Clinical, Virologic, and Immunologic Characteristics of Zika Virus Infection in a Cohort of US Patients: Prolonged RNA Detection in Whole Blood.

Background: Clinical, virologic, and immunologic characteristics of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in US patients are poorly defined.

Methods: US subjects with suspected ZIKV infection were enrolled. Clinical data and specimens were prospectively collected for ZIKV RNA detection and serologic and cellular assays.

Our finalist Emily Emma.

The following manuscript is the runner-up entry submitted to Nursing Management for the 2018 Richard Hader Visionary Leader Award in recognition of Emily Emma, DNP, RN-BC, NEA-BC, ONC, nurse manager of the orthopedic-telemetry and progressive care units at Mather Hospital in Long Island, N.Y. Emily was formally recognized as the runner-up for the award, sponsored by Hackensack Meridian Health, before the Keynote Address on September 26 at Congress2018 in Lake Buena Vista, Fla.

Long term follow-up of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) investigating early positron emission tomography (PET) scan as a predictor of outcome.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is effective in improving survival of resectable NSCLC. Based on findings in the adjuvant and metastatic setting, FDG positron emission tomography (PET) scans may offer early prognostic or predictive value after one cycle of induction chemotherapy.

Methods: In this phase II non-randomized trial, patients with AJCC version 6 stage IB to IIIB operable NSCLC were treated with 3 cycles of cisplatin and pemetrexed neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

C57BL/6 substrain differences in inflammatory and neuropathic nociception and genetic mapping of a major quantitative trait locus underlying acute thermal nociception.

Sensitivity to different pain modalities has a genetic basis that remains largely unknown. Employing closely related inbred mouse substrains can facilitate gene mapping of nociceptive behaviors in preclinical pain models. We previously reported enhanced sensitivity to acute thermal nociception in C57BL/6J (B6J) versus C57BL/6N (B6N) substrains.

Pre-Existing Dengue Immunity Drives a DENV-Biased Plasmablast Response in ZIKV-Infected Patient.

The re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the western hemisphere has most significantly affected dengue virus (DENV) endemic regions. Due to the geographical overlap between these two closely related flaviviruses, numerous individuals who suffered ZIKV infection during recent outbreaks may have also previously been exposed to DENV. As such, the impact of pre-existing dengue immunity on immune responses to ZIKV has been an area of focused research and interest.

The IOU Consensus Recommendations for Empirical Therapy of Cystitis in Nursing Home Residents.

Objective: To establish consensus recommendations for empirical treatment of uncomplicated cystitis with anti-infectives in noncatheterized older nursing home residents to be implemented in the Improving Outcomes of UTI Management in Long-Term Care Project (IOU) funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Design: Two-round modified Delphi survey.

Participants: Expert panel of 19 clinical pharmacists.

Genetic Model to Study the Co-Morbid Phenotypes of Increased Alcohol Intake and Prior Stress-Induced Enhanced Fear Memory.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a complex illness, frequently co-morbid with depression, caused by both genetics, and the environment. Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), which also co-occurs with depression, is often co-morbid with PTSD. To date, very few genes have been identified for PTSD and even less for PTSD comorbidity with AUD, likely because of the phenotypic heterogeneity seen in humans, combined with each gene playing a relatively small role in disease predisposition.

Impact of C57BL/6 substrain on sex-dependent differences in mouse stroke models.

We have recently found significant variation in stroke vulnerability among substrains of C57BL/6 mice, observing that commonly used N-lineage substrains exhibit larger infarcts than C57BL/6J and related substrains. Parallel variation was also seen with respect to sex differences in stroke vulnerability, in that C57BL/6 mice of the N-lineage exhibited comparable infarct sizes in males and females, whereas infarcts tended to be smaller in females than in males of J-lineage substrains. This adds to the growing list of recognized phenotypic and genetic differences among C57BL/6 substrains.

A minimal power model for human running performance.

Models for human running performances of various complexities and underlying principles have been proposed, often combining data from world record performances and bio-energetic facts of human physiology. The purpose of this work is to develop a novel, minimal and universal model for human running performance that employs a relative metabolic power scale. The main component is a self-consistency relation for the time dependent maximal power output.

Genetic Contribution to Initial and Progressive Alcohol Intake Among Recombinant Inbred Strains of Mice.

We profiled individual differences in alcohol consumption upon initial exposure and during 5 weeks of voluntary alcohol intake in female mice from 39 BXD recombinant inbred strains and parents using the drinking in the dark (DID) method. In this paradigm, a single bottle of 20% (v/v) alcohol was presented as the sole liquid source for 2 or 4 h starting 3 h into the dark cycle. For 3 consecutive days mice had access to alcohol for 2 h followed by a 4th day of 4 h access and 3 intervening days where alcohol was not offered.

Electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopic airway recanalization in patients with vanishing bronchus.

Background: Stenosis is the most frequent airway complication after lung transplantation. When complete obstruction is diagnosed without possibility of recanalization, options are generally limited to either resection or retransplantation, both associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We describe our experience with a novel technique using electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB) to recanalize the occluded airway after lung transplantation.

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Lung Cancer.

The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy has become a mainstay of modern-day thoracic oncology practice and the technique of choice for resection of early-stage lung cancers at many institutions. The feasibility of VATS lobectomy has long been well established, and there is considerable belief that it leads to better patient outcomes. In the following review we seek to summarize the current experience with VATS lobectomy, identify the strengths and weaknesses of the available literature, and address future areas of research for our field.

