Insights into molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals in quorum sensing modulation for bacterial biofilm control.

Biofilm formation is a common mechanism by which bacteria undergo phenotypic changes to adapt to environmental stressors. The formation of biofilms has a detrimental impact in clinical settings by contributing to chronic infections and promoting antibiotic resistance. Delving into the molecular mechanisms, the quorum sensing (QS) system involves the release of chemical signals for bacterial cell-to-cell communication, which activates and regulates the expression of various genes and virulence factors, including those related to biofilm formation.

Comparative genotypic characterization related to antibiotic resistance phenotypes of clinical carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii MTC1106 (ST2) and MTC0619 (ST25).

Background: The prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii in nosocomial infections and its remarkable ability to develop antimicrobial resistance have been a critical issue in hospital settings. Here, we examined the genomic features related to resistance phenotype displayed by carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) MTC1106 (ST2) and MTC0619 (ST25).

CRISPR-Based Gene Editing in to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to the health, social, environment, and economic sectors on a global scale and requires serious attention to addressing this issue. was given top priority among infectious bacteria because of its extensive resistance to nearly all antibiotic classes and treatment options. Carbapenem-resistant is classified as one of the critical-priority pathogens on the World Health Organization (WHO) priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria for effective drug development.

An Update of Mobile Colistin Resistance in Non-Fermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli.

Colistin, the last resort for multidrug and extensively drug-resistant bacterial infection treatment, was reintroduced after being avoided in clinical settings from the 1970s to the 1990s because of its high toxicity. Colistin is considered a crucial treatment option for and , which are listed as critical priority pathogens for new antibiotics by the World Health Organization. The resistance mechanisms of colistin are considered to be chromosomally encoded, and no horizontal transfer has been reported.

Comparative study of phenotypic-based detection assays for carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii with a proposed algorithm in resource-limited settings.

The increasing incidence of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical concern worldwide owing to the limitations of therapeutic alternatives. The most important carbapenem resistance mechanism for A. baumannii is the enzymatic hydrolysis mediated by carbapenemases, mostly OXA-type carbapenemases (class D) and, to a lesser extent, metallo-β-lactamases (class B).

Predominance of international clone 2 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Thailand: a nationwide study.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the common multidrug resistance pathogens causing hospital-acquired infections. This study was conducted to elucidate the distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes in the bacterial population in Thailand. Multidrug-resistant A.

Prevalence of OXA-Type β-Lactamase Genes among Carbapenem-Resistant Clinical Isolates in Thailand.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) is a critical health concern for the treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of CRAB emphasizing the presence of oxacillinase (OXA)-type β-lactamase-encoding genes, one of the most important carbapenem resistance mechanisms. In this study, a total of 183 non-repetitive CRAB isolates collected from 11 tertiary care hospitals across Thailand were investigated.

Investigation on the Epoxidation of Piperitenone, and Structure-activity Relationships of Piperitenone Oxide for Differentiation-inducing Activity.

Piperitenone oxide, a major chemical constituent of the essential oil of spearmint, Mentha spicata, induces differentiation in human colon cancer RCM-1 cells. In this study, piperitenone oxide and trans-piperitenone dioxide were prepared as racemic forms by epoxidation of piperitenone. The relative configuration between two epoxides in piperitenone dioxide was determined to be trans by H NMR analysis and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Effect of Sucrier Banana Peel Extracts on Inhibition of Melanogenesis through the ERK Signaling Pathway.

Hyperpigmentation is a type of pigmentary disorder induced by overexpression of melanin content activated severe esthetic problems as melasma, freckle, ephelides, lentigo and other forms on human skin. Several whitening agents have restricted use because of their side effects or stability such as kojic acid, ascorbic acid and hydroquinone can act as cytotoxic substance which associated to dermatitis and skin cancer. To find for the safe substance, this study aimed to find for the ability of several components in Sucrier banana peel (SBP) extracts to inhibit melanogenesis process through p38 signaling pathway in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells.

Chemopreventive and biological activities of L. fruit extracts.

L. () has been used in traditional medicine in Asia. This study was aimed to determine biological activities of fruit extracts.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing in Thailand.

