Analyzing the impact of competitiveness factors on increasing grain production in Kazakhstan and Russia.

The main research objective of this study is to conduct a detailed econometric analysis of the factors affecting the competitiveness of cereal production in Northern Kazakhstan and the Volga region of Russia, focusing on climatic conditions, irrigation systems, and soil cultivation technologies. The assessment of grain production competitiveness was considered for the period 2018-2020 in the context of the following indicators: grain yield, grain sown area, and gross grain harvest. The data analysis also included indicators of annual domestic grain consumption and total grain production in Kazakhstan and Russia.

Density Functional Theory-Based Indicators to Estimate the Corrosion Potentials of Zinc Alloys in Chlorine-, Oxidizing-, and Sulfur-Harsh Environments.

Nowadays, biodegradable metals and alloys, as well as their corrosion behavior, are of particular interest. The corrosion process of metals and alloys under various harsh conditions can be studied via the investigation of corrosion atom adsorption on metal surfaces. This can be performed using density functional theory-based simulations.

The Effects of Heat Treatment on the Oxidation Resistance and Fatty Acid Composition of the Vegetable Oil Blend.

The purpose is to elucidate the effects of the duration of heat treatment on the resistance of vegetable oils to oxidative processes. Iodine and acid values were analyzed before and after heat exposure. Rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, and a blend of rapeseed and sunflower oils (ratio 55:45) were used as samples.

Study of vegetable oils and their blends using infrared reflectance spectroscopy and refractometry.

The present study aims to perform a comparative analysis of vegetable oils and their two-component blends using infrared spectroscopy and refractometry. The study was conducted in Almaty (Kazakhstan) in 2020. Three samples of 44 vegetable oils and their blends made from two components were examined.

Optimal Hydrothermal Treatment of Sesame Seeds to Retain Most of the Nutrients.

Sesame oil is an important source of nutrients. Thus, there is a need to develop new technologies, which preserve the integrity of these substances in processed oil. The aim of the study was to outline the optimal hydrothermal treatment of sesame seeds, which would enable preserving its therapeutic properties.

The role of divalent iron cations in the growth, adhesive properties and extracellular adaptation mechanisms of sp.

The present study aims to examine PAB culture, synthesizing a significant number of iron-containing enzymes and capable of adhesion. Results show that increased iron concentration increased enzymes activity in all strains studied. An increase of iron ions level increasing up to 0.

Treated livestock wastewater influence on soil quality and possibilities of crop irrigation.

This work aims to investigate how livestock wastewater irrigation affects the quality and agricultural potential of soil. The experiments took place in 2019 on a research station with an area of 10 ha (Moscow region, Russian Federation), divided into two even sites of 5 ha (control, experimental). Eleven germination experiments were carried out to determine the influence of livestock wastewater irrigation on radish seeds (1 - control; 10 - irrigation with liquid and solid phases of wastewater samples mixed with pure water).

Applications of Multi-Target Computer-Aided Methodologies in Molecular Design of CNS Drugs.

The discovery of drugs for diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) faces high attrition rates in clinical trials. Neural diseases are extremely complex in nature and typically associated with multiple drug targets. A conception of multi-target directed ligands (MTDL), widely applied to the discovery of cancer pharmaceuticals, may be a perspective solution for CNS diseases.

On the mechanism of substrate/non-substrate recognition by P-glycoprotein.

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp, multi-drug resistance protein, MDR1) plays a gatekeeper role, interfering delivery of multiple pharmaceuticals to the target tissues and cells. We performed Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to generate fifty side-chain variants for P-gp (PDB ID: 4Q9H-L) followed by docking of 31 drugs (0.6≤ER≤22.

Risk of defeats in the central nervous system during deep space missions.

Space flight factors (SFF) significantly affect the operating activity of astronauts during deep space missions. Gravitational overloads, hypo-magnetic field and ionizing radiation are the main SFF that perturb the normal activity of the central nervous system (CNS). Acute and chronic CNS risks include alterations in cognitive abilities, reduction of motor functions and behavioural changes.

Combined effects of antiorthostatic suspension and ionizing radiation on the behaviour and neurotransmitters changes in different brain structures of rats.

Space flight factors (SFF) significantly affect the operating activity of astronauts during deep space missions. In contrast to an orbital flight, leaving the Earth's magnetic field is fraught with the dangers of exposure to ionizing radiation and more specifically, the high-energy nuclei component of galactic cosmic rays. Microgravity, just another critical non-radiation factor, significantly affects the normal functioning of the CNS.

Assessment of the classification abilities of the CNS multi-parametric optimization approach by the method of logistic regression.

Assessment of "CNS drugs/CNS candidates" classification abilities of the multi-parametric optimization (CNS MPO) approach was performed by logistic regression. It was found that the five out of the six separately used physical-chemical properties (topological polar surface area, number of hydrogen-bonded donor atoms, basicity, lipophilicity of compound in neutral form and at pH = 7.4) provided accuracy of recognition below 60%.

Computational Modelling in Studies for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) NS3 Protease.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected up to 3% of global human population. More than 350 thousand die annually due to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, developed at the late stages of the disease. The typical ways of HCV transmission are: transfusion of contaminated blood and blood products; sharing syringes among intravenous drug users; use of poorly sterilized medical instruments in certain countries with bad sterilization practice.

Allosteric pocket of the dengue virus (serotype 2) NS2B/NS3 protease: In silico ligand screening and molecular dynamics studies of inhibition.

The allosteric pocket of the Dengue virus (DENV2) NS2B/NS3 protease, which is proximal to its catalytic triad, represents a promising drug target (Othman et al., 2008). We have explored this binding site through large-scale virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations followed by calculations of binding free energy.

[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Declaration I. A study of interrelation "structure--the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory action"].

Using the computer system SARD-21 (Structure Activity Relationship & Design) the structural features typical for high- and low- effective nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were analyzed. This information has been used for the model for prediction of anti-inflammatory effectiveness of medicines with 76% and 81% level of recognition by two methods. New data can be used for creating new highly effective NSAIDs, and for increasing effectiveness of already known components.