Genetic differences in the behavioral organization of binge eating, conditioned food reward, and compulsive-like eating in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains.

Binge eating (BE) is a heritable symptom of eating disorders associated with anxiety, depression, malnutrition, and obesity. Genetic analysis of BE could facilitate therapeutic discovery. We used an intermittent, limited access BE paradigm involving sweetened palatable food (PF) to examine genetic differences in BE, conditioned food reward, and compulsive-like eating between C57BL/6J (B6J) and DBA/2J (D2J) inbred mouse strains.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and American Association for Thoracic Surgery Workshop Report: Identifying collaborative clinical research priorities in lung transplantation.

This report summarizes the discussion and recommendations from the June 2017 NHLBI-AATS Workshop on Identifying Collaborative Clinical Research Priorities in Lung Transplantation.

Cross-species molecular dissection across alcohol behavioral domains.

This review summarizes the proceedings of a symposium presented at the "Alcoholism and Stress: A Framework for Future Treatment Strategies" conference held in Volterra, Italy on May 9-12, 2017. Psychiatric diseases, including alcohol-use disorders (AUDs), are influenced through complex interactions of genes, neurobiological pathways, and environmental influences. A better understanding of the common neurobiological mechanisms underlying an AUD necessitates an integrative approach, involving a systematic assessment of diverse species and phenotype measures.

Small extracellular particles with big potential for horizontal gene transfer: membrane vesicles and gene transfer agents.

Bacteria are known to release different types of particles that serve various purposes such as the processing of metabolites, communication, and the transfer of genetic material. One of the most interesting aspects of the production of such particles is the biogenesis and trafficking of complex particles that can carry DNA, RNA, proteins or toxins into the surrounding environment to aid in bacterial survival or lead to gene transfer. Two important bacterial extracellular complexes are membrane vesicles and gene transfer agents.

The Improving Outcomes of UTI Management in Long-Term Care Project (IOU) Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Uncomplicated Cystitis in Nursing Home Residents.

Objectives: To identify a set of signs and symptoms most likely to indicate uncomplicated cystitis in noncatheterized nursing home residents ≥65 years of age using consensus-based methods informed by a literature review.

Design: Literature review and modified Delphi survey with strict inclusion criteria.

Setting And Participants: Expert panel of 20 physicians certified in geriatric medicine and/or medical direction, actively practicing in post-acute and long-term care settings.

Challenges in Predicting Recurrence After Resection of Node-Negative Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: One in 5 patients with completely resected early-stage non-small cell lung cancer will recur within 2 years. Risk stratification may facilitate a personalized approach to the use of adjuvant therapy and surveillance imaging. We developed a prediction model for recurrence based on five clinical variables (tumor size and grade, visceral pleural and lymphovascular invasion, and sublobar resection), and tested the hypothesis that the addition of several new molecular markers of poor long-term outcome (vascular endothelial growth factor C; microRNA precursors 486 and 30d) would enhance prediction.

Invasive Mediastinal Staging for Lung Cancer by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database Participants.

Background: Prior studies suggest underutilization of invasive mediastinal staging for lung cancer. We hypothesized that The Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database (STS-GTSD) participants would have higher rates of invasive staging compared with previous reports.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study (2012 to 2016) of lung cancer patients staged by computed tomography and positron-emission tomography and first treated with an anatomic resection.

Assessing the Benefits of Preoperative Thoracic Epidural Placement for Lung Transplantation.

Objective: The authors investigated the effect of preoperative thoracic epidural (PreTE) catheter placement versus not placing a preoperative thoracic epidural catheter (NoPreTE) on the duration of postoperative ventilation time, time to become coherent (measured as time to become Confusion Assessment Method-intensive care unit [ICU] negative), opioid consumption, ICU length of stay (LOS), and hospital LOS.

Design: Retrospective cohort design.

Setting: Single institution, university hospital.

Breadth and Functionality of Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein-Specific Antibodies Identified after Zostavax Vaccination in Humans.

Herpes zoster (HZ) (shingles) is the clinical manifestation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation. HZ typically develops as people age, due to decreased cell-mediated immunity. However, the importance of antibodies for immunity against HZ prevention remains to be understood.

Performance of the Asthma Impact on Quality of Life Scale (A-IQOLS) in diverse asthma research populations and demographic subgroups.

Background: The Asthma Impact on Quality of Life Scale (A-IQOLS) assesses the patient-perceived negative effect of asthma on quality of life. Its standard error of measurement is known; it has strong construct, convergent, and divergent validity; and it provides information that is unique among asthma outcome measures.

Objective: We sought to characterize the psychometric properties of the A-IQOLS and its suitability for use in demographically and clinically diverse adult asthmatic populations.

How to Diagnose Enchondroma, Bone Infarct, and Chondrosarcoma.

Enchondromas are among the most common benign tumors seen in the skeleton. They are encountered frequently in routine clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to help radiologists confidently diagnose enchondroma and distinguish it from other entities, such as bone infarct, bone graft, and low-grade chondrosarcoma.

ISHLT Consensus Statement on adult and pediatric airway complications after lung transplantation: Definitions, grading system, and therapeutics.

Airway complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiothoracic transplantation. The reported incidence of airway ischemic complications varies widely, contributed to by the lack of a universally accepted grading system and standardized definitions. Furthermore, the majority of the existing classification systems fail to integrate the wide range of possible bronchial complications that may develop after lung transplant.