Facial atopic dermatitis is associated with sensitization to cow's milk, egg whites, and peanuts in children under 36 months.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) in early childhood often precedes the development of food sensitization and allergy, but the role of treating AD to prevent food allergy remains poorly understood. Our objective was to assess the relationship between facial dermatitis and food sensitization to cow's milk, egg whites, and peanuts in early childhood, as aggressive treatment of facial dermatitis could serve as a potential opportunity for food sensitization prevention. By 3 years of age, food sensitization levels to cow's milk, egg whites, and peanuts were 48% greater in children with facial AD than in children with no facial involvement of their AD.

Timing of scratch and limb movements during sleep in children with atopic dermatitis.

In this retrospective analysis of children with atopic dermatitis (n = 6) who coincidentally had a video polysomnography, we found that most nocturnal limb movements in children with atopic dermatitis are non-scratch versus scratch, 109.0 ± 67.9 vs.

Isolated Wrist Drop Presenting as Acute Stroke: Rare Case Report with Review of Literature.

Isolated wrist drop is very unusual clinical presentation due to cerebral stroke. It is highly confused with peripheral neuropathy. However, timely detection of acute stroke as one of the causes of wrist drop is necessary as it changes the line of treatment and prognosis significantly.

Cervical length measurement in nulliparous women at term by ultrasound & its relationship to spontaneous onset of labour.

Background & Objectives: Data on serial cervical length (CL) measurements in pregnancy at term to predict spontaneous labour onset are scarce and conflicting. This study was conducted to observe CL changes preceding spontaneous onset of labour, by serial transvaginal sonography (TVS) and transabdominal sonography (TAS), in nulliparous Indian women near term.

Methods: Only nulliparous women with a singleton foetus in cephalic presentation and who confirmed their gestational age were recruited.

Randomized controlled trial of elevation of the fetal head with a fetal pillow during cesarean delivery at full cervical dilatation.

Objective: To evaluate whether use of the Fetal Pillow (Safe Obstetric Systems, Shenfield, UK) affects maternal and fetal morbidity in cesarean delivery at full cervical dilatation.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at two teaching hospitals in West Bengal, India, between April 1, 2013, and March 31, 2014. Women undergoing cesarean delivery at full dilatation were enrolled and randomly assigned with computer-generated random numbers (block size 10) to undergo delivery with or without the Fetal Pillow.

Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography to evaluate acute cessation of venous inflow during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Acute disruption of venous return during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may be due to malposition of the venous cannula, kinks or obstruction of the venous tubing by a smaller cannula, airlock, or mechanical disruption of blood flow. We describe an acute obstruction of the venous cannula by blood clots that were visualized on the transesophageal echocardiogram during CPB. Appropriate measures were taken by the surgeon to evacuate the clot and restore CPB.

Overcoming Challenges in the Management of Critical Events During Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Critical events during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can challenge the most experienced perfusionists, anesthesiologists, and surgeons and can potentially lead to devastating outcomes. Much of the challenge of troubleshooting these events requires a key understanding of these situations and a well-defined strategy for early recognition and treatment. Adverse situations may be anticipated prior to going on CPB.

Hyperkalemia: A rare cause of acute flaccid quadriparesis.

Acute flaccid quadriparesis secondary to hyperkalemia is a very rare and serious but reversible medical emergency. We present a case of a 73-year-old female who was admitted with rapidly progressive ascending paraparesis progressing to quadriparesis in about 10 h due to hyperkalemia. Patient was treated with antihyperkalemic measures.

Does elevating the fetal head prior to delivery using a fetal pillow reduce maternal and fetal complications in a full dilatation caesarean section? A prospective study with historical controls.

A caesarean section at full dilatation (CSFD) can be technically demanding and has consistent association with increased intraoperative trauma. There is evidence that the incidence of caesarean sections at full dilation is on the rise. We report on a prospective study of 50 women undergoing CSFD using a fetal pillow (FP) to elevate the fetal head.

Acute and chronic respiratory failure.

Respiratory failure (RF) can be attributed to a plethora of neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) and manifests clinically in a multitude of overt or more subtle ways. The basic principles of pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of neurologic diseases and of RF apply concomitantly to this subset of patients. Various entities should be approached according to the latest evidence-based recommendations.

A randomized controlled trial comparing two different antibiotic regimens for prophylaxis at cesarean section.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of intravenous single dose, less costly cefotaxime and more expensive amoxycillin-clavulanic acid combination for prophylaxis at cesarean section.

Method: A double blind randomized controlled trial was undertaken on 760 subjects with two parallel treatment groups. Data were analyzed using Graphpad Instat 3 McIntosh software by Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, the Chi-squared test or fisher's exact test.

Does route of delivery affect maternal and perinatal outcome in women with eclampsia? A randomized controlled pilot study.

Objective: The route of delivery in eclampsia is controversial. We hypothesized that adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes may not be improved by early cesarean delivery.

Study Design: This was a randomized controlled exploratory trial carried out in a rural teaching institution.

Acute ischemic stroke in a child with cyanotic congenital heart disease due to non-compliance of anticoagulation.

Background: Stroke is a common presentation in geriatric patients in emergency department but rarely seen in pediatric patients. In case of acute ischemic stroke in pediatric age group, management is different from that of adult ischemic stroke where thrombolysis is a good op.

Methods: We report a case of a 17-year-old male child presenting in emergency with an episode of acute ischemic stroke causing left hemiparesis with left facial weakness and asymmetry.

Normative data of cervical length in singleton pregnancy in women attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern India.

Background & Objectives: The length of cervix predicts the risk of preterm delivery. The objective of this study was to assess cervical length in pregnancy by transvaginal ultrasonography for generating normative data for nulliparous women at no special risk of preterm labour.

Methods: An observational study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern India in nulliparous women who delivered at term.

Aromatase inhibitors in recurrent ovarian endometriomas: report of five cases with literature review.

Objective: To determine the role of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in the treatment of recurrent ovarian endometrioma cases.

Design: Nonrandomized proof of concept study.

Settings: Outpatient tertiary-care center.

Maternal mortality and cesarean delivery: an analytical observational study.

Aim: Pregnant women and their doctors need to know the maternal risks associated with different methods of delivery. There are few publications with ideal study design and adequate power to establish the relationship between maternal mortality and mode of delivery. The present retrospective cohort study was undertaken to evaluate the intrinsic risk of maternal death, directly attributed to cesarean delivery (CD) compared to vaginal delivery (VD), and to evaluate further the differential risk associated with antepartum and intrapartum CD.

A randomized controlled trial comparing short versus long-term catheterization after uncomplicated vaginal prolapse surgery.

Aims: Routine catheterization following vaginal prolapse surgery has advantages like prevention of postoperative retention of urine and prevention of any adverse effect on surgical outcome. However, it increases the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), prevent early ambulation and prolong hospital stay. This randomized controlled trial was done on how best to minimize catheter related complication after prolapse surgery.

Outcome in second- versus first-stage cesarean delivery in a teaching institution in eastern India.

We evaluated the maternal and perinatal complications of cesarean delivery performed in the second stage compared with the first stage of labor in nulliparous women. We performed a hospital-based cohort study in a teaching institution in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The primary maternal outcomes measured included intraoperative surgical complications, duration of surgery, need for blood transfusion, wound infection, transfer to intensive care unit, and length of hospital stay.

Maternal mortality in India: a 20-year study from a large referral medical college hospital, West Bengal.

Aim: The present study was carried out to analyze the maternal death rate and its changing trends over a 20-year period in a large referral/teaching institution in Eastern India.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of maternal deaths was carried out from January 1986 to December 2005 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, R. G.