Histological Risk Factors for Lymph Node Metastasis in pT1 Colorectal Cancer: Does Submucosal Invasion Depth Really Matter?

Objective: After endoscopic resection of colorectal cancer with submucosal invasion (pT1 CRC), additional surgical treatment is recommended if deep submucosal invasion (DSI) is present. This study aimed to further elucidate the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with pT1 CRC, especially the effect of DSI on LNM.

Methods: Patients with pT1 CRC who underwent lymph node dissection were selected.

Bone marrow fibrosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and its correlation with clinicopathological factors.

Background: Bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) severely impacts both the quality of life and the efficacy of diagnostic procedures. However, the correlation between BMF and clinicopathological features, cytogenetic changes, and prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) remains unclear. This study determined the incidence, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes of patients with NDMM with BMF.

Clinicopathological spectrum, management, and outcome of ectopic parathyroid carcinoma: Experience with 24 cases.

Purpose: Ectopic parathyroid carcinoma (EPC) is a rare clinical entity with multiple diagnostic pitfalls, making surgical cures challenging. We assessed the clinicopathological spectrum and outcome of EPCs.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 24 EPCs were identified from 133 PC patients treated at a tertiary referral center.

Correlation of PD-L1 expression with CD8+ T cells and oxidative stress-related molecules NRF2 and NQO1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Oxidative stress and the immune microenvironment both contribute to the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, their interrelationships remain poorly understood. We aimed to examine the status of key molecules involved in oxidative stress and the immune microenvironment, as well as their relationships with each other and with clinicopathological features and prognosis in ESCC.

Risk Factors of Distant Metastatic Parathyroid Carcinoma and Insights into Therapeutic Perspectives.

Background: Distant metastatic parathyroid carcinoma (DM-PC) is a rare but often lethal entity with limited data about prognostic indicators. We sought to investigate the risk factors, patterns, and outcomes of DM-PC.

Methods: In this observational cohort study, 126 patients who underwent surgery for PC at a tertiary referral center from 2010 to 2023 were enrolled, among whom 38 had DMs.

Mitosis targeting in non-small lung cancer cells by inhibition of PAD4.

PAD4 expression and activity were significantly up-regulated in lung cancer tissues suggesting that PAD4 could be a possible target for lung cancer treatment. In this study we had demonstrated that PAD4 expression was higher in lung cancer patients whom with lymphnode metastasis and pleural invasion. Inhibiting PAD4 with a small molecular inhibitor could induce apoptosis and suppress growth in lung cancer cells.

Characterization of the Immune Microenvironment and Identification of Biomarkers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis.

Purpose: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a prevalent condition in the field of otorhinolaryngology; however, its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. The immunological defense of the nasal mucosa is significantly influenced by dendritic cells (DCs). We identified specific biological indicators linked to DCs and explored their significance in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

Morphological Characteristics of Various Cells in Esophageal Squamous Dysplasia: Extremely Wide Morphological Spectrum.

The WHO classification of esophageal tumors divides esophageal squamous intraepithelial dysplasia into high and low grades, but does not specify its morphological spectrum. Here, the morphological characteristics of various cells were investigated in esophageal squamous (high-grade) dysplasia, and a morphological spectrum and terminology for this lesion were proposed to avoid misdiagnosis. The clinicopathological data of 540 patients with esophageal squamous dysplasia were analyzed retrospectively.

The association between PD-1 / PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features in sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) accounts for about 4%-5% of all kidney cancers. Previous studies showed that PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was higher in sRCC compared to non-sRCC. In the present study, we aimed to investigate PD-1/PD-L1 expression and its association with clinicopathological features in sRCC.

[Clinicopathological Features of Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Bladder].

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,immunohistochemical features,diagnosis,and relationship with sporadic prostate cancer in primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 12 patients with primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder diagnosed at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2013 to September 2022.The histological features of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder were re-evaluated by two pathologists according to the 2022 revision of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs.

Reticular fibre structure in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid neoplasms.

Background: To investigate the characteristics of reticular fibre structure (RFS) in parathyroid adenoma (PTA), atypical parathyroid tumour (APT), and parathyroid carcinoma (PTC), and to assess its value as a diagnostic indicator.

Methods: Clinical data and pathological specimens of patients with PTA, APT or PTC were collected. Reticular fibre staining was performed to observe the characteristics of RFS.

The Accurate Interpretation and Clinical Significance of Morphological Features of Fine Needle Aspiration Cells in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland; fine needle aspiration cytology is the most basic and reliable diagnostic method before PTC operation. However, it is not clear which cell morphological changes can be used as a reliable standard for the diagnosis of PTC. A retrospective analysis was performed on 337 patients with PTC confirmed by postoperative histology.

Expression and correlation of PD-L1 and HER2 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Aims: In recent years, patients with programmed cell death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been able to benefit from immunotherapy. However, method for improving the treatment efficacy of PD-L1-positive patients is a problem that needs further consideration. Studies on the relationship between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and PD-L1 expression have recently been reported in certain cancers, but the relationship between PD-L1 and HER2 expression in OSCC is still unclear.

[Improving the pathological diagnosis efficacy of fine needle puncture specimens with the changing trend in clinical diagnosis and treatment mode].

The pursuit of minimally invasive biopsy and targeted treatment as well as technical progress have boosted the extensive clinical usages of fine needle puncture cell/tissue acquisition technology in recent years. How to rationally use the limited fine needle puncture materials which are usually minimal and fragmented, while making pathological diagnosis, accomplish the auxiliary tests of immune phenotype, molecular features and other tests required by the clinician, and comprehensively improve the diagnostic benefits of fine needle puncture material is a big challenge facing the pathology community. Up to now, there has been no successful experience that can be learned from abroad.

Features of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy-diagnosed fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Background: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a common type among all the interstitial lung diseases, and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy is an alternative diagnostic technique for interstitial lung diseases. In this study, we describe the clinical and pathological features of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis diagnosed with transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC).

Methods: A total of 46 diffused parenchyma lung disease (DPLD) patients received TBLC were included in this study.

Real-world data of EGFR mutation testing in Chinese non-small cell carcinoma: Low tumor cell number and tumor cellularity can be accepted.

Introduction: Molecular testing on advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often confront of limited specimen.The aim of the study is to compare the mutation frequency in adenocarcinoma samples with poor tumor cell content and the optimal samples, making the optimal strategy of mutation analysis.

Methods: In this retrospective study, mutation status of EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, KRAS, RET, HER2, CMET, NRAS and PIK3CA in 1594 NSCLCs were tested by ARMS-PCR and qRT-PCR, consists of 790 cases of surgical specimens, 741 cases of small biopsies, 63 cases of cytology cell blocks.

Deep learning for automatic diagnosis of gastric dysplasia using whole-slide histopathology images in endoscopic specimens.

Background: Distinguishing gastric epithelial regeneration change from dysplasia and histopathological diagnosis of dysplasia is subject to interobserver disagreement in endoscopic specimens. In this study, we developed a method to distinguish gastric epithelial regeneration change from dysplasia and further subclassify dysplasia. Meanwhile, optimized the cross-hospital diagnosis using domain adaption (DA).