Mitigate Wormhole Attack and Blackhole Attack Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography in MANET.

Numerous network can be connected by using the mobile ad hoc network. It can have security attacks like the worm hole, denial of service attack, jellyfish and also the blackhole. During this they take a path which is the shortest for the place where it has to reach.

Idealization through interactive modeling and experimental assessment of 3D-printed gyroid for trabecular bone scaffold.

Porous scaffolds assisted bone tissue engineering is a viable alternative for reconstruction of large segmental bone defects caused by bone pathologies or trauma. In the current study, we intend to develop trabecular bone scaffolds using gyroid architecture. An interactive modeling framework is developed for the design of three-dimensional gyroid scaffolds using advanced generative tools including K3DSurf, MeshLab, and Netfabb.

Multifunctional hydroxyapatite and hopeite coatings on SS254 by laser rapid manufacturing for improved osseointegration and antibacterial character: A comparative study.

Orthopaedic metallic implant's long-term success strongly depends upon the two main factors: osseointegration and antibacterial character. Bioceramic (hydroxyapatite and hopeite) coatings have been proven effective for getting strong osseointegration and antibacterial character. However, deterioration of bioceramic coatings during the implantation period can adversely affect its overall biological performance.

Nano-magnesium oxide reinforced polylactic acid biofilms for food packaging applications.

This study is aimed at producing biofilms by reinforcement of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) nanoparticles in polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymer using the solvent casting method. In this study MgO nanoparticles (up to 4wt%) were reinforced in PLA biopolymer and their key mechanical, barrier, thermal and antibacterial properties were investigated for food packaging applications. Among the prepared biocomposite films, the 2wt% reinforced PLA films showed the maximum improvement in tensile strength and oxygen barrier properties (up to 29% and 25% respectively) in comparison to pristine PLA films.

Microstructures, hardness and bioactivity of hydroxyapatite coatings deposited by direct laser melting process.

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings on bioinert metals such as Ti-6Al-4V are necessary for biomedical applications. Together, HAP and Ti-6Al-4V are biocompatible and bioactive. The challenges of depositing HAP on Ti-6Al-4V with traditional thermal spraying techniques are well founded.

Thermo-chemical extraction of fuel oil from waste lubricating grease.

This study investigated the recovery of oil from waste grease through the process of thermal degradation in an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) followed by solvent extraction. Waste high temperature metal bearing grease was dissolved in a 15 w/w% KOH solution at 80°C while being agitated at 2000 rpm using a shear action agitator for a period of 15 min. Two distinct layers were observed after 8 min of settling time.