Tarsometatarsal subluxation in dogs: partial arthrodesis by plate fixation.

In a retrospective study of tarsometatarsal joint subluxation in eight dogs, secondary fractures were identified in six dogs, particularly of the fourth tarsal bone and the proximal fifth metatarsal bone. Common causes of tarsometatarsal joint injury included jumping or falling and direct trauma to the foot. Partial tarsal arthrodesis, with the use of bone-plate stabilization and cancellous bone grafting of joint spaces after removal of articular cartilage, led to progressive bone healing in all dogs.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in 11 dogs.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection was identified in 11 dogs. The infection was associated with surgical treatment especially orthopaedic surgery. Infection after traumatic wounding, and recurrent pyoderma was also seen.

Molecular typing of enteroviruses: current status and future requirements. The European Union Concerted Action on Virus Meningitis and Encephalitis.

Human enteroviruses have traditionally been typed according to neutralization serotype. This procedure is limited by the difficulty in culturing some enteroviruses, the availability of antisera for serotyping, and the cost and technical complexity of serotyping procedures. Furthermore, the impact of information derived from enterovirus serotyping is generally perceived to be low.

Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) x red deer (C. elaphus) interspecies hybrids.

The artificial insemination of 400 red deer hinds with sambar deer semen resulted in 31 pregnancies at day 40 (24 at day 100) and the birth of four calves. Only one female calf was born alive. The artificial insemination of 10 sambar deer hinds with red deer semen resulted in five pregnancies at day 40, of which none went to term.

Metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in dogs.

Metacarpal fractures were more common than metatarsal fractures in this retrospective study of 37 dogs. Fractures of one metacarpal or metatarsal bone occurred in 24 per cent of the dogs, two metacarpal bones in 16 per cent, three metacarpal or metatarsal bones in 19 per cent, and four metacarpal or metatarsal bones in 41 per cent. Eighty-seven per cent of the dogs with fractures of four bones had fracture displacement or malalignment of at least one digit.

Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 early-gene transcription by reverse transcription-PCR is associated with abnormal cervical cytology.

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is associated with abnormal Papanicolou smears, indicative of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. HPV-16 is the most common genital HPV and is found in up to 40% of young women with normal cervical cytology. In order to investigate whether transcriptionally active HPV-16 infection is associated with abnormal cervical smears, a reverse transcription-nested PCR assay with primers from the E5 open reading frame was developed to detect all HPV-16 early-region mRNA (E-mRNA) transcripts.

Seasonal patterns of luteal cyclicity in young red deer (Cervus elaphus) and sambar deer (Cervus unicolor).

Seasonal onset of pubertal ovulation and incidence of luteal cyclicity was assessed from plasma progesterone profiles over 15 months for tame red deer (n = 7) and sambar deer (n = 7) hinds. Seasonal responses to photoperiod were determined from plasma prolactin profiles. All red deer attained puberty at 17-18 months of age in May-June and expressed 3-6 luteal cycles of length 20.

Enterovirus infections of the central nervous system.

The genus Enterovirus is a large group of viruses belonging to the family Picornaviridae. They have a worldwide distribution, cause a wide spectrum of disease, and are a common cause of central nervous system disease. Included among the sixty-six enterovirus serotypes known to infect humans are the three poliovirus (PV) serotypes, the cause of paralytic poliomyelitis (PPM).

Interlocking intramedullary nail stabilization of a femoral fracture in a dog with osteomyelitis.

Complications developed in a dog that underwent intramedullary pin and cerclage wire fixation of a comminuted femoral fracture. The fracture was unstable, the intramedullary pin protruded through the skin over the hip, and Staphylococcus sp was isolated from the fracture site. The loose pin was removed, and the fracture was restabilized with a 6.

Serological and molecular evidence of enterovirus infection in patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy.

Objective: To study the relative diagnostic value of enterovirus-specific molecular biological and serological assays in patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy, and to investigate the possible role of other cardiotropic viruses in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Design: Analysis of recipient myocardial tissue and serum from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and controls undergoing cardiac transplantation for end-stage cardiac disease.

