Development of Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Rhein to Improve Biopharmaceutical Performance: Physiochemical Characterization, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.

Introduction: Rhein, a natural bioactive lipophilic compound with numerous pharmacological activities, faces limitations in clinical application due to poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. Thus, this study aimed to develop a rhein-loaded self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (RL-SNEDDS) to improve solubility and bioavailability.

Methods: The RL-SNEDDS was prepared by aqueous titration method with eucalyptus oil (oil phase), tween 80 (surfactant), and PEG 400 (co-surfactant) and optimization was performed by 3 factorial design.

Efficacy of Scapular Functional and Cervical Isometric Exercises in the Management of Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Comparative Trial.

The global rise in work-related musculoskeletal ailments has led to issues like neck discomfort, scapular muscle dysfunction, reduced neck mobility, and functional limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of scapular functional exercises (SFE) and cervical isometric exercises (CIE) on pain, cervical range of motion (CROM), and functional limitations in individuals with chronic mechanical neck pain (CMNP). A two-arm, parallel group pretest-post-test randomized comparative trial was conducted.

Development of Hot Melt Extruded Co-Formulated Artesunate and Amodiaquine- Soluplus Solid Dispersion System in Fixed-Dose Form: Amorphous State Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.

Introduction: This study aims to develop co-amorphous Solid Dispersion (SD) system containing antimalarials Artesunate (ARS) and Amodiaquine (AMQ) to improve its oral bioavailability employing the Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) technique. Soluplus was selected as a polymeric excipient, whereas Lutrol F127, Lutrol F68, TPGS, and PEG400 as surfactants were incorporated along with Soluplus to enhance extrudability, improve hydrophilicity, and improve the blend viscosity during HME. Soluplus with surfactant combination successfully stabilizes both drugs during extrusion by generating SD because of its lower glass transition temperature (Tg) and viscoelastic behavior.

Development of chitosan/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-based polyelectrolyte complex of dexamethasone for treatment of anterior uveitis.

Anterior uveitis is one of the most prevalent forms of ocular inflammation caused by infections, trauma, and other idiopathic conditions if not treated properly, it can cause complete blindness. Therefore, this study aimed to formulate and evaluate dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) loaded polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment of anterior uveitis. DSP-loaded PEC-NPs were formed through complex coacervation by mixing low molecular weight chitosan and the anionic polymer carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC).

Design, synthesis, molecular docking and anticancer activities of 1-(4-(benzamido)phenyl)-3-arylurea derivatives.

In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, oestrogens play a critical role in the development of breast cancer. Aromatase is an enzyme that catalyses the final step in the biosynthesis of estrogen and has emerged as a promising target for therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to design and evaluate novel 1-(4-(benzamido)phenyl)-3-arylurea derivatives as potential aromatase inhibitors.

Karanjin-loaded soya lecithin-based ethosomal nanogel for the therapeutic intervention of psoriasis: formulation development, factorial design based-optimization,andassessment.

This study aimed to develop and optimize karanjin-loaded ethosomal nanogel formulation and evaluate its efficacy in alleviating symptoms of psoriasis in an animal model induced by imiquimod. These karanjin-loaded ethosomal nanogel, were formulated to enhance drug penetration into the skin and its epidermal retention. Karanjin was taken to formulate ethosomes due to its potential ani-psoriatic activity.

Development and Optimization of Proniosomal Formulation of Irbesartan Using a Box-Behnken Design to Enhance Oral Bioavailability: Physicochemical Characterization and Assessment.

This research work aimed to develop and evaluate proniosomes for the oral delivery of the lipophilic drug Irbesartan (IRB) to improve its solubility and bioavailability. Proniosomes of Irbesartan were formulated using a lipid, surfactant, and carrier by a slurry method. Based on the prepared preliminary trial batches and their evaluation, the formulation was optimized by employing a Box-Behnken design (BBD) in which concentrations of span 60 (), cholesterol (), and mannitol () were used as three independent variables and the vesicular size (VS) (), % entrapment efficiency (% EE) (), and % cumulative drug release (% CDR) () were used as dependent variables.

A Comprehensive Review of Various Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Skin Cancer.

Skin cancer (SC) poses a global threat to the healthcare system and is expected to increase significantly over the next two decades if not diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment, as the disease becomes more challenging to cure as it progresses. However, identifying new drugs, achieving clinical success, and overcoming drug resistance remain significant challenges.

Global Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Current Therapeutic Novelties in Migraine Therapy and their Prevention: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: The current article reviews the latest information on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, recent advancements in clinical management, current therapeutic novelties, and the prevention of migraines. In a narrative review, all studies as per developed MeSH terms published until February 2023, excluding those irrelevant, were identified through a PubMed literature search.

Methods: Overall, migraine affects more than a billion people annually and is one of the most common neurological illnesses.

A Systematic Review of Chronic Diseases and Their Prevalence Among the Population of Northern Borders Province (NBP) in Saudi Arabia.

Estimation of the prevalence of chronic conditions is pivotal to effective healthcare planning and management. Therefore, our objective was to systemically review previous literature about the prevalence of chronic diseases among residents of Northern Borders Province (NBP) in Saudi Arabia. The electronic search has been done using scientific databases (PubMed, Ebsco, SciFinder, and Web of Science) and search engines up to September 2021.