Purpose: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have become an issue in community worldwide due to an increase in antibiotic resistance over the past decade. This study was aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of ESBL-producing in Thailand.

Materials And Methods: In this study, all clinical isolates collected from tertiary hospitals in Thailand were identified as by biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

In vitro assessment of MTC 1032 as the potential probiotic in food supplements.

Probiotics become important bacteria in our daily life due to their benefit on human health. In this study, a subset of bacterial strains from children was isolated and evaluated for beneficial probiotic traits such as antimicrobial activity, bile and acid tolerance, and pathogenic cell adherence inhibition. The strain with the best antimicrobial activity was selected for further characterization on the basis of morphological, biochemical characteristics and gene sequence.

Genotypic detection of the bla gene among extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Objectives: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), a group of β-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae, are becoming a major problem in the healthcare community worldwide. Although many attempts have been made in the detection of ESBL-producing bacteria, the cost and speed of detection remains an important challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a rapid, effective and affordable method for detection of the bla ESBL gene by a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique.

Efficacy of cinnamon bark oil and cinnamaldehyde on anti-multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the synergistic effects in combination with other antimicrobial agents.

Background: The emergence of drug resistant pathogens becomes a crucial problem for infectious diseases worldwide. Among these bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of which highly resists to many currently used drugs and becomes a major concern in public health. Up till now, the search for potential antimicrobial agents has been still a challenge for researchers.

Development of molecular approach based on PCR assay for detection of histamine producing bacteria.

Histamine fish poisoning becomes highly concern not only in public health but also economic aspect. Histamine is produced from histidine in fish muscles by bacterial decarboxylase enzyme. Several techniques have been developed to determine the level of histamine in fish and their products but the effective method for detecting histamine producing bacteria is still required.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay targeting the blaCTX-M9 gene for detection of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) produced by Enterobacteriaceae are one of the resistance mechanisms to most β-lactam antibiotics. ESBLs are currently a major problem in both hospitals and community settings worldwide. Rapid and reliable means of detecting ESBL-producing bacteria is necessary for identification, prevention and treatment.

Dissolution enhancement and in vitro performance of clarithromycin nanocrystals produced by precipitation-lyophilization-homogenization method.

The gastroduodenal diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori were commonly treated with antibiotic clarithromycin as a standard regimen. According to the poorly water-soluble of clarithromycin, the nanocrystal formulation was prepared. The aim of this study was to investigate an enhancement effect of clarithromycin nanocrystals produced by precipitation-lyophilization-homogenization (PLH) method on the saturation solubility, dissolution velocity, antibiotic activity, permeability through the gastric mucus and cellular permeability.

Synergistic interaction and mode of action of Citrus hystrix essential oil against bacteria causing periodontal diseases.

Context: Citrus hystrix de Candolle (Rutaceae), an edible plant regularly used as a food ingredient, possesses antibacterial activity, but there is no current data on the activity against bacteria causing periodontal diseases.

Objective: C. hystrix essential oil from leaves and peel were investigated for antibiofilm formation and mode of action against bacteria causing periodontal diseases.

Bioautography-guided isolation of antibacterial compounds of essential oils from Thai spices against histamine-producing bacteria.

The outbreak of histamine fish poisoning has been being an issue in food safety and international trade. The growth of contaminated bacterial species including Morganella morganii which produce histidine decarboxylase causes histamine formation in fish during storage. Histamine, the main toxin, causes mild to severe allergic reaction.

Molecular investigation of carbapenem resistance among multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated clinically in Thailand.

Carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated among multidrug-resistant (CR-MDR) organisms from tertiary hospitals in Thailand. Decreased expression of oprD mRNA (93.65%) was predominant followed by increased expression of mexAB-oprM mRNA (92.

Prevalence and genotypic relatedness of carbapenem resistance among multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in tertiary hospitals across Thailand.

Background: Increased infection caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa has raised awareness of the resistance situation worldwide. Carbapenem resistance among MDR (CR-MDR) P. aeruginosa has become a serious life-threatening problem due to the limited therapeutic options.