Antibacterial Activity of Brass against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria following Repeated Exposure to Hydrogen Peroxide/Peracetic Acid and Quaternary Ammonium Compounds.

Copper-containing materials are attracting attention as self-disinfecting surfaces, suitable for helping healthcare settings in reducing healthcare-associated infections. However, the impact of repeated exposure to disinfectants frequently used in biocleaning protocols on their antibacterial activity remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial efficiency of copper (positive control), a brass alloy (AB+) and stainless steel (negative control) after repeated exposure to a quaternary ammonium compound and/or a mix of peracetic acid/hydrogen peroxide routinely used in healthcare settings.

strains from donor human milk and hospital environment: uncovering a putative common origin using comparative analysis of toxin and infra-red spectroscopy profiles.

is reported as a common cause of toxin-induced food poisoning and of contamination in pasteurized human milk donations. As various toxins can be produced by , the aim of this work was first to investigate the toxigenic potential and profiles of 63 isolates from Amiens Picardie human milk bank. A comparison to the toxigenic profiles of 27 environmental isolates harvested in the hospital in which this human milk bank is situated was performed.

Trends in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Screening Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital over the 2018-2022 Period.

To assess the putative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria recovered from routine screening samples and, more globally, the trends in time to first positive screening sample and carriage duration of those bacteria in patients admitted to a tertiary hospital, data from laboratory results were retrospectively mined over the 2018-2022 period. No significant differences could be found in the number of positive patients or MDR isolates per year, time to positive screening, or carriage duration. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers were dominant throughout the studied period but their relative proportion decreased over time as well as that of meticillin-resistant .

Design, Synthesis, and Antiprotozoal Evaluation of New Promising 2,9-[(substituted-aminomethyl)]-4,7-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Derivatives, a Potential Alternative Scaffold to Drug Efflux.

A series of novel 2,9-[(substituted-aminomethyl)]-4,7-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated in vitro against three protozoan parasites (, and ). Pharmacological results showed antiprotozoal activity with IC values in the sub and μM range. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity of these original molecules was assessed with human HepG2 cells.

Nosocomial outbreak of monoclonal VIM carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex in an intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: an integrated approach.

Background: An outbreak of VIM carbapenemase-expressing Enterobacter cloacae complex occurred between March and October 2020 in an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care and teaching hospital in France. At the same time, the hospital was facing the COVID-19 first wave.

Aim: To describe the management of an outbreak caused by a VIM-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex strain during the COVID-19 pandemic in an ICU and to show the importance of an integrated approach.

Design, synthesis, and characterization of novel aminoalcohol quinolines with strong in vitro antimalarial activity.

Malaria is the fifth most lethal parasitic infections in the world. Herein, five new series of aminoalcohol quinolines including fifty-two compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated in vitro against Pf3D7 and PfW2 strains. Among them, fourteen displayed IC values below or near of 50.

Low-Valent Calix[4]arene Glycoconjugates Based on Hydroxamic Acid Bearing Linkers as Potent Inhibitors in a Model of Ebola Virus Cis-Infection and HCMV-gB-Recombinant Glycoprotein Interaction with MDDC Cells by Blocking DC-SIGN.

In addition to a variety of viral-glycoprotein receptors (e.g., heparan sulfate, Niemann-Pick C1, etc.

Efflux Pump Overexpression Profiling in Acinetobacter baumannii and Study of New 1-(1-Naphthylmethyl)-Piperazine Analogs as Potential Efflux Inhibitors.

Overexpression of efflux pumps extruding antibiotics currently used for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections has been described as an important mechanism causing antibiotic resistance. The first aim of this work was to phenotypically evaluate the overexpression of efflux pumps on a collection of 124 ciprofloxacin-resistant A. baumannii strains.

Brass Alloys: Copper-Bottomed Solutions against Hospital-Acquired Infections?

Copper has been used for its antimicrobial properties since Antiquity. Nowadays, touch surfaces made of copper-based alloys such as brasses are used in healthcare settings in an attempt to reduce the bioburden and limit environmental transmission of nosocomial pathogens. After a brief history of brass uses, the various mechanisms that are thought to be at the basis of brass antimicrobial action will be described.

Bacterial ecology and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of isolated resistant strains from diabetic foot infections in the north west of Algeria.

Background: In front of the polymorphic bacterial ecology and antibiotic resistance in diabetic patients with foot infections and good patient care, collaboration between clinicians and microbiologists is needed to improve assessment and management of patients with this pathology.

Objective: This study was designed to characterize the bacterial ecology of diabetic foot infection (DFIs) and to determine the different mechanisms of resistance involved.

Methods: In this study bacterial strains and antibiotic resistance profiles were determined from diabetic foot infections patients ( = 117).

Validation of a Worst-Case Scenario Method Adapted to the Healthcare Environment for Testing the Antibacterial Effect of Brass Surfaces and Implementation on Hospital Antibiotic-Resistant Strains.

The evaluation of antibacterial activity of metal surfaces can be carried out using various published guidelines which do not always agree with each other on technical conditions and result interpretation. Moreover, these technical conditions are sometimes remote from real-life ones, especially those found in health-care facilities, and do not include a variety of antibiotic-resistant strains. A worst-case scenario protocol adapted from published guidelines was validated on two reference strains ( ATCC 6538 and ATCC 13048).

contamination of pasteurized human milk donations: frequency, origin, seasonal distribution, molecular typing of strains and proposed corrective/preventive actions.

