Correction to "Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Methanol Extract and Essential Oil from Delile (Acanthaceae)".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06246.

Childhood cancer presentation and initial outcomes in Ethiopia: Findings from a recently opened pediatric oncology unit.

There were no pediatric oncology centers in southwest Ethiopia prior to 2016. This study aims to describe presenting diagnoses and initial outcomes at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), the first pediatric oncology unit (POU) in southwest Ethiopia, provide initial insights into regional pediatric cancer epidemiology, illustrate the rapid growth of pediatric cancer services, and highlight ongoing challenges. We used a retrospective descriptive approach to assess the epidemiologic pattern and initial treatment outcomes of pediatric cancer at JUMC POU from August 2016 through December 2022.

Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence.

Background: Predictive modelling using pre-epidemic data have long been used to guide public health responses to communicable disease outbreaks and other health disruptions. In this study, cancer registry and related health data available 2-3 months from diagnosis were used to predict changes in cancer detection that otherwise would not have been identified until full registry processing was completed about 18-24 months later. A key question was whether these earlier data could be used to predict cancer incidence ahead of full processing by the cancer registry as a guide to more timely health responses.

Greenspace and risk of obesity-related cancer in the UK Biobank cohort: An analysis of private residential gardens and other greenspace types.

Background: Cohort studies linking greenspace exposure to a lower risk of obesity-related cancer (ORC) are scarce. Existing evidence on site-specific cancers has predominantly relied on non-specific greenspace measures, including vegetation indices. We examined the associations of total greenspace, private residential gardens, and other greenspace types with the risk of being diagnosed with overall and site-specific ORC.

Development and validation of an intrinsic capacity score in the UK Biobank study.

Background: In 2015, the World Health Organization introduced the concept of intrinsic capacity (IC) to define the individual-level characteristics that enable an older person to be and do the things they value. This study developed an intrinsic capacity score for UK Biobank study participants and validated its use as a tool for health outcome prediction, understanding healthy aging trajectories, and genetic research.

Methods: Our analysis included data from 45,208 UK biobank participants who had a complete record of the ten variables included in the analysis.

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Methanol Extract and Essential Oil from Delile (Acanthaceae).

The evolution of microbes in response to conventional antimicrobials leads to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR), and it is a global threat to public health. Natural products are possible solutions to this massive challenge. In this study, the potential of extracts was investigated for phytochemical composition and biological properties as antimicrobials.

Polyvinyl alcohol-based economical triboelectric nanogenerator for self-powered energy harvesting applications.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising alternative for powering small-scale electronics without relying on traditional power sources, and play an important role in the development of the internet of things (IoTs). Herein, a low-cost, flexible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based TENG (PVA-TENG) is reported to harvest low-frequency mechanical vibrations and convert them into electricity. PVA thin film is prepared by a simple solution casting technique and utilized to serve as the tribopositive material, polypropylene film as tribonegative, and aluminum foil as electrodes of the device.

Association of polygenic score and the involvement of cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways with lithium treatment response in patients with bipolar disorder.

Lithium is regarded as the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), a severe and disabling mental health disorder that affects about 1% of the population worldwide. Nevertheless, lithium is not consistently effective, with only 30% of patients showing a favorable response to treatment. To provide personalized treatment options for bipolar patients, it is essential to identify prediction biomarkers such as polygenic scores.

Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Uncontrolled Diabetes Using the All of Us Research Program Data.

There is a paucity of predictive models for uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The present study applied different machine learning algorithms on multiple patient characteristics to predict uncontrolled diabetes. Patients with diabetes above the age of 18 from the All of Us Research Program were included.

Association of Polygenic Score and the involvement of Cholinergic and Glutamatergic Pathways with Lithium Treatment Response in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.

Lithium is regarded as the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), a severe and disabling mental disorder that affects about 1% of the population worldwide. Nevertheless, lithium is not consistently effective, with only 30% of patients showing a favorable response to treatment. To provide personalized treatment options for bipolar patients, it is essential to identify prediction biomarkers such as polygenic scores.

Multifactorial structure of cognitive assessment tests in the UK Biobank: A combined exploratory factor and structural equation modeling analyses.

Introduction: The UK Biobank cognitive assessment data has been a significant resource for researchers looking to investigate predictors and modifiers of cognitive abilities and associated health outcomes in the general population. Given the diverse nature of this data, researchers use different approaches - from the use of a single test to composing the general intelligence score, , across the tests. We argue that both approaches are suboptimal - one being too specific and the other one too general - and suggest a novel multifactorial solution to represent cognitive abilities.

Lifestyle, genetic risk and incidence of cancer: a prospective cohort study of 13 cancer types.

Background: Genetic and lifestyle factors are associated with cancer risk. We investigated the benefits of adhering to lifestyle advice by the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) with the risk of 13 types of cancer and whether these associations differ according to genetic risk using data from the UK Biobank.

Methods: In 2006-2010, participants aged 37-73 years had their lifestyle assessed and were followed up for incident cancers until 2015-2019.

Metabolic profile predicts incident cancer: A large-scale population study in the UK Biobank.

Background And Aims: Analyses to predict the risk of cancer typically focus on single biomarkers, which do not capture their complex interrelations. We hypothesized that the use of metabolic profiles may provide new insights into cancer prediction.

Methods: We used information from 290,888 UK Biobank participants aged 37 to 73 years at baseline.

Considering hormone-sensitive cancers as a single disease in the UK biobank reveals shared aetiology.

Hormone-related cancers, including cancers of the breast, prostate, ovaries, uterine, and thyroid, globally contribute to the majority of cancer incidence. We hypothesize that hormone-sensitive cancers share common genetic risk factors that have rarely been investigated by previous genomic studies of site-specific cancers. Here, we show that considering hormone-sensitive cancers as a single disease in the UK Biobank reveals shared genetic aetiology.

Adiposity and cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis in the UK biobank.

Background: Observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies link obesity and cancer, but it remains unclear whether these depend upon related metabolic abnormalities.

Methods: We used information from 321,472 participants in the UK biobank, including 30,561 cases of obesity-related cancer. We constructed three genetic instruments reflecting higher adiposity together with either "unfavourable" (82 SNPs), "favourable" (24 SNPs) or "neutral" metabolic profile (25 SNPs).

Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning.

Recent evidence suggests that, in some foci, elimination of onchocerciasis from Africa may be feasible with mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin. To achieve continental elimination of transmission, mapping surveys will need to be conducted across all implementation units (IUs) for which endemicity status is currently unknown. Using boosted regression tree models with optimised hyperparameter selection, we estimated environmental suitability for onchocerciasis at the 5 × 5-km resolution across Africa.

Unsuppressed Viral Load Level in Public Health Facilities: Nonvirological Predictors among Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Users in Southwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Unsuppressed viral load in patients on antiretroviral (ARV) therapy occurs when treatment fails to suppress a patient's viral load, and is associated with decreased survival and increased HIV transmission. Identifying the level of unsuppressed viral load with its associated factors has benefits in controlling transmission and reducing burden. Therefore, this study aimed to assess unsuppressed viral load (>1,000 copies/mL) and associated factors among HIV patients taking first-line antiretroviral treatment at public health facilities in Jimma, Ethiopia.

Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

Background: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria.

Methods: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation.

The morbidity burden from emergency conditions in Jimma city, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa shares a disproportionately large ratio of the global acute disease burden, however epidemiological data specific to the burden of emergency conditions are lacking. This study aimed to determine the morbidity burden of emergency conditions in Jimma city, Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using emergency case registries of three years from 2014 to 2017, at Jimma Medical Center and Shenen Gibe Hospital.