Comparison of central venous oxygen saturation and mixed venous oxygen saturation during liver transplantation.

Central venous catheterisation is commonly performed during major surgery and intensive care, and it would be useful if central venous oxygen saturation could function as a surrogate for mixed venous oxygen saturation. We studied 50 patients undergoing living related liver transplantation. Blood samples were taken simultaneously from central venous and pulmonary artery catheters at nine time points during the pre-anhepatic, anhepatic, and postanhepatic phases.

Candidate selection and preclinical evaluation of N-tert-butyl isoquine (GSK369796), an affordable and effective 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial for the 21st century.

N-tert-Butyl isoquine (4) (GSK369796) is a 4-aminoquinoline drug candidate selected and developed as part of a public-private partnership between academics at Liverpool, MMV, and GSK pharmaceuticals. This molecule was rationally designed based on chemical, toxicological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic considerations and was selected based on excellent activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and rodent malaria parasites in vivo. The optimized chemistry delivered this novel synthetic quinoline in a two-step procedure from cheap and readily available starting materials.

A simple prophylaxis regimen for MRSA: its impact on the incidence of infection in patients undergoing liver resection.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection has increased at an alarming rate in the recent past and has major cost implications. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a policy of pre-operative MRSA prophylaxis on the incidence of MRSA infection in patients undergoing liver resection.

Patients And Methods: A total of 585 patients underwent hepatectomy in a tertiary referral centre between January 2000 and September 2005.

2-(2-Iodo-benzenesulfonamido)acetic acid.

The title compound, C(8)H(8)INO(4)S, is a halogenated sulfon-amide, a medicinally important class of organic compounds. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the carboxylic acid groups form characteristic centrosymmetric dimers. These dimers are further linked through centrosymmetric dimeric N-H⋯O inter-actions involving the amido H atom and a sulfonyl O atom.

Successful surgical resection of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor post neoadjuvent therapy.

We report a case of a 48-year-old Indian male who presented with swelling and firmness in his left upper part of the abdomen of one month duration with anorexia and weight loss. Initial examination revealed an intra abdominal mass of around 16.8x11.

Indication for treatment and long-term outcome of focal nodular hyperplasia.

Introduction: Unlike malignant liver tumours, the indications for hepatic resection for benign disease are not well defined. This is particularly true for focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Here we summarize a single-centre experience of the diagnosis and management of FNH.

MR imaging of cerebral and cerebellar hypervascularity associated with status epilepticus: case report.

A 20 year old male presented to the emergency department with generalized tonic clonic convulsions and up rolling of eye balls. He had history of seizure disorder for three years and on regular medical treatment and is compliant to medication. A non-contrast CT scan of the head was only done on 14th day of admission which showed hypodense areas in the right and left cerebellar hemisphere.

The therapeutic potential of intraoperative hypercapnia during video-assisted thoracoscopy in pediatric patients.

Background: Although the cardiovascular effect of CO2 insufflation has not been reported in pediatric thoracoscopy, several clinical trials have demonstrated significant hemodynamic deterioration in adults. We investigated the concept of therapeutic hypercapnia for counteracting the hemodynamic effect of induced capnothorax.

Methods: Twelve pediatric patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic patent ductus arteriosus closure were enrolled in the study.

The impact of maintaining normal serum albumin level following living related liver transplantation: does serum albumin level affect the course? A pilot study.

Hypoalbuminemia in patients with end-stage liver disease persists for weeks even after liver transplantation. Human albumin is widely used for volume replacement, to increase oncotic pressure, to improve organ function, and to promote wound healing. However, these practices are not evidence-based.

Preoperative determinants of common bile duct stones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine whether there are any clinical or biochemical predictors of common bile duct (CBD) stones in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: A prospective database of nearly 1000 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed under the care of a single surgeon with a standardised technique between 1999 and 2006, was analysed. Clinical presentation, ultrasound and immediate preoperative biochemical results as well as the operative cholangiogram findings were reviewed.

Unusual clinical presentation of a severely protruding premaxilla in patient with bilateral clefts.

Prominent premaxilla is one of the problems encountered when dealing with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients. Secondary alveolar bone grafting with these patients would achieve filling of the osseous defect, supports the alar base, eliminate the oro-nasal fistula and enhance the maxillary instability. This article describes the management of a bilateral cleft lip and palate patient with an extremely protruding premaxilla done in one stage surgery.

Effect of type of resection on outcome of hepatic resection for colorectal metastases.

Background: Non-anatomical liver resections have become more common in the management of colorectal liver metastases. This study examined survival and patterns of recurrence following surgery for colorectal liver metastases.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively on all patients who had hepatic surgery for colorectal liver metastases at St James' University Hospital, Leeds between 1993 and May 2003, and analysed with respect to type of resection.

Warm ischemia in transplantation: search for a consensus definition.

Unlabelled: "Warm ischemia" is a term used to describe ischemia of cells and tissues under normothermic conditions. In the transplant setting, this term is used to describe two physiologically distinct periods of ischaemia: (1) Ischemia during implantation, from removal of the organ from ice until reperfusion, and (2) Ischemia during organ retrieval, from the time of cross clamping (or of asystole in non-heart-beating donors), until cold perfusion is commenced. These periods of warm ischemia differ in their nature and the magnitude of their pathophysiologic consequences.

Elevated preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts survival following hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases.

Background: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) provides an indicator of inflammatory status. An elevated NLR has been shown to be a prognostic indicator in primary colorectal malignancy. The aim of this study was to establish whether NLR predicts outcome in patients undergoing resection for colorectal liver metastasis.

Accident prevention program in a glass factory in Shoubra El Khema district.

Background: An accident can be defined as an unplanned event that results in or suggests the possibility of personal injury, property damage production interruption diminished health or environmental damage. The accidents have a cost impact on the employees and the company itself.

Objective: This intervention study was carried out to decrease the accident rate in a glass factory in Shoubra El-Khema district.

C-reactive protein as a predictor of prognosis following curative resection for colorectal liver metastases.

There is increasing evidence that systemic inflammatory response has a positive correlation with a poorer outcome in patients undergoing resection for solid tumours. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of an elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), an outcome following curative resection for colorectal liver metastases. One hundred and seventy patients who underwent curative resection for colorectal liver metastases were included in the study.

Prognostic influence of multiple hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.

Aims: The aim of this study was to report the results of surgery for multiple colorectal liver metastases on patient outcome.

Methods: This was a review of 484 consecutive patients who underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases between 1993 and 2003. The cohort was divided into 2 groups, those with 1-3 metastases and those with "multiple" metastases, namely 4 or more lesions.

Outcomes after major hepatectomy in elderly patients.

Background: We aimed to study the early and longterm outcomes of patients 70 years and older undergoing major liver resections, and compare the results with patients below the age of 70 years.

Study Design: All patients undergoing major liver resection (defined as three segments or more) from January 1993 to June 2004 were included. Patients were studied in two groups: 70 years of age and older (group E, elderly) and less than 70 years old (group Y, young).

Hepatic resection for colorectal metastasis: impact of tumour size.

Background: Many colorectal liver metastasis patients are denied surgical resection on the basis of tumour size. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of metastasis size on modern liver resection.

Methods: Using a prospectively collected database, this was a retrospective analysis of 484 consecutive patients who underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases between 1993 and 2003.