major morbidity after venous ligation for trauma is sparse. Forty-six patients had ligation for injury to the major veins of the lower extremities, namely, vena cava (six), external iliac (five), common iliac (three), common femoral (eight), profunda femoris (six), superficial femoral (thirteen), and popliteal (five). The post-ligation management included: 1) early and extensive fasciotomy when indicated, 2) initial strict bed rest with elevation until edema free, 3) trial ambulation for 2 hours, 4) added elevation if trial ambulation leads to recurrent edema.

Primary repair vs ligation for carotid artery injuries.

The morbidity and mortality of carotid arterial injuries in 36 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Primary repair was achieved in 31 patients; nine patients had a stroke postoperatively and five died. Five patients were treated with ligation; three had a stroke postoperatively, but all survived.

Maltosyl isothiocyanate: an affinity label for the glucose transporter of the human erythrocyte membrane. 2. Identification of the transporter.

Maltosyl isothiocyanate (MITC), a potent irreversible inhibitor of glucose transport in human erythrocytes [Mullins, R. E., & Langdon, R.