Nat Med
January 2025
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Dev Biol
January 2025
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment marks a major breakthrough. These therapies have proven safer and more effective than traditional radiotherapy and targeted treatments. Immunotherapies like pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab have pioneered new treatment avenues, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) represents a subtype of gallbladder malignancies characterized by a low incidence, aggressive nature, and poor prognosis. Despite its clinical severity, the genetic alterations, mechanisms, and signaling pathways underlying gallbladder NEC remain unclear.
Case Summary: This case study presents a rare instance of primary gallbladder NEC in a 73-year-old female patient, who underwent a radical cholecystectomy with hepatic hilar lymphadenectomy and resection of liver segments IV-B and V.
Objectives: To investigate the expression of cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) in gastric cancer (GC) and its effect on biological behaviors and immune cell infiltration of GC.
Methods: Transcriptomic, GO and KEGG analyses were conducted to investigate the association of CRTAC1 expression with prognosis of GC patients and its involvement in cell function and signaling pathways. ESTIMATE algorithm was used to analyze the effect of CRTAC1 expression on the tumor microenvironment and the tumor mutation load.
Background: Liver metastasis of CRC is still the main cause of poor prognosis in patients with CRC. Previous studies have suggested that serpin family C member 1(SERPINC1) is involved in the development of a variety of tumours, but its effect on colorectal cancer progression has been poorly elucidated.
Methods: Based on the GEO database, this study identifies the core gene SERPINC1 associated with liver metastasis in CRC.
Background And Aims: Impaired intestinal barrier function is key in maintaining intestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). However, no targeted treatment in clinical practice has been developed. Peiminine (Pm) strongly protects the epithelial barrier, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether Pm affects CD-like colitis and potential mechanisms for its action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerein, we propose and demonstrate an efficient light modulator by intercalating the nonlinear thin film into the optical resonator cavities, which introduce the ultra-sharp resonances and simultaneously lead to the spatially overlapped optical field between the nonlinear material and the resonators. Differential field intensity distributions in the geometrical perturbation-assisted optical resonator make the high quality-factor resonant modes and strong field confinement. Multiple channel light modulation is achieved in such layered system, which enables the capability for tunability-selective modulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow expression levels of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 like (BRMS1L) have been associated with the growth of cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of BRMS1L as an antitumour transcription factor in the progression of NSCLC have not been explored. Herein, we reveal that BRMS1L plays a key role as a tumour suppressor in inhibiting NSCLC proliferation and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common type of gynecological malignancies. Multiple lines of evidence indicated that CXC chemokines exerted an anti-tumor immunological role in the tumor microenvironment which were critical regulators of cancer immunity. However, the relevance of CXC chemokines in the evaluation of prognosis and immune infiltration of UCEC remains to be explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication following surgery for cancer of the rectum. It is not clear whether reinforcing sutures could prevent anastomotic leakage. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the efficacy of reinforcing sutures on anastomotic leakage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aberrant glycosylation, catalyzed by the specific glycosyltransferase, is one of the dominant features of cancers. Among the glycosyltransferase subfamilies, sialyltransferases (SiaTs) are an essential part which has close linkages with tumor-associated events, such as tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Considering the relationship between SiaTs and cancer, the current study attempted to establish an effective prognostic model with SiaTs-related genes (SRGs) to predict patients' outcome and therapeutic responsiveness of bladder cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important immunocytes associated with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRLM). However, the molecular processes underpinning the interaction between the TME and the tumour-derived exosomal miRNAs in CRLM are not being fully understood; (2) Methods: Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to confirm the existence of exosomes after differential ultracentrifugation. To determine the roles of exosomal miR-203a-3p, an in vivo and in vitro investigation was conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBryostatin-1 (Bryo-1) exerts antioxidative stress effects in multiple diseases, and we confirmed that it improves intestinal barrier dysfunction in experimental colitis. Nevertheless, there are few reports on its action on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In this study, we mainly explored the effect of Bryo-1 on intestinal I/R injury and determined the mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt aimed to explore the effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) combined with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the early prediction of anastomotic leakage (AL) after rectal cancer surgery and to improve the prediction accuracy. In this study, gold (Au)/ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles were first synthesized and modified with polyacrylic acid (PAA). After modification, they underwent CRP antibody detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex system that maintains genetic integrity and the stable replication and transmission of genetic material. m6A modifies DDR-related gene expression and affects the balance of DNA damage response in tumor cells. In this study, a risk model based on m6A-modified DDR-related gene was established to evaluate its role in patients with gastric cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Egypt Natl Canc Inst
December 2022
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) ranks second in mortality among all malignant diseases worldwide. However, the cause and molecular mechanism underlying gastric cancer are not clear. Here, we used integrated bioinformatics to identify possible key genes and reveal the pathogenesis and prognosis of gastric cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMETTL3-mediated RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification that participates in tumor initiation and progression governing the expression of their target genes in cancers. However, its role in tumor cell metabolism remains poorly characterized. In this study, m6A microarray and quantitative proteomics were employed to explore the potential effect and mechanism of METTL3 on the metabolism in GC cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects fertility in women of reproductive age, and a leading cause of anovulatory infertility. Ovarian granulosa cells are a major functional cell type in the ovary that undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to initiate ovulation. Protein glycosylation, catalyzed by specific glycosyltransferases, has been implicated in reproductive events, such as embryo implantation, endometrial receptivity, and decidualization, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, light absorbers have attracted great attentions due to their promising in applications in functional optoelectronic devices. Herein, we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate a new absorber platform, which consists of a 280-nm-thick photonic nonlinear waveguide film covering on the metal grating structure. Strong reflection inhibition and absorption enhancement is achieved in both the forward and backward directions, which indicates potential novel performances since the previous reports only achieved absorption in one side due to the using of opaque metal film substrate or the reflective mirror.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvidences indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely involved and contributed to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. As a novel lncRNA, RP11-79H23.3 was found to be an anti-oncogene in bladder cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbnormal N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification levels caused by METTL3 have been identified to be a critical regulator in human cancers, and its roles in the immune microenvironment and the relationship between targeted therapy and immunotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer (GC) remain poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the transcriptome-wide m6A methylation profile after METTL3 overexpression by m6A sequencing and RNA sequencing in BGC-823 cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to analyze the function of core targets of METTL3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Math Methods Med
August 2022
Objective: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical diagnosis, treatment process, and laboratory test data of patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis to improve the understanding and diagnosis and treatment ability of the disease.
Methods: Patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from October 2003 to July 2021 were selected, and their medical records were consulted. The general data, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment methods were studied.
mG is a post-transcriptional modification modality, however, limited research has been conducted on its role in colon cancer. DNA damage repair (DDR) is an important factor that contributes to colon cancer development, growth and chemoresistance. This study aimed to explore whether mG-related DNA damage repair genes may be used as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of colon cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we analyzed GPC family genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the possible mechanism of action of GPC1 in CRC. CRC patient data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and the prognostic significance of GPC1 expression and its association with clinicopathological features were identified by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. CRC patients with high GPC1 expression had poor overall survival compared with patients with low GPC1 expression.
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