Setting: University virology department and transplantation unit.

Force-plate analysis of gait before and after surgical excision of calcified lesions of the supraspinatus tendon in two dogs.

Two dogs with supraspinatus calcifying tendinopathy were lame in their forelimbs and were treated by the surgical excision of the calcified lesion. The lameness in both dogs improved after surgery without additional medical treatment, as evidenced by force-plate analysis of their gait.

Methylmethacrylate and bone screw repair of seventh lumbar vertebral fracture-luxations in dogs.

Fracture-luxations of the seventh lumbar vertebrae in two large dogs were stabilised with bone screws and methylmethacrylate. Screws inserted bilaterally into the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae and ilial wings were left protruding by about 2 cm, and embedded in methylmethacrylate bone cement. Implant failure occurred in one dog six days after surgery, necessitating a revision of the fixation.

Geometric variables and bone mineral density as potential predictors for mechanical properties of the radius of Greyhounds.

Objective: To determine cross-sectional geometry and bone mineral density of the Greyhound radius and correlate these values with torsional failure load and torsional stiffness in an ex vivo model.

Design: 3 regions, proximal, middle, and distal portions of the diaphysis, were studied. 5 levels of cross section were evaluated geometrically within each region.

Enterovirus infection of the central nervous system of humans: lack of association with chronic neurological disease.

We have searched, using a sensitive nested-PCR, for enterovirus RNA in cerebrospinal fluid and post mortem central nervous system (CNS) tissue from patients with previous poliomyelitis with or without late functional deterioration, patients with motor neuron disease (MND), and control patients with other neurological disease or without neurological disease. Enterovirus RNA was detected in patients with previous poliomyelitis and MND, but also in control patients with and without neurological disease. Our results do not provide any evidence that such enterovirus infection is related to late functional deterioration in patients with previous poliomyelitis, which could be attributed to other medical conditions in most instances, and do not support the hypothesis that MND is associated with enterovirus infection of the CNS.

Breath hydrogen excretion by healthy cats after oral administration of oxytetracycline and metronidazole.

Breath hydrogen excretion over a period of three hours was measured to evaluate carbohydrate malassimilation in healthy cats treated orally with antibiotics. Both an absorbable carbohydrate (xylose) and a non-absorbable carbohydrate (lactulose) were administered during the tests to evaluate the changes in the intestinal mucosa and the population of bacteria within the intestinal lumen. Overall, the effects of oxytetracycline and metronidazole on breath hydrogen excretion were not significantly different.

Effects of formaldehyde-enriched mists on Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco and Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.

The atmosphere in some areas is polluted with formaldehyde (HCHO); however, little is known about effects of HCHO on plants at concentrations resembling those in polluted areas. The effects of simulated fogwater enriched with HCHO on seedlings of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco (Douglas fir) and pendants of Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.

Molecular detection and serotypic analysis of enterovirus RNA in archival specimens from patients with acute myocarditis.

Objective: To determine whether enterovirus RNA can be demonstrated in archival necropsy material in acute myocarditis.

Design: Analysis of paraffin embedded myocardial tissue from cases of acute myocarditis.

Setting: University virology department.

Comparison of hemilaminectomy and dorsal laminectomy for thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion in dachshunds.

Neurological improvement after decompressive surgery, without routine therapeutic or prophylactic disc fenestration, was evaluated retrospectively in a consecutive series of 93 dachshunds with thoracolumbar disc extrusion. In 24 per cent of procedures, deep pain sensation was not elicited in at least one hind paw before surgery. Median neurological status one to seven days after surgery, at the time of discharge, was significantly improved after hemilaminectomy compared with dorsal laminectomy (P < 0.

Evidence for persistent enterovirus infection of the central nervous system in patients with previous paralytic poliomyelitis.

It has been suggested that late onset neurological deterioration after poliomyelitis may be due in some cases to persistent poliovirus infection of the central nervous system. In view of this, we decide to determine whether polioviruses and other enteroviruses can persist in the central nervous system. In a previous study, one of us (M.