Objectives: An increase in pasteurized human milk contamination with was witnessed in milk donated to the Amiens-Picardie Human Milk Bank over the 2017-2018 period. To better understand the origin of such an increase, this study aimed to describe the frequency of contamination in anonymous and personalized human milk donations of Amiens Human Milk Bank in 2018, compare the genetic profiles of strains found in pasteurized human milk and set up corrective/preventive actions to reduce contamination.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of human milk donated from January to December 2018 was set.

Design, synthesis, and antiprotozoal evaluation of new 2,4-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]quinoline, 1,3-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]isoquinoline and 2,4-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]quinazoline derivatives.

A series of new 2,4-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]quinoline, 1,3-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]isoquinoline, and 2,4-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]quinazoline derivatives was designed, synthesised, and evaluated against three protozoan parasites (, , and ). Biological results showed antiprotozoal activity with IC values in the µM range. In addition, the cytotoxicity of these original molecules was assessed with human HepG2 cells.

Study of Iron Piperazine-Based Chelators as Potential Siderophore Mimetics.

Gram-negative bacteria's resistance such as and the group to conventional antibiotics leads to therapeutic failure. Use of siderophores as Trojan horses to internalize antibacterial agents or toxic metals within bacteria is a promising strategy to overcome resistance phenomenon. To combat the sp, we have synthesized and studied two piperazine-based siderophore mimetics carrying either catecholate moieties () or hydroxypyridinone groups () as iron chelators.

Glycocluster Tetrahydroxamic Acids Exhibiting Unprecedented Inhibition of Biofilms.

Opportunistic Gram-negative uses adhesins (e.g., LecA and LecB lectins, type VI pili and flagella) and iron to invade host cells with the formation of a biofilm, a thick barrier that protects bacteria from drugs and host immune system.

Synthesis and Study of New Quinolineaminoethanols as Anti-Bacterial Drugs.

The lack of antibiotics with a novel mode of action associated with the spread of drug resistant bacteria make the fight against infectious diseases particularly challenging. A quinoline core is found in several anti-infectious drugs, such as mefloquine and bedaquiline. Two main objectives were set in this work.

MexXY Multidrug Efflux System Is More Frequently Overexpressed in Ciprofloxacin Resistant French Clinical Isolates Compared to Hospital Environment Ones.

Modulation of the membrane permeability through a decrease in porin-mediated antibiotic entry and/or an increase in antibiotic efflux is one of the resistance mechanisms to antibiotics evolved by Gram-negative bacteria. To assess whether the outer membrane porin OprD and Resistance-Nodulation-Division (RND) efflux pumps were similarly expressed in 33 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical strains of and in 30 non-clinical strains originating from the hospital environment (mainly waterborne ), the expression of , , , and genes was investigated. Overall, the expression of was not detected by RT-qPCR in 14 (22%) strains and underexpressed in 35 (56%) more.

Breastmilk donations: Bacteriological assessment, analysis of causes of non-compliance and suggestions for improvement.

A total of 1099 breastmilk donations received by the milk bank at the Amiens University Hospital from January to June 2016 were assessed for bacteriological contamination according to French regulations. This consisted in enumerating the total aerobic flora before and after heat treatment as well as the specific enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci. Results above the mandatory limits for at least one of these parameters were found in 25.

Design, synthesis, and antiprotozoal evaluation of new 2,9-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]-1,10-phenanthroline derivatives.

A series of new 2,9-bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]-1,10-phenanthroline derivatives was synthesized, and the compounds were screened in vitro against three protozoan parasites (Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani, and Trypanosoma brucei brucei). Biological results showed antiparasitic activity with IC values in the μm range. The in vitro cytotoxicity of these molecules was assessed by incubation with human HepG2 cells; for some derivatives, cytotoxicity was observed at significantly higher concentrations than antiparasitic activity.

Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of New Enantiopure Aminoalcoholpyrrolo[ 1,2-a]quinoxalines.

Background: We prepared a novel series of enantiopure mefloquine analogues with pyrrolo[ 1,2-a]quinoxaline core in order to fight Plasmodium falciparum resistant strain.

Objectives: To observe the influence of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline core versus quinoline core on the antimalarial activity.

Method: Four enantiopure aminoalcoholpyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines 2 were synthetized via Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction in eight steps.

Synthesis, iron(III) complexation properties, molecular dynamics simulations and P. aeruginosa siderophore-like activity of two pyoverdine analogs.

P. aeruginosa ranks among the top five organisms causing nosocomial infections. Among the many novel strategies for developing new therapeutics against infection, targeting iron uptake mechanism seems promising as P.

Design, synthesis and antimalarial activity of novel bis{N-[(pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-4-yl)benzyl]-3-aminopropyl}amine derivatives.

Novel series of bis- and tris-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives 1 were synthesized and tested for in vitro activity upon the intraerythrocytic stage of W2 and 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum strains. Biological results showed good antimalarial activity with IC in the μM range. In attempting to investigate the large broad-spectrum antiprotozoal activities of these new derivatives, their properties toward Leishmania donovani were also investigated and revealed their selective antiplasmodial profile.

Enantiomerically pure amino-alcohol quinolines: in vitro anti-malarial activity in combination with dihydroartemisinin, cytotoxicity and in vivo efficacy in a Plasmodium berghei mouse model.

Background: As resistance to marketed anti-malarial drugs continues to spread, the need for new molecules active on Plasmodium falciparum-resistant strains grows. Pure (S) enantiomers of amino-alcohol quinolines previously displayed a good in vitro anti-malarial activity. Therefore, a more thorough assessment of their potential clinical use through a rodent model and an in vitro evaluation of their combination with artemisinin was undertaken.