Accelerated stability evaluation and in vitro antimicrobial activity of a preformed ciprofloxacin nanocrystal formulation.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is frequently used to treat variety of bacterial illnesses. Drugs can lose their therapeutic efficiency due to physical and chemical deterioration. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate CIP nanocrystals stability and antibacterial activity.

Novel Therapeutic Approach in PEGylated Chitosan Nanoparticles of Apigenin for the Treatment of Cancer via Oral Nanomedicine.

The goal of this study was to optimize and formulate apigenin (APG)-loaded pegylated chitosan nanoparticles (PEGylated-CNPs) via ionic gelation techniques using the Box-Behnken design (BBD). Three individual variables, X(chitosan: TPP concentration), X (PEG-400 concentration), and X (sonication time), were investigated for their influence on response variables (Y-particle size (PS); Y-drug entrapment efficiency (DEE); and Y-zeta potential (ZP). The optimized formula of APG-PEGylated CNPs was picked from the statistical design and was then examined for physical, morphological, release characterization, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor potential.

Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Technique to Quantify Cefdinir in Human Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

A biosensitive analysis method development and validation was performed for accurate and rapid quantification of cefdinir (CDR) in human plasma by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique coupled with electrospray ionization. Analysis was carried out using a C18 column with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and operating temperature of 30.

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of α-Mangostin-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticle Gel for Topical Therapy in Skin Cancer.

The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate α-mangostin-loaded polymeric nanoparticle gel (α-MNG-PLGA) formulation to enhance α-mangostin delivery in an epidermal carcinoma. The poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were developed using the emulsion-diffusion-evaporation technique with a 3-level 3-factor Box-Behnken design. The NPs were characterized and evaluated for particle size distribution, zeta potential (mV), drug release, and skin permeation.

Evaluation of wound healing potential and biochemical estimation of sage oil nanoemulsion on animal model.

The study was aimed to design a nano emulsion formulations of Sage oil and to determine its effectiveness in healing the wound using rats as a model. Sage oil nanoemulsion (o/w) was formulated by a spontaneous emulsification method and tested for physicochemical parameters. The wound creation methods namely; circular excision and linear incision were utilized in the present study.

Development of Apigenin-Loaded Niosomes Using Ecological Probe Sonication Technique for Enhanced Oral Delivery: Application of Box- Behnken Design.

Background: Apigenin (APG), a natural bioactive flavonoid has multiple pharmacological effects. However, its poor aqueous solubility hinders its clinical benefits.

Objective And Methods: The work aimed to develop novel apigenin-loaded niosomes (APG-NIO) with ecological probe sonication techniques.

An Updated Review on Therapeutic Potential and Recent Advances in Drug Delivery of Berberine: Current Status and Future Prospect.

Natural products are well known for their high potency with minimum side effects. Plant extracts are the most commonly used natural products because of their ease of availability and relatively low production cost. Berberine (BBR), a phytochemical component of some Chinese medicinal herbs (most commonly Berberis vulgaris), is an isoquinoline alkaloid with several biological and pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, antimicrobial, antidepressant, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic actions.

Molecular Targets and Nanoparticulate Systems Designed for the Improved Therapeutic Intervention in Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and fatal CNS related tumors, which is responsible for about 4% of cancer-related deaths. Current GBM therapy includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The effective chemotherapy of GBM is compromised by two barriers, i.

Aneurysmal degeneration and rupture of deep vein conduit with formation of an arterial-vaginal fistula 13 years after creation of a femoral-femoral bypass.

The autologous deep vein is a suitable alternative to prosthetic or cadaveric grafts as a bypass conduit because of its superior durability and lower risk of complications. Aneurysmal degeneration of deep vein grafts is rarely seen but can potentially be fatal when it does occur. We describe the case of an 87-year-old woman who presented with acute vaginal bleeding due to the rupture of an aneurysmal femorofemoral bypass vein graft into the vagina.

Renal artery aneurysm associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is an inherited, rare, mitochondrial metabolic disease that leads to progressive vision loss due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The disorder has been associated with microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. We present a novel case of saccular left renal artery aneurysm in a 27-year-old man with known Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.

Nanocarriers in advanced drug targeting: setting novel paradigm in cancer therapeutics.

Cancer has been growing nowadays consequently high number of death ascertained worldwide. The medical intervention involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical removal. This conventional technique lacking targeting potential and harm the normal cells.

In patients stratified by preoperative risk, endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms has a lower in-hospital mortality and morbidity than open repair.

Objective: Previous studies have reported that endovascular repair (EVAR) of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAAs) has lower postoperative mortality than open repair (OR). However, comparisons involved heterogeneous populations that lacked adjustment for preoperative risk. We hypothesize that for RAAA patients stratified by a validated measure of preoperative mortality risk, EVAR has a lower in-hospital mortality and morbidity than does OR.

A contemporary comparative analysis of immediate postoperative prosthesis placement following below-knee amputation.

Background: Despite advances in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease, a significant number of patients ultimately require major amputations. Traditionally, postoperative management of a below-knee amputation involves soft compressive dressings to allow for complete stump healing before initial prosthesis fitting. This technique is associated with a prolonged period of limited mobility, placing patients at risk for deconditioning or fall with a risk of injury to